OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH. 1st. teona& 384
bat in St. Leonard?s Hill, and upon the 23rd the said
Robert was put in ward in the Tolbooth of Edinburgh.
In the meantime of his being in ward, he
hung me cloak without the window of the Iron
House, and another within the window there, and
saying that he was sick, and might not see the
light, he had acquafortis continually seething at the
iron window, while (till) at last the iron was eaten
through.? Then, one morning, he desired his apprentice-
boy to watch when the town guard should
be dismissed, and to give him a sign thereof by
waving his handkerchief. This was done, and tying
?? ane tow,? or rope, to the window, he was about
to lower himself into the street; but the guard
? spied the wave of the handcurch, and sae the said
Robert was disappointit of his intention and
device.? On the 10th of April he was conveyed
down to the Market Cross, and there beheaded on
the scaffold, by the Maiden probably.
In 1650, when Cromwell?s army was repulsed by
the Scottish under Leslie, he made an attempt to
turn the flank of the latter at this point. ?Encircling
Arthur?s Seat, a strong column of infantry, a brigade
of cavalry, and two pieces of cannon attempted to
enter the city by the southern road that led from
the Pleasance. On this Campbell of Lawers
brought his regiment of musketeers at dou5le-quick
march up the glen by the base of Salisbury Craigs
to the ruins of St. Leonard?s chapel, and taking
an alignment behind the hedges and walls of
the King?s Park, poured from thence a deadly
fire, which drove back the infantry in disorder.
They threw aside their muskets, pikes, and col
lars of bandoliers, and fled, abandoning their
cannon, which were brought off by the horse
brigade.?
St. Leonard?s Hill corresponds somewhat in
pdsition, but not in contour, with the locality of
Davie Deans? story in Sir Walter Scott?s ? Heart 01
Midlothian,? and an ancient cottage is actually
indicated as being his in the Post-office maps.
Eastward of this, the ridge of the hill bears the
name of Kaim Head, indicating that of old a camp
had been there.
St. Leonard?s coal depBt and railway station
have destroyed all the old and picturesque amenities
of the locality. The station was erected here
on the formation of a railway from Edinburgh to
Dalkeith in 1826, but the traffic did not begin until
1831. It is still in existence, but has undergone
great changes. .
To see the train start by successive carriages
for Dalkeith was then one of ?the sights? of
Edinburgh. ?Towards the close of its ?horsy?
days,? says Brenlner (in his ? Industries of Scotland
?), ?? when railways worked by locomotives
became common, this railway, with its lumbering
carriages, slow-paced steeds, and noisy officials,
was laughed at as an old-fashioned thing; but
many persons have pleasant recollections of holiday
trips made over the line. Then, as now, people
took advantage of the fast days to spend a few
hours outside the city, and it was no uncommon
thing for the Dalkeith railway to bear away four or
five thousand pleasure-seekers on such occasions.??
No accident ever having occurred on this line, it
bears the name of the ?? Innocent Railway,? under
which title it appears in one of Robert Chambers?s
pleasant essays.
St. Leonard?s Hill and all its locality are inseparably
connected with the boyhood of the celebrated
philosopher and phrenologist, George Combe,
who spent the summer months of his earlier years
with his aunt, Mrs. Margaret Sinclair, whose husband
was proprietor of a brewery, a garden, and
other ground there.
At the junction of the Pleasance with St.
Leonards, an old street, known as the East Cross
Causeway branches north-westward. Here was to
be found the latest example of the legendary doorhead
so peculiar to Edinburgh :-? 1701 GOD?S
PROVIDENCE? It was over the door of a house in
which Lady Jane Douglas, wife of Sir John Stewart,
of Grandtully, is said to have resided during some
of the years of her long-contested peerage case
with the Duke of Hamilton ; and where she-the
sister of the last duke of the grand old Douglas
line-was in circumstances so reduced that.she was
compelled to work at the wash-tub while rocking
with her foot the cradle wherein lay her son, who
became Lord Douglas of Douglas in 1790.
In this quarter of the city there was founded
in West Richmond Street, in 1776, the first
public dispensary in Edinburgh, chiefly througb
the exertions of Andrew Duncan, M.D., whose portrait,
painted by Raeburn, now hangs in the hall.
The good doctor lived long enough to see his
generous labours crowned with complete success.
CAssmL & COMPANY, LIMITED, BELLXI SAUVAGE WORKS, LONDON, E.C.
CONTENTS.
PAGE
INTROEUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J
CHAPTER I.
P R E H I S T O R I C EDINBURGH.
The Site before the Houses-Traces of Early Inhabitants-The Caledonian Tribes-Agricola's Invasion-Subjection of the Scottish Lowlands
-The Rorrao Way-Edinburgh never occupied permanently-Various Roman Remains : Urns, Coins, Busts ; Swords, Spears, ahd
other Weapons-Ancient Coffins-The Camus, or Cath-st,neOrigin of the name " Edinburgh"-Dinas-Eiddyn-The Battle of Catraeth 9
CHAPTER 11.
THE CASTLE OF EDINBURGH.
Of its Origin and remoter History-The Legends concerning it-Ebranke-St. Monena-Def& of the Sawons by King Bridei-King
Edwin-King Grime-The Story of Grime and Bertha of Badlieu-The Starting paint of authentic Edinburgh History-Sr Margaret
-Het Piety and amiable Disposition-Her Chapel-Her Death-Restoration of her Oratory-Her Burial-Donald Bane-King
David 1.-The Royal Gardens, afterwards the Nonh Loch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I4
CHAPTER 111.
CASTLE OF EDINBURGH (continued).
The Legend of the White Hart-Holyrocd Abbey founded--The Monks of the Castrum Puellarum-David I.% numerous Endowments-His
Death-Fergus. Lord of Galloway, dies there-William the Lion-Castle Garrisoned by the English for Twelve Yean-The Castle a
Royal Residence-The War of the Scottish Succession-The ( h t l e in the hands of Edward 1.-Frank's Escalade-The Lbrtres
Dismantled-Again in the hands of the English-Bullock's Stratagem for its Re-caprurr-David's Tower . . . . . . 21
CHAPTER IV.
CASTLE OF EDINBURGH (confinucd).
Progress of the City-Ambassidor of Charles VI.-Edinburgh burned-Henry IV, baffled-Albmy's Prophecy-Laws lrgvdiog the Building
- of Houses-Sumptuary Laws, 1457-Murder of James I.-Coronationof JarncsI1.-Court Intrigues-Lard Chancellor C r i c h t o n - ~ g ~ c e
of the Earl of Douglas-Faction WaR--l'he Castle Resieged--"The Black Dinner"-Edmburgh Walled-Its Strength -Bale-fires . 26
CHAPTER V.
EDINBURGH CASTLE (continued).
James 111. and his haughty Nobilib-Plots of the Duke of Albany and Earl of Mar-Mysterious Death of Mar-Capture and Escape of the
Duke of Altuny-Captivity of James 111.-Richard of Gloucester at Edinburgh-The "Golden Charter" of the City-"The Blue
Blanket"-Accession of James 1V.-Tournamen%" The Seven Sisters of Bothwick "-The " Fldden Wall"-The Reign of Jarnes V.
-" Cleahse the Causeway !"-Edinburgh under the Factions of Nobles-Hertford Attacks the CastltDeath of Mary of Guise-
Queen Mary's Apartments in the CaStle-BLth of James VI. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
CHAPTER VI.
EDINBURGH CASTLE (continued).
The Siege of r573-The City Bombarded from the Castle-Elizabeth's Spy-D~ry's Dispositions for the Siege-Execution of Kirkddy-
Repar of the Ruins-Execution of Mortan-Visit of Charles 1.-Procession to Holymod-Comnation of Charles 1.-The Struggle
against Epiico-Siege of 1640-The Spectre Drummn-Besieged by Cmmwell-Under the Protector-The Restantion-The
Argyles-The Accession of James VI1.-Sentence of the Earl of Argyle-His. clever Escape-Imprisoned lour yms later-The Last
Sleep of ArgylcHis Death-Tolture of Covenaoters-Proclamation of W d l i and Maq-The Siege of 16@-Intewiew between
Gordon and Dundee-The Cas le invested-Rdiant Defeuce-Capitulation of the Duke of Cordon-The Spectre of Claverhouse . 47
