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172 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.
fencing-master, upon the 16th December. The gallery of this room was set
apart for spectators, and the body of the apartment for those who were in
uniform, about two hundred of whom assembled. Hamilton Rowan and Napper
Tandy were conspicuous at the table-both read parts of the address, and were
busily engaged in circulating copies among the audience. The address-to
which the names of Dr. Drennan and Mr. Rowan were appended, as chairman
and secretary-was of a character too democratic to escape the notice of Government.
It began in the then obnoxious and revolutionary language of France :
--“Citizen soldiers! you first took up arms to protect your country from
foreign enemies, and from domestic disturbance. For the same purposes it
now becomes necessary t,hat you should resume them.” It then went on to
state the peculiar circumstances of the times-the existing grievances-enlarging
on the necessity for reform-the blessings of liberty-and concluded with
this appeal-“ The fifteenth of February approaches-a day ever memorable in
the annals of this country, as the birthday of new Ireland ; let parochial meetings
be held as soon as possible-let each parish return delegates-let the sense
of Ulster be again declared from Dungannon on a day auspicious to union,
peace, and freedom ; and the spirit of the north will again become the spirit of
the nation. * * Answer us by your actions! You have taken time for consideration
: fourteen long years are elapsed since the rise of your association :
and in 1782 did you imagine that in 1792 this nation would still remain
unrepresented ! How many nations in this interval have gotten the start of
Ireland P
Early in January 1793,a fewweeks after the publication of this address,Rowan
and Tandy were arrested-brought before Justice Downes,’ and liberated on
bail.’ Tandy made his escape, forfeiting his bond ; but Mr. Rowan boldly stood
his ground, and almost daily attended the King’s Bench. At length finding
“ no bills sent up to the grand jury against him, he moved the court by counsel,
that the recognisances entered into by him and his bail should be vacated.” This
step forced on the prosecution ; and after several postponements, the trial at last
took place on the 29th January 1794. Curran was counsel for Mr. Rowan,
and although he failed in procuring the acquittal of his client, made an admirable
defence. The speech delivered by this celebrated barrister on that occasion
has been often referred to as one of surpassing eloquence. Several passagesparticularly
those on Catholic emancipation and the liberty of the press-have
been often quoted, and must be familiar to almost every one. He described
his client as “a man of the most beloved personal character-of one of the
most respected families of our country-himself the only individual of that
family-I may almost say of that country.” The Attorney-General and
Prime-Sergeant replied to Mr. Curran, and the Lord Chief Justice (the Earl
How many of your countrymen sunk into the grave !”
1 Afterwards created Lord Downes, with remainder to his son-in-law, S i Ulysses Burgh, the
Dr. Drennan R-as also arrested and brought to trial, but acquitted, aa it could not be proven
subsequent Lord Downes.
that he waa accessory to the publication of the libel.

... in the then obnoxious and revolutionary language of France : --“Citizen soldiers! you first took up arms ...

Book 9 p. 231
(Score 0.71)

E1 0 GRAPH I C AL 8 RE T C I3 E S. 205
No. LXXXV.
VOLTAIRE, THE FRENCH PHILOSOPHER,
AND
MR. WATSON, AN EDINBURGH MESSENGER.
THE remarkable similarity of physiognomy existing between the Philosopher
of Ferney and the humble Edinburgh Messenger was the cause of their heads
being etched in the present form. About the period of the execution of this
print, the Scottish capital was profuse in the display of odd characters j and
living portraitures' of some of the greatest men of the age were to be found
walking the streets of the city. In Miles M'Phail the caddy, Lord North
the British Prime Minister, might daily be seen shouldering a load of beef or
mutton; while, in the still more exact personification of old Watson the
Messenger, the noted Philosopher of France became a petty process-server and
a beagle of the law.
The likeness of the famous VOLTAIEE was copied by Kay from a painting
on the lid of a snuff-box belonging to John Davidson, Esq., Writer to the
Signet: with which the head of Mr. Watson was placed in contrast, that the
similarity, as well as any little difference of feature, might be more conspicuous.
A yery striking instance of the similar structure of faces is recorded in the Gallic Reports, in
the case of Martin Guerre and Arnauld de Filk. The latter, taking advantage of the absence of the
former, and having made himself master of the most minute circumstances of his life, through this
surprising resemblance, so imposed himself, not only on the relations of Martin Guerre, but even upon
his wife, that he was not suspected for several years; and when at length, from some untoward
circumstances, he fell under suspicion of being an impostor, he cheerfully submitted to a regular
prosecution, in which he behaved with such address, that, of near 150 witnesses examined on the
affair, between thirty and forty deposed that he was the true Martin Guerre, among whom were
Martin's four sisters and two of their husbands ; and of the remainder of the witnesses, sixty and
upwards declared the resemblance between the penons so strong that it was simply impossible to
affirm with certainty whether the accused was the true Martim or not. In short, Ainauld de Filk for
a long time puzzled the Parliament of Toulouse, even after the true Martin Guerre was returned, and
they appeared together face to face.
At the present day, almost 8 counterpart of Napoleon will be found in the penon of 8 celebrated
foreign musician, presently resident in Edinburgh. He is distinguished by the same peculiarity in
walking, his arms resting carelessly behind his back ; is of the same height, and the same cast of
features.
A few years ago, a young gentleman was taken up in London on about fourteen different charges
of swindling, and was brought to trial on what we would here term separate indictments. On one of
these he was convicted, but on the reat was acquitted ; having, although positively sworn to, proved
satisfactorily alibis in each of them. It turned out that the delinquencies had been perpetrated by
an individual, his complete counterpart. Of course he received 8 free pardon in the instance where
he had been convicted, and where he had been unable to prove an alibi.
Mr. Davidson obtained posseasion of the box while on a visit to Paris, where the likeness was
considered remarkably f a i t h f a

... of old Watson the Messenger, the noted Philosopher of France became a petty process-server and a ...

Book 8 p. 289
(Score 0.71)

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 39
“ Sir George’s friend offered, that if Mr. Macrae would make an ample apology
for the expression and the message delivered by his friend to Sir George, he
would pledge himself that Sir George would make the servant stop the prosecution,
or that he would dismiss him his service. Mr. Macrae did not agree to
this, nor did his friend advise it. Every endeavour to conciliate having failed,
and two hours having passed without being able to bring the parties to an
accommodation, they went to the ground, and having taken their distance,
about fourteen yards, they both fired at the same instant, by signal, as had been
previously agreed upon. Sir George Ramsay received a wound in his body, of
which he died on Friday morning, the 16th. Mr. Macrae and his friend went
immediately from the field. Have since heard that Mr. Macrae was slightly
wounded in the cheek. We have only to add, that no men ever behaved more
like men of honour than they did on the occasion.”
There can be little doubt that Captain Macrae in this unfortunate affair was
highly blameable ; and so strong was the public feeling against him, that his
counsel advised him not to stand a trial, for fear of the result. He therefore
fled to France, and for some time took up his residence at the HGtel de la
Dauphine in Paris. He was cited upon criminal letters, dated 26th May
1790, to take his trial for murder upon the 26th of July following.’ Sentence
of outlawry was pronounced against him on that day for not appearing. This
was followed by letters of denunciation, which were duly executed on the 28th
of that month, and recorded next day. Previous to his outlawry, he took the
precaution to convey his estate to trustees, who subsequently, but in conformity
with his instructions, executed an entail of it. Before his exile, he married
Miss Maria Cecilia Le Maistre, a lady by whom he had a son and a daughter.
This unhappy gentleman died abroad on the 16th January 1820.
The action brought by the servant was not finally determined till the month
of February 1792, when the Sheriff having awarded damages and expenses, his
judgment was brought under review of the Court of Session, and the cause
came on before the Inner-House. The Court unanimously remitted the cause
simpliciter to the Sheriff-thus affirming his judgment. There wit8 much
contradiction in the evidence; and although it was proved that the servant
had given a good deal of abusive language to Captain Macrae, yet their Lordships
were of opinion that no abusive language whatever could justify the act
of beating a man to the effusion of his blood. Some of the Judges indeed
thought that there was, in determining the cause, a conjictus legum, and that it
fell to be decided-in one way if they took it up, on the laws of the land-and
in another, on what are called the laws of honour; but the Lord President
observed, that as they were sitting as judges of a court of law, not of chivalry,
they were bound to decide by the former.
Sir Oeorge Ramsay, although married, left no issue, and was succeeded in his title and estate by
his brother William. The indictment runs in name of “Dame Eleanor Fraser, relict of the decessed
Sir George Ramsay of Bad, Baronet, and Sir Willism Ramsay of Banff, Baronet, hie brother-german.

... a trial, for fear of the result. He therefore fled to France , and for some time took up his residence at the ...

Book 8 p. 51
(Score 0.71)

208 OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH. [Leith
One of the greatest events of its time in Leith
was the landing there of George IV., on the 15th
of August, 1822.
The king was on board the Royal George, which
was towed into the Roads by two steam-packets,
followed by the escorting frigates, which fired
salutes that were answered by the flagship and
Forte frigate; and a salute from the battery announced
that all had come to anchor. Among the
first to go off to the royal yacht was Sir Walter
Scott, to present the king with a famous silver star,
the gift of the ladies of Edinburgh. Sir Walter
on Scottish ground, save the exiled Charles of
France.
The cannon of the ships and battery pealed forth
their salutes, and the combined cheers of the
mighty multitude filled up the pauses. An immense
fleet of private boats followed the royal barge,
forming an aquatic procession such as Leith had
never seen before, and a band of pipers on the
pier struck up as it rounded the head of the latter.
As the king approached the landing stage three
distinct and well-timed cheers came from the
manned yards of the shipping, while the magis-
LEITH PIER, FROM THE WEST, 1775. (Afler Clerk ofEldif.1
remained in conversation with the king an hour, in
the exuberance of his loyalty pocketing as a relic a
glass from which His Majesty had drunk wine;
but soon after the author of ?r Waverley,? in forgetfulness,
sat down on it and crushed it in pieces.
Leith was crowded beyond all description on the
day of the landing ; every window was filled with
faces, if a view could be commanded ; the ships?
yards were manned, their rigging swarmed with
human figures; and the very roofs of the houses
were covered. Guarded by the Royal Archers and
Scots Greys, a floating platform was at the foot of
Bernard Street, covered with cloth and strewn with
flowers; and when a single gun from the royal
yacht announced that the king had stepped into his
barge, the acclamations of the enthusiastic people,
all unused to the presence of royalty, then seemed
to rend heaven.
Since the time of Charles 11. no king had been
trates, deacons, and trades, advanced, the latter
with all their standards lowered. So hearty and
prolonged were the glad shouts of the people that
even George 1V.-the most heartless king that
ever wore a crown-was visibly affected.
He was clad in the uniform of an admiral, and
was received by the magistrates of Leith and Edinburgh
and the usual high officials, civil and military
; but the Highland chief Glengarry, bursting
through the throng, exclaimed, bonnet in hand,
? Your Majesty is welcome to Scotland ! ??
The procession preceding the royal carriage now
set out, ?the Earl of Kinnoul, as Lord Lyon,
on a horse capnoling in front of a cloud of
heralds and cavaliers-his golden coronet, crimson
mantle flowing to the ground, his embroidered
boots, and golden spurs, would have been irresistible
in the eyes of a dame of the twelfth century.? Sir
Alexander Keith, as Knight-Marischal, with his

... Walter on Scottish ground, save the exiled Charles of France . The cannon of the ships and battery pealed ...

Book 6 p. 208
(Score 0.71)

212 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.
siastic spirit of the ex-representative of Majesty, that he came to Edinburgh in
May 1802, to attend the levee of the new Commissioner. On the 4th of June
following, being the King's birth-day, he also attended the " grand collation "
given on the occasion by the Magistrates in the Parliament House. This was
the last public appearance of his lordship. He died at his house, in Edinburgh,
five days afterwards, aged 81.
Lord Leven married, in 1747, Wilhelmina, posthumous daughter, and nineteenth
child, of William Nisbet of Dirleton. The great degree of domestic
felicity with which this union was crowned, is, perhaps, the best proof of the
Earl's rectitude of private conduct. Lady Leven was not less distinguished for
her amiable qualities of mind than she was for comeliness of person. Her wit
was lively and pleasant-her heart affectionate and liberal. She had a habitual
and fervent piety, and a regular and constant regard to divine institutions and
the offices of devotion. Uninterrupted conjugal affection and felicity, sweetened
and heightened by the exercise of parenta.1 duties, marked the union of the
Earl and Countess. The fiftieth anniversary of their marriage was celebrated
at Melville House, 29th January 1797 ; and she died there, 10th May 1798,
aged 74.
The town residence of the Earls of Leven, during the early part of last
century, was at the head of Skinner's Close. The subject of this sketch resided
many years in a house at the north-west corner of Nicolson Square, and latterly
occupied KO. 2 St. Andrew Square.
Her ladyship had a family of five sons and three daughters.
No. LXXXVIII.
THE RIGHT HONOURABLE LORD ADAM G0RDON.l '
LORD ADAM GORDON, fourth son of Alexander, second Duke of Gordon,
and grand-uncle to the late Duke, entered the 18th Regiment of Foot in 1746-
from whence he was transferred to the 3d Regiment of Foot Guards in 1755. He
accompanied this regiment in the expedition to the coast of France, under
General Bligh, in 1758 ; undertaken, in conjunction with the fleet under Lord
Howe, for the purpose of creating a diversion in favour of the allies. The
General succeeded in effecting a landing at St. Lunaire, on the 4th September,
and in destroying a few vessels at St. Briac ; but his courage soon began
to " ooze out at his finger-ends " on learning that the French camp was only a
few miles distant, and that some fresh reinforcements had lately been received.
On the 10th of the same month he summoned a council of war, when, with
only one dissentient voice (Lieutenant-colonel Clerk) a re-embarkation was
resolved upon. Lord Howe was immediately made acquainted with this determination
; but, for the safety of the fleet, the Admiral found it necessary to go
to St. Cas Bay. The troops were thus under the disagreeable necessity of
Print of Lord Adam Gordon on horseback as peculiarly striking.
A gentleman, who was intimately acquainted with the subject of this sketch, describes the

... Foot Guards in 1755. He accompanied this regiment in the expedition to the coast of France , under General ...

Book 8 p. 298
(Score 0.71)

70 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.
published by his nephew in 1830, entitled “Reminiscences of Henry Angelo,”
we are made acquainted with the fact of his having an elder brother of the same
profession, and who resided principally in London.
In these reminiscences Angelo the younger speaks very highly of his father,
Dorninico Angelo Malevolti Tremamondo-not only was he the best “ master
of equitation,” but one of the most “scientific swordsmen of the day‘;’’ and so
well proportioned in lith and limb, as to be equally fitted for a “ gallant in love
or a hero in war.”
Angelo the elder was a native of Leghorn. His father, being a wealthy merchant
there, intended him for the counting-house, but the ledger had no charms
for the handsome Tremamondo, who determined to push his fortune by other
means. He accordingly visited various parts of the Continent, and soon found
his way to Paris, at that time, if not now, the gayest and most polite city in the
world ; and so effectually did Tremamondo cultivate every external accomplishment,
that he became proverbially one of the most elegant men of the age,
‘( the gayest of the gay.”
Not long before he left Paris, a public fencing-match took place at a celebrated
hotel, at which were present the most renowned professors and amateurs
of the science. Tremamondo was persuaded by the Duc de Nivernois’ to try
his skill. No sooner had he entered the lists than a celebrated English beauty,
Miss Margaret Woffington, the well-known actress, presented him with a bouquet
of roses, which, as we are told, he placed on his breast with the most
exquisite gallantry, and, addressing the other knights of the sword, exclaimed,
(( This will I protect against all opposers.” Tremamondo fenced with the best
of them, but none could disturb a single leaf of his bouquet.
While in Paris, Tremamondo had formed an acquaintance with a French
officer, who boasted much of his fencing abilities. Motives of jealousy induced
him to waylay our hero one night, who happened to be only armed with a couteazc
de chasse, a small sword usually worn in undress. Tremamondo, acting on the
defensive for some time, at last made a home-thrust at the officer, who fell,
and there was every reason to think he was mortally wounded. The officer
was taken home. Next day Tremamondo visited him, and, although he
found him in bed gasping, he did not think there was enough of alteration in
the officer’s countenance for so serious an injury. He immediately suspected
there had been deception, and, throwing the bed-clothes suddenly off, discovered
the officer’s cotte de maille. The officer, ashamed at his cowardly conduct, and
dreading the stigma, implored secrecy and for,w’ veness.
Shortly after our hero’s arrival in London, he married Miss Masters, whose
father had commanded the Chester man-of-war. About the year 1758 he was
engaged by the Princess Dowager of Wales “to teach the young princes the
The Duc de Nivernois was afterwards ambassador in England from the Court of France. Hume
the historian, in a letter dated the 6th October 1763, to Dr. Blair, respecting Ossian’s Poems, mentions
the Duc as desirous of obtaining some proofs of their authenticity, which he proposed to lay before
the Acadhie de Belles Lettres at Paris.

... was afterwards ambassador in England from the Court of France . Hume the historian, in a letter dated the 6th ...

Book 8 p. 101
(Score 0.7)

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. I 361
afterwards, on the 16th of January 1779, a Spanish squadron of eleven ships
of the line hove in sight off Cape St. Vincent. The British fleet directly bore
down upon them, when Captain Duncan was the first to come up with the
enemy. His daring conduct having been observed by his no less resolute Commander,
he was warned of the danger of rushing into a position where he would
be exposed to a very unequal contest. ‘‘ Just what I want,” he coolly replied ;
The Monarch dashed pn, and was instantly alongside
a ship of larger size, while two of no less magnitude lay within musket-shot.
A desperate engagement ensued, but the Captain soon succeeded in disabling
the latter, when, directing all his fire against the at. Augwtin, that vessel struck
in less than half-an-hour j then pushing into the heat of the engagement, the
Monarch contributed materially towards the victory which was that day obtained
over the Spanish flag.
In 1788 Captain Duncan was appointed to the command of the Blenheirn
of ninety guns, and was present at the engagement with the united fleet of
France and Spain in October, off the mouth of the Straits of Gibraltar. For
several years after this, during the peace, he remained in command of the Edgar
guardship at Portsmouth ; and, on the 14th September 1789, was made Rear-
Admiral of the Blue. When the late Earl Spencer came to the Admiralty, he
inquired for “Keppel’s Captain,” and, in February 1795, appointed him Commander-
in-Chief of the North Sea Fleet.
It is needless to follow him through his arduous services while holding this
important command. When the fate of Ireland hung upon the balance ; when
a powerful fleet was concentrated at the Texel, for the invasion of that ill-fated
country-torn to pieces by internal faction-Admiral Duncan suddenly found
himself deserted by his fleet, and left, in the face of the enemy, with only one
line-of-battle ship besides his own. The veteran Admiral, in spite of these disheartening
circumstances, maintained his post undaunted. He continued to
menace the Texel, by keeping up signals, as if his whgle fleet were in the distance
; and thus prevented the Dutch from attempting to leave their anchorage.
To give a detailed account of Admiral Duncan’s memorable conduct during
the mutiny at the Nore would lead us beyond our limits. Suffice it to say, that
by a judicious blending of firmness and conciliation, he entirely quelled the first
symptoms of insubordination in his own ship, the Penerable, and also in the
Adamant, Captain (now Sir William) Hotham-the only ship which remained
tvith him to the last. His speech to the crew of the Yenerable is to be found
in the naval history of the country. We may, however, mention the following
anecdote, for the authenticity of which Sir William Hotham has vouched.
When told on one occasion that the Dutch fleet was getting under weigh,
he directed Sir William to anchor the Adamunt alongside the Yenerable in the
narrow part of the channel, and to fight her till she sank, adding--“I have
taken the depth of water ; and, when the Venerable goes down, my flag will still
On the termination of the mutiny at the Nore, Admiral Duncan was immedi-
.
I wish to be among them.”
fly.”
311

... was present at the engagement with the united fleet of France and Spain in October, off the mouth of the Straits ...

Book 8 p. 505
(Score 0.7)

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 173
of Clonmell) having summed up the evidence, the jury retired a few minutes,
and returned with a verdict of guilty, which the audience heard with strong
manifestations of disapprobation. Mr. Rowan was conveyed back to Mewgate ;
and as Mr. Curran-who had been repeatedly applauded even in CourCwas
about to proceed home, the horses were taken from his carriage, and he was
drawn to his own house by the people-a vast crowd of whom were congregated,
anxiously waiting the result of the trial.
A motion was made on the part of Hamilton Rowan for a new trial ; but this
being overruled, he was brought before the Court of King’s Bench on the 7th
February, when Justice Boyd pronounced the sentence of the Gourd“ That
Archibald Hamilton Rowan should be imprisoned in the gaol of Newgate, for
two years, to commence from the day of his trial ; that he should pay a fine of
X500 to his Majesty, and remain in prison till the same be paid; and that he
shall give security to keep the peace for seven years himself, in 322000, and two
sureties in .€E1000 each.” In his defence before the Court, Mr. Rowan did not
attempt to palliate his political conducd“1 have heard much of United Irishmen,”
said he -“much calumny here and elsewhere. I avow myself to be one
-my name has appeared to several of their publications. I glory in the name.
On entering tha.t Society I took a test, by which I am bound to seek for the
emancipation of every class of my fellow-citizens, and to procure (by spreading
information, for that is the only mode a few men assembled in Back-lane can
adopt) a reform in the representation of the people-a reform, the necessity of
which has been allowed even in Parliament. These are our objects-objects
which I am bound to pursue to their completion.”
Mr. Rowan had not been long in Newgate when, by the arrest of Jacksonan
English divine who came to Ireland as an emissary of the French-he had
every reason to think it probable that he might be implicated in a charge of
high treason. He therefore resolved to effect his escape-which he accomplished
in a singular and romantic manner. From his station in society, and respectability
of character, he was frequently permitted to accompany Mrs. Rowan
without the walls to her carriage, and indulged in many other privileges by the
gaolers. Of his escape and subsequent particulars of his history, the following
unvarnished yet interesting narrative has been given by himself :
“Dublin, December 1816. .
“When I had been in Newgate about four months, in consequence of my sentence, the Rev.
Mr. Jackson, an Englishman, and an emissary from France, came to this country. He was
accompanied by another person, to whom he had communicated the object of his mission, and who
pretended to assist his views, but had in fact betrayed him to the minister, and accompanied
him to Ireland as a spy. We had several conferences ;
and at last a statement of the situation of this country waa agreed upon and given to Jackson, in
my hand-writing. Mr. Jackson’s friend waa employed by him to put this into the Post Office,
directed to Hamburgh. He was seized in the act, and takeu before the Privg. CounciL Mr.
Jackson was committed to prison. In the evening Mr. Jackson’s friend came to my room, and
reqiiested I would procure him admission to Jackson, which I did ; for at this time there was
no suspicion of the friend, nor of my being implicated with Jackson. In this interview he said,
that in his examination he had acknowledged the letter to have been given to him by Jackson ;
They were introduced to me in the jail.

... Rev. Mr. Jackson, an Englishman, and an emissary from France , came to this country. He was accompanied by ...

Book 9 p. 232
(Score 0.7)

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 23
the task of improving the condition of those who resided upon it. The village of
Laurencekirk, then consisting of only a few houses, was taken under his especial
patronage. He planned a new line of street, offered leases of small farms and
of ground for building on extremely advantageous terms, built a commodious
inn for the reception of travellers, founded a library for the use of the villagers,
and established manufactures of various kinds. By some of his operations he
lost largely, but this did not in the least abate his philanthropy, or for a moment
interrupt the career of his benevolence. The manufacture of a very elegant kind
of snuff-box, the hinges of which are styled “invisible,” such as those made in
Cumnock, Ayrshire, is still carried on in the village to a considerable extent.
His lordship’s labours in this good work were crowned with the success they
merited. His village grew rapidly, and before his death had attained a degree
of importance and prosperity that exceeded his most sanguine expectations. Of
the delight which Lord Gnrdenstone took in this benevolent project, a singularly
pleasing expression occurs in a letter which he addressed to the inhabitants of
Laurencekirk. “I have tried,” he says, “in some measure a variety of the
pleasures which mankind pursue ; but never relished anything so much as the
pleasure arising from the progress of my village.”
In his lordship’s anxiety to do everything in his power to invest his favourite
village of Laurencekirk with attractions for strangers, he erected a handsome
little building adjoining the inn as a museum, and filled it with fossils, rare
shells, minerals, and other curiosities. Considering the facility of access, it is
not surprising that these should from time to time disappear ; not unfrequently
the unsuspecting proprietor was imposed upon, by having his curiosities stolen
and sold over again to himself! In this building there was also kept an album
or commonplace book, in which visitors were invited to record whatever they
thought fit, and, as might be expected, many of the entries were not of the
choicest description. The apartment was likewise adorned by portraits of a
number of the favourite original inhabitants of the village. The inn itself was
kept by a favourite servant of his lordship’s, named “ Cream,” who, as well as
his wife, possessed a large portion of the milk of human kindness.
In the year 1785 his lordship succeeded, by the death of his elder brother,
Alexander Garden of Troup, to the possession of the family estates, which were
considerable. His acquisition of this additional wealth was marked by another
circumstance, which strikingly evinces the natural generosity of his disposition.
He remitted to the tenants all the debts due to him as heir to his brother.
On his succession to the family property, his lordship set out on a tour to the
Continent, where he remained three years, traversing in this time great part of
France, the Netherlands, Germany, and Italy. The results of his observations
during this tour (which was made in part with the view of gratifying curiosity,
but chiefly with that of improving his health, which was much impaired) he gave
to the world in two volumes, entitled, “Travelling Memorandums made in a
Tour upon the Continent of Europe in the year 1792.” A third volume of
this work was published after his death. About the same time he published

... three years, traversing in this time great part of France , the Netherlands, Germany, and Italy. The results ...

Book 8 p. 29
(Score 0.7)

160 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.
Here he had a wider field for his exertions, both as a temporal and spiritual
physician ; but although he readily acquired extensive practice, and was highly
esteemed by all belonging to the Connection in that quarter, he remained
amongst them only a very few years. Yielding to the repeated solicitations of
his friends in London, Dr. Hamilton repaired to the metropolis about the year
1796. Soon after his arrival, he was elected Physician to the London Dispensary-
a situation for which he was peculiarly adapted. The conscientious
manner in which he discharged his duties, and the solicitude manifested by him
for the meanest of his patients, at once endeared him to the Directors of the
Institution, and to the poor, by whom his services were principally. required.
An instance of the esteem in which he was held is thus related by his biographer
:-“ He was mercifully preserved in the haunts of misery and crime.
Going one day to visit a poor person in a place noted for both (Petticoat Lane),
he was surrounded by a gang of thieves, but was wondrously delivered by a
woman screaming from one of the upper windows, ‘ Don’t touch the gentleman ;
that’s the good Doctor that saved the life of Mrs. Moses.’ The rogues slunk
away in all directions.”
Having been some years in London, Dr. Hamilton married for the third
time.’ By this union it is understood he obtained a considerable addition to
his fortune. His subsequent progress was eminently successful ; but uninterrupted
as was his course of usefulness, he was not without his own share of the
afflictions which less or more fall to the lot of every one. Several of his sons
were in the army. Thomas and William held commissions in a Highland regiment.
They served in Egypt, and were present at the unsuccessful attack on
Rosetta in 1807. They survived the disaster, having been only slightly
wounded ; but shortly after the return of the army to Alexandria, Thomas, the
adjutant, was seized with fever, and died in a few days’ illness. The brother,
Lieutenant William, returned with his regiment to England, and was for some
time stationed in Scotland ; but having negotiated exchange for a Captaincy in
the Buffs, then under Wellington in the Peninsula, he repaired thither ; and,
after the French had been driven out of Spain, was unfortunately wounded in
the south of France, on the 13th of November, when “ foremost of the. brave
men who mre pursuing the enemy.” He died on the 29th of the same month.
These bereavements were severely felt by Dr. Hamilton j yet he manifested
in his conduct that steady bearing and submission to events, nobly characteristic
of the Christian. Until extreme old age, he continued in the exercise of his
professional and ministerial duties, “dispensing the word of life in several of
the most respectable congregations (besides that to which he belonged) in the
metropolis.” ‘In B letter to a lady in Scotland, writben in 1826, the Doctor
During his residence in Dunbar he was twice married ; first, to a Miss Coutts ; and, secondly,
What is perhaps a little singular, a brother of the latter afterwards
a Dr. Hamilton’s eldest son, was Colonel James Hamilton, of the Colombian army, South
to a Miss Amot from Alnwick.
married a daugter of Dr. Haniilton by hia firvt wife.
America. Another of his sons, Francis, resided in Kentish-town.

... out of Spain, was unfortunately wounded in the south of France , on the 13th of November, when “ foremost of ...

Book 9 p. 215
(Score 0.7)

200 EIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.
to look again might easily discover, in his bearing and manner, enough to recall
the remembrance of his high lineage and unexampled misfortunes.
Charles sometimes indulged in a walk through the city ; but the crowds of
people that usually followed him, anxious to gratify their curiosity, in some
measure detracted from the pleasure of these perambulations. When he first
appeared in this manner, a few days after his arrival, he escaped observation
for some time ; but in Hanover Street the crowd became so great that, though
not the slightest insult was offered him, he deemed it prudent to abridge his
walk ; and passing along the Mound returned to the Palace by the High Street
and Canongate. With the exception of a slight stoop, the King appeared so
little altered since he had formerly sojourned in Edinburgh, that many old
people easily recognised him. Though far advanced in year$, he walked with a
firm step ; and his health and strength were such that he often went on shoot,-
ing excursions, accompanied by the Duc d'Angouleme and his suite ; sometimes
crossing the ferry to Fordel, the estate of Sir Philip Durham, but more frequently
enjoying himself on the property of the Earl of Wemyss. That his Majesty
was an excellent shot, the quantity of game brought home to Holyrood House
amply testified. In Dalmeny Park, on one occasion, he bagged thirty-six
pheasants, besides hares and partridges, in an incredibly short space of time.
In their habits and general deportment the Duc and Duchesse d'dngouleme,
or more properly speaking, the Dauphin and Dauphiness, were as unostentatious
as his Majesty. Early in the morning of a market-day, they might be met armin-
arm perambulating the Canongate and High Street, apparently much
interested in the busy scene around them ; the one attired in an old blue greatcoat,
the other enveloped in a cloak not mantle, or much superior in appearance.
Unlike the Duke, however, the Duchess was a well-proportioned, active-looking
woman. The former, strict in his religious observances, was a regular attendant
at mass ; the latter employed more of her time in the perusal of books, or in
carrying on a correspondence with the friends of the family in France.
Arthur's Seat and the King's Park afforded many a solitary walk to the
exiled party, and they seemed much delighted with their residence. It was
evident from the first that Charles, when he sought the shores of Scotland,
intended to make Holyrood House his home j and it may be imagined how
keenly he felt, on finding himself, after a residence of nearly two years, under
the necessity of removing to another country. Full of the recollection of
former days, which time had not effaced from his memory, he said he had
anticipated spending the remainder of his days in the Scottish capital, and
laying his bones amongst the dust of our ancient kings in the Chapel of
Holyrood.
. The unexpected departure of Charles and his suite is ascribed to a remonstrance
addressed by Louis Philippe to the British Government, which, having
recognised the latter as King of the French, felt it necessary to discountenance
the foreign correspondence alleged to have been carried on by the royal
inmates of Holyrood. The order, though couched in polite language, is under

... in carrying on a correspondence with the friends of the family in France . Arthur's Seat and the King's ...

Book 9 p. 269
(Score 0.7)

450
of the " Arteries of the Human Body," both of which are inestimable performances.
The last work he lived to publish was an " Inquiry into the
Opinions, Ancient and Modern, concerning Life and Organisation"-a subject
which had formed liis thesis on taking the degree of M.D. He left several
unfinished manuscripts, particularly the biographies of Aristotle and Harvey.
Dr. Barclay married, in 1811, Eleanor Campbell, daughter of Sir James
Campbell of Aberuchill, by whom he had no issue. This lady afterwards
married Charles Oliphant, Esq., W.S.
Of the late DR. GREGORY-who is urging his friend to proceed and
'' fear nothing"-a memoir has already appeared in volume i., page 339.
DR. THOMAS CHARLES HOPE, Professor of Chemistry in the University
of Edinburgh, was the third son of Dr. John Hope (of whom a portrait
and memoir have been given), for many years Professor of Botany in the
University, and founder of the Edinburgh Botanical Gardens. Dr. Thomas
Hope was born in 1'166. He commenced his attendance at the High School
of Edinburgh in 17'12; and in 1779 entered upon his studies in the University,
where he graduated in 1787. In October of that year he was
appointed to the Chemical Chair in the University of Glasgow ; and, proceeding
to France in the course of the following summer, passed a short season
in the capital of that country. In 1'189 he became Assistant-Professor of
Medicine in the Glasgow College, and taught at same time chemistry and the
theory and practice of physic. He afterwards succeeded to the chair as sole
Professor of Medicine, and relinquished the chemical department.
In October 1795 Dr. Hope was elected conjunct Professor of Chemistry
with the celebrated Dr. Black, in the University of Edinburgh, on whose death,
in 1799, he became sole Professor. Dr. Hope had thus been engaged for upwards
of half a century in the arduous duties of imparting instruction in an
important branch of science ; and it may be stated, without fear of contradiction,
that he was decidedly one of the best teachers of chemistry of his day.
Of the estimation in which he was held he received a gratifying proof in
an entertainment given him on completing the fifty-first year of his academic
labours. The meeting took place in the Assembly Rooms, on the evening of
Tuesday, 15th May 1838, and was attended by more than two hundred
gentlemen of rank and learning. Lord Meadowbank was in the chair; and
from the speech of his lordship, in proposing the health of Dr. Hope, we quote
the following particulars :-
'' My honourable friend in the same way (alluding to his predecessors, Cullen and Black)
began his public career as a public lecturer in the University of Glasgow in the year 1787, and he
very soon had an opportunity of exhibiting his peculiar sagacity and penetration, by new
theories and discoveries, by his readily distinguishing that which was tnie from that which was
erroneous ; and thoroughly regardless of the reputation which he might immediately possessconfident
in his own opinion-he disregarded the sneers, the doubts, and the difficulties of
those who surrounded him, and openly taught what he believed to be true. [His lordship here
referred to the dispute respecting the phlogistic and anti-phlogistic theories, and to Dr. Hope
openly espousing the latter, when it had not another public or professorial advocate in Great
Britain.] In 1795 (he continued) Dr. Hope was brought to Edinburgh; but before that he
B I 0 G RAP I1 I CA L S K ET C HE S.

... that year he was appointed to the Chemical Chair in the University of Glasgow ; and, proceeding to France in ...

Book 9 p. 601
(Score 0.7)

64 MEMORIALS OF EDINBURGH.
including the Earls of Argyle and Glencairn, and the Lord James Stewart. The place of
meeting was the Quarry Holes, or as it is not inappropriately styled by the writers of the
time, the Quarrel Holes ; a famous place of meeting for duels and private rencontres, at
the east end of the Calton Hill, in the immediate neighbourhood of the Palace of Holyrood-
and there the two first-named Earls engaged, that should the Regent fail to fulfil
the conditions of agreement, and especially that of the dismissal of the French troops, they
would willingly join forces with them to enforce their fulfilment.‘
Although the main body of the reformers had withdrawn from
Edinburgh, Nome of the leaders continued to reside there, and the
people refused to yield up St Giles’s Church to be again used for
means, to recover it. She had already received notice of further
assistance coming from France, and did not choose to provoke a
quarrel till thus reinforced. As one means of driving them from
the church, the French soldiers made it a place of promenade during
the time of service, to the great disturbance of the Congregation. But though the preacher,
Mr Willocks, denounced them in no measured terms from the pulpit, and publicly prayed
God to rid them of guch locusts, the people prudently avoided an open rupture, (‘ except
that a horned cap was taken off a proud priest’s head, and cut in four quarters, because
he said he would wear it in spite of the Congregation.”
In the month of September 1559, Sir Ralph Sadler arrived at Berwick from Queen
Elizabeth, and entered into secret negotiations with the reformers, paying over to them,
for their immediate use, the sum of two thousand pounds, with the promise of further
pecuniary assistance, for the purpose of expelling the French from Scotland, so that it
could be managed with such secrecy as not to interfere with the public treaties between
the two nations.
The Queen had
already received a reinforcement of a thousand French troops, who disembarked at Leith
in the end of August, and with their aid she immediately proceeded to enlarge and complete
the fortifications of that port, while she renewed her entreaties to the French Court
for further aid.
Shortly after, the Bishop of Amiens arrived at Edinburgh, aN legate from the Pope, and
earnestly laboured to reconcile the reformers to the Church ; but any little influence he
might possibly have had, was destroyed in their eyes by the discovery that he had arrived
in company with a second body of French auxiliaries.
The Congregation at length marched to Edinburgh, towards the end of October, with
a force amounting to twelve thousand men, resolved to dislodge the French garrison from
Leith ; and the same day the Regent hastily retreated from Holyrood Palace, and took up
her residence within the protection of the fortifications at Leith.
The Congregation proceeded in the most systematic manner,-conmittees were chosen
for the direction of civil and religious affairs, and a letter was immediately addressed to the
,
I the service of the mass, although the Regent sought, by various
The preparations for war were now diligently pursued by both parties.
* Bishop Keith, vol. i. p. 224. * Calderwood, vol. i. p. 502.
VIQNETTE--COFbel from the old south door of St ailea’a Church.

... received notice of further assistance coming from France , and did not choose to provoke a quarrel till ...

Book 10 p. 69
(Score 0.69)

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 129
he married, and abandoning the idea of India, embarked in the excellent
business left by his father-in-law. The death of his wife, however, which took
place soon after their mam-age, at Paris, whither he had taken her for the
recovery of her health, again altered Bruce’s destiny. Deeply affected by her
loss, he first devolved the cares of his business on his partner, and soon afterwards
withdrew from the concern altogether.
Some time subsequent to these occurrences, Bruce had become acquainted
with Lord Halifax, who suggested to him that his talents might be successfully
exerted in making discoveries in Africa; and, to give him every facility, his
Lordship proposed to appoint him consul at Algiers. He repaired to his post in
1763, where he employed himself a year in the study of the Oriental languages ;
and this appointment was the first step to the discovery of the source of the Nile.
As our readers must be familiar with the perilous adventures of this traveller,
as kpicted by himself in one of the most entertaining works in our language, it
would be altogether idle to attempt any abridgment of them. After many
hair-breadth escapes, and overcoming many difEculties both by sea and land,
Bruce returned in safety to Marseilles in March 1773, and was received with
marked consideration at the French court.’
On his arrival in Great Britain he had an audience of George the Third,
to whom he presented drawings of Palmyra, Baalbec, and other cities, with
which he had promised to furnish his Majesty previous to his departure. It had
been insinuated that Mr. Bruce was an indifferent draughtsman, and that the
drawings which he had brought home were not done by himself, but by the artist
he had taken along with him. This charge was perfectly untrue, although it
derived some countenance from his declining to comply with a request of the
King, that he should draw Kew. When he had submitted the above-mentioned
draughts, his majesty said, “ Very well, very well, Bruce ; the colours are fine,
very fine-you must make me o n e y e s ; you must make me one of Kew 1’’
Bruce evaded compliance by saying, “ I would with the greatest pleasure obey
your Majesty, but here I cannot get such colours.”
It was not until seventeen years after his return to Europe, that he gave
that work to the world which has perpetuated his name. It appeared in 1790,
and consisted of four large quarto volumes, besides a volume of illustrations, and
was entitled, “Travels to Discover the Source of the Nile, in the years
1768-69-70-71-72-73. By James Bruce of Kinnaird, Esq., F.R.S.”’
There is in the museum at Kmnaird a very fine quadrant, with an inscription, as a present from
the King of France. Mr. Bruce retained such a strong remembrance of the kindness shown hini
by Louis XVI., that when he heard of the King’s tragical end, in January 1793, his feelings were
so much overpowered that he cried like a child.
a The long interval that elapsed between the period of his return and the publication of his
travels had induced many people to pretend that he had nothing worth while communicating to the
world. This malicious report was mentioned to him by a friend. He replied, “James, let Ihm say,
as my maternal grand-aunt said. You have,” continued he, “no doubt seen that inscription upon
Airth-are you acquainted with its oringin?”-“No,” was the rejoinder. “Then,” said he,
“I’ll tell you. My grand-uncle was amongst others a great sufferer during the Usurpation, and,
owing to his adherence to the Stuarts, was obliged to fly to Sweden. His wife, by her judicious
S

... with an inscription, as a present from the King of France . Mr. Bruce retained such a strong remembrance of ...

Book 8 p. 187
(Score 0.69)

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 42 1
tions of teaching and farming. He died from the consequences of an injury
which he had received inadvertently in the right thumb at dinner. He left a
family of three sons and three daughters. Of the former, Louis became the
Founder of the Hospital; Joseph was a Writer to the Signet in Edinburgh, and
eminent in his profession ;I and Alexander died in his youth. Of the latter,
Jean assisted her brother for several years in hearing the lessons of the female
pupils; Minny was his housekeeper; whilst Margaret was married to a Mr.
Morrison at Milnathort.
The subject of this memoir at a very early age made choice of his father’s
profession. He was educated at the High School and College of Edinburgh ;
and, for some time before his father’s death, had been in the habit of acting as
his assistant, When that event took place he decided upon continuing the
school for the benefit of the family. Shortly afterwards he went to France, to
complete his knowledge of the language and its pronunciation, and prosecuted
his studies for two years in the University of Paris, during which time Mr.
Moffat taught his classes in Edinburgh. Thus qualified for his task, he commanded,
for a series of years, better filled classes than have fallen to the lot of
any teacher of French in Edinburgh. Without attempting any delineation of
his peculiar mode of imparting instruction, suffice it to say that he possessed
such an extraordinary energy of mind and vigour of body, that first-rate teachers
of the present day, who have studied under him, acknowledge that, within a
similar period of time, no one in their experience ever taught so much, or SO
well. The history of his labours in private and public teaching, and of the early
difficulties he had to struggle with, contains much that would be both interesting
and instructive; but it may be enough to state that his whole time was
devoted to his profession-that he laboured in it with the greatest assiduity and
industry for the greater part of his lifetime, from eight o’clock in the morning
till nine at night, except on Saturdays, the afternoons of which were devoted to
relaxation and hospitality-and that he retired from business in 1817 or 1818,
after having realised, by his own exertions, a handsome fortune. For nearly
twenty years before relinquishing his scholastic labours, he, in imitation of his
father, rented a large farm in the parish of Duddingston, which he managed
with great skill, and where he resided during summer. In the winter months
he resided in town, and regularly visited his farm on the Saturday ; but during
the rest of the year he personally directed the operations, morning and evening,
rising regularly at four o’clock in the morning. The farm-house, now termed
Woodlands, in the immediate vicinity of the Hospital, has been greatly enlarged
since he left it, and is at present (1838) occupied by Alexander Smith, Esq.,
W.S. During Mr. Cauvin’s occupation of the farm, he erected the house of
Louisfield, which how forms the centre part of the Hospital.
This gentleman married Miss Esther Cunningham, daughter of Dr. Harry Cunningham. This
lady mixed a great deal in the fashionable world in Edinburgh at the commencement of the preaent
century, and was satirised somewhat severely, under the name of Mra Ravine, in a curious novel, in
three volumes, entitled, “A Winter in Edinburgh.” She predeceased her hwband, leaving no
children.

... the benefit of the family. Shortly afterwards he went to France , to complete his knowledge of the language and ...

Book 9 p. 564
(Score 0.69)

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 349
No. CCLXXXVI.
LIEUT.-GENERAL VYSE,
IN CONMAND OF THE FORCES IN SCOTLAND.
RICHARDV YsE-son of Archdeacon Vyse, by his marriage with a daughter
of Dr. Richard Smalbroke, Bishop of Lichfield and Coventry-was born in
1747. He joined the army at an early period of life, and was for many
years a Captain in the Royal Irish Dragoons. In 1784 he was promoted
to the Lieut.-Colonelcy of the 1st Dragoon Guards, of which regiment he
became Colonel in 1790, and rose to the rank of Major-General in 1794.
Under the Duke of York, he served against the Republican forces of France
during the campaigns in Flanders, and was present at the affair of Nimeguen
in Holland.
In 1799 Major-General Vyse, then Colonel of the 29th Light Dragoons,
was appointed one of the Major-Generals of the Staff in Scotland, under Sir
Ralph Abercromby; on whose departure, in the expedition to Egypt, General
Vyse succeeded, as Lieut.-General, to the command of the Forces. In this
capacity he acquitted himself with much spirit-highly esteemed by all who
had the pleasure of his acquaintance, as a thorough gentleman, not more in
manners than in high-minded principles and rectitude of conduct. He had
the reputation of being an excellent cavalry officer, and was considered a proficient
in military matters generally.
To the discipline of the troops under his command he paid unremitting
attention and was enthusiastic in the exercise of field-manoeuvres and mock-
When the Lochiel Highlanders lay in Falkirk, immediately after being raised, they were inspected
by General Vyse. Sir Ralph Abercromby being present, Cameron, the Chief of Lochiel,
waa no doubt proud to show such a really h e body of men to his father-in-law. Although ostensibly
composed of Camerons, there were enrolled in the ranks of the corps not merely Lowlanders, but
English and Irish ; and some laughable attempts at fraud, in endeavouring to pass inspection, are
remembered ; but, unless disabled, few objections mere made, although Scotsmen in general found
a preference. “ From FaUrirk
yir honour, this morning.” His brogue betraying him, the General demanded to know how he came
over ? “Sure I didn’t come in a wheelbarrow ! ” The rising choler of the iuspecting officer was
speedily soothed by the milder tact of Sir Ralph, who, seeing the man a fit recruit, laughed heartily
and he rn passed.-It deserves to be mentioned that on this occasion, during his stay in Falkirk,
the future hero of Aboukir took up his residence with the son of hia late father’s gardener at
Tillibody, Mr. James Walker, a merchant in the town, and long known for hi agricultural skill,
aa “ The Stirlingshire Farmer.” Sir Ralph delighted, after dinner, to recall the incidents of their
boyhood, when he and Mr. Walker, with their brothers, were at school together. He had previously
shown the attachment of former days to a younger brother of Mr,. Walker, during the struggle for
liberty between America and the mother countiy. These kindly and benevolent traib easily explain
why Sir Ralph Abercromby was persoually so dear to all who knew him.
“ Where are yozl from P” said Vyse to an equivocal-looking fellow.

... Duke of York, he served against the Republican forces of France during the campaigns in Flanders, and was present ...

Book 9 p. 464
(Score 0.69)

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 34 3
we suppose the mistake of a figure, might be assumed as the occurrence referred
to; and, in 1550, a small squadron of ships having been brought to anchor at
Newhaven, the Queen Dowager embarked from thence on a visit to her daughter
in France.
The Society of Newhaven Fishermen, which serves the purpose of a benefit
society, while at the same time it protects the civil rights of its members, was
instituted by a charter from James the Sixth.’ The members number some-
There about two hundred and sixty. A noble feature in the character of the
Newhaven men is their sturdy independence of spirit, and the mspect which
they enforce as due to old age. Members
above sixty years of age are exempted from all burdens cannected with the
Society, without depriving them of any of its privileges. Every aged pauper,
if he fulfils the letter of the regulations so far as to appear on the ahare at the
landing of a boat, whether he lend his assistance or not, is entitled to a small
allowance from the produce. Even in their jollifications the aged are treated
with the utmost c%re by the younger portion of the canvivial party, a certain
number of whom are appointed, on great occasions, tcr observe when the old
fellows are sufficiently in their cups, and to see them conveyed safely home and
put to bed. On the annual choosing of office - bearers for the Society, the
newly elected box-holder, as he is called, treats the d d men to a dinner and
drink, when the veterans usually eujoy themselves pretty freely. On an occ*
sion of this kind, some years ago, the unit& ages of the five individuals who sat
at the convivial board amounted to four hundred and thirty years.
Though not greatly famed for their knowledge of books, sacred or profane, the
people of Newhaven have long maintained a church-going reputation. “Within
the bounds of the parish of North Leith,” says the author of a History of Leith,
“ the old church, in Dr. Johnston’s time, was much frequented by the primitive
natives of that celebrated village, who, being naturally gregarious, generally
formed the majority of its congregation, in which they constituted a marked
and not unpleasing feature ; nay, it was a sight of no ordinary interest to see
the stern and weather-beaten faces of these hardy seamen subdued, by the
influence of religious feeling, into an expression of deep reverence and humility
before their God. Their devotion seemed to have acquired an additional solemnity
of character from a consciousness of the peculiarly hazardous nature of
their occupation, which, throwing them immediately and sensibly on the protection
of their Creator every day of their lives, had imbued them with a deep
sense of gratitude to that Being, whose outstretched arm had conducted their
little bark in safety through a hundred storms. The fishermen of Newhaven
and their families were always looked upon by their worthy pastor with peculiar
kindness. He considered them in an especial manner under his charge and
protection, and accordingly treated them on all occasions with the most marked
They maintain their own poor.
1 Owing to varioua doubtful claims, the fishermen have, in more instances than one, been
obliged to resort to legal measures. Some of their law-suits were not likely to be decided 80 long
as the funds of the Society were nnexhausted.

... embarked from thence on a visit to her daughter in France . The Society of Newhaven Fishermen, which serves ...

Book 9 p. 455
(Score 0.68)

70 MEMORIALS OF EDINBURGH.
meanwhile, the deacons of the corporations were summoned to the rescue of the Provost
and Bailies, ‘‘ but they past to their four-hour’s penny, or afternoon’s pint,’’ returning for
answer, that since tiley wilt de magistrates alone, let them rule alone!
The Provost was compelled at last to seek the mediation of the Governor of the
Castle, but the rioters did not disperse, nor permit the magistrates to escape from durance,
until after nine o’clock at night, when a public proclamation was made at the Cross,
engaging that they should not pursue any one for that day’s work.’
On the 19th of August 1561, Queen Mary landed at Leith, where she was received
by the Lord James, her natural brother, and many of the chief nubility; and conveyed
in state to the Abbey of Holyrood House. On the news of her arrival, the nobility and
leaders, without distinction of party, crowded to Edinburgh, to congratulate her on her
return to her native land, and tender their homage and service, while the people
testified their pleasure by bonfires and music, and other popular demonstrations of
rejoicing.
Magnificent entertainments were provided by the town of Edinburgh, as well as by
the chief nobility, and everything waa done on her arrival to assure her of the perfect
loyalty and affection of her subjects ; yet, if we may believe Brantome, an eye-witness, the
Queen could not help contrasting, with a sigh, the inferiority of the national displays on
her arrival, when contrasted with the gorgeous pageants to which she had been accustomed
at the Court of France.’
Contrary to what had been anticipated, the Queen received the Lord James into special
favour, and admitted him to the chief control in all public affairs ; but notwithstanding
the countenance shown to him, and other leaders of the Congregation, the religious
differences speedily led to dissensions between the Queen and the people. All toleration
had been denied to those who still adhered to the old faith, and both priests and laymen
were strictly enjoined by the magistrates of Edinburgh to attend the services of the
Protestant Chrches. Some of them, instead of joining in the worship, had availed
themselves of this compulsory attendance to unsettle the faith of recent converts, on
which account they were ordered by proclamation to depart from the city within
forty-eight hours. The Queen remonstrated without effect, and the proclamation was
renewed with increased rigour; whereupon she addressed a letter to the Council and
community of Edinburgh, commanding them to assemble in the Tolbooth, and
choose other magistrates in their stead. The Council obeyed her commands, without
waiting to learn whom she would recommend for their successors,-a procedure
which excited her indignation little less than the contempt of the magistrates she
had deposed.’
Shortly after this, Knox visited the Queen at Holyrood, and had a long interview
with her, during which he moved her to tears by,the vehemence of his exhortations.
The Lord James and other two courtiers were present, but they withdrew sufficiently
to permit of perfect privacy in this first conference between the Reformer and Queen
Mary. The interview was long, and the Queen s&ciently patient under his very plain
spoken rebukes and exhortations, but they parted in the same mind as they had met;
Diurnal of Occurrents, p. 284,5. Knox’s History of the Reforniation, 4to, p. 253, where the culprit ia styled Balon.
* Brantome, vol. 5. p. 123. Tgtler, vol. vi. Council Register, Oct. 8, 1561. Maitland, p. 21.

... to which she had been accustomed at the Court of France .’ Contrary to what had been anticipated, the ...

Book 10 p. 76
(Score 0.68)

20 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.
mutual improvement in public speaking, formed themselves into a debating
club, called the Speculative fiociety, which met in one of therooms of the College.
This association soon became more extensive, and assumed an aspect of
stability and eminence, which it still continues to maintain. Mr. Maconochie
was then in his seventeenth year, and his associates were all nearly of a
similar age.’
In 1768, after having completed his studies at the University, he went to
the Continent, and resided some time at Paris. On his return the following
yea?, he entered himself a student at Lincoln’s Inn, and kept several termshis
object being to attend the Court of King’s Bench, in order to observe the
decisions of the great Lord Mansfield.
Retnrning to Scotland, Mr. Maconochie was admitted a member of the
Faculty of Advocates upon the 8th of December 1770 ja but, being still desirous
of increasing his general and practical knowledge, he soon after made a second
journey to France, where he remained till 1773. During his stay there he
chiefly resided at Rheims; but the greater portion of his time was spent in
visiting various parts of the country.
In 1774 he married Elizabeth, daughter of Robert Wellwood, Esq., of
Garvock, in the county of Fife. Through the influence of this connection it
is supposed he owed his return to the General Assembly of that year, as layrepresentative
of the burgh of Dunfermline-a point of considerable importance
to a young barrister j as, should he be fortunate enough to make a successful
debut in the ecclesiastical court, his future success is generally looked upon
as certain.a
From this period the reputation of Mr. Maconochie began gradually to be
established. In addition to the practice of law, and a thorough acquaintance
with the Statute-book, he had studied deeply the philosophy of law ; and such
was the character which his talents and acquirements had secured for him, that,
in 1779,’ on the resignation of Mr. Balfour, he was elected Professor of the
Law of Nature and Nations in the University of Edinburgh. Much to the
regret of the public, however, he gave lectures only during two sessions, his
It is curious to notice the contemptuous opinion entertained of the Speculative Society at its
commencement. For instance, one publication says-“ A trifling club is set up under the name of
the SpeculatiTe Society.”
He was examined on Tit. xiv. Lib. xxxvii. Pand. de jure Patronatus, and found “sufficiently
qualXed.”-MX. Miiiutm of Fac. of Advocates.
Probably the earliest appearance made by the subject of this sketch waa in the important case
of Hinton w. Donaldson and others, in which his father was mandatory for the pursuer, where the
question of copyright, and the exclusive right of authors to their works, was discussed. The six
counsel for the parties were heard at great length before the whole Court, and Mr. Maconochie distinguished
himself on this occasion a8 an able pleader. The Court, with the exception of Lord
Monboddo, was against the claims advanced for the authors ; and, on the 28th of July 1773, decided
against Hinton. A Report of the Speeches of the Judges was printed by James Boswell (afterwards
the biographer of Johnson), one of the counsel for the defenders. ‘ On the 18th December 1779, upon the resignation of Mr. James Balfour, Mr. Maconochie was
elected treasurer of the Faculty of Advocates.
Edinburgh, 1774. &o.

... knowledge, he soon after made a second journey to France , where he remained till 1773. During his stay ...

Book 9 p. 26
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BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 51
No. CLXXXIX.
SIR JAMES CAMPBELL, BART., OF . ARDKINGLASS.
THIS veteran soldier, who assumed the name of Campbell on succeeding to
the title and estate of his maternal grandfather, was the son of Sir James Livingstone,
Bart., whose father was the Earl of Callander, and his mother the eldest
daughter of Sir James Campbell of Ardkinglass-an old baronial residence on
the banks of Loch Fine.
SIR JAMELSIV INGSTOCNAEM PBELeLn tered the army early in life ; fought
under the Duke of Cumberland in the Netherlands; and, at the battle of
Lafeldt, commanded the 25th Regiment of Foot. He subsequently served in
America during the Canadian war, and was wounded in the leg, which rendered
him lame for life.
In 1778, when the Western Fencible Regiment was raised by the Duke of
Argyle and the Earl of Eglinton, Sir James was appointed Lieutenant-Colonel,
and he held the commission until the corps was disbanded in 1783. He was
also Governor of Stirling Castle.
Sir James was small in stature, but of a military appearance. He died at
Gargunnock in 1788, and was succeeded by his son, Sir Alexander, on whose
death in 1810, the estate descended to the next heir of entail, Colonel James
Callander; the eldest son of John Callander, Esq., of Craigforth-a Scottish
antiquary of some eminence.
We had occasion to notice this gentleman in a former article. When the succession opened to
him, he waa resident in France ; and, having been detained by Napoleon, he sent a lady, Madame
Lina Talina Sassen, as his commissioner to Scotland. In the instrument by which she was appointed,
she was designed his “beloved wife ; ” and under that character was received in society. But
when the new proprietor of Ardkinglass made his appearance in propria peTsonu, he disclaimed the
marriage, declaring that the instrument had been fmpetrated from him by intimidation. The resnlt
was, a suit at the instance of.the lady, in which, although the Judgea found the marriage not
proven, they awarded her a sum of S300 per annum, as a reparation for the deceit practised by
him, and the damage sustained by her. Sir James appealed to the House of Lords, and the
judgment was reversed; but Madame Sassen, having been admitted to sue in f mpau peris,
raiaed suit upon suit against the deceiver, and continued to keep her opponent in hot water for the
remainder of their respective lives.
, For several years during the sitting of the Court, thia singular person waa either in attendance
in the Outer House, or in one of the galleries of the Inner, where she waa always on the outlook to
see that no advantage was taken in any of her cases ; for she distrusted both agents, counsel, and
judges. She annoyed the former not unfrequently by visiting them half-a-dozen times aa day.
When once she had effected a lodgment, there waa no gettiig rid of her. An eminent barrister,
afterwards a judge, who had the misfortune to be one of her counsel, was besieged by her in hia
bed-Noin for nearly an hour, and at last was obliged tu effect his escape through the window by
mesne of 8 ladder. Though a foreigner, she had acquired a tolerable idea of the Scottish forms of
legal procedure, and not nnfreqnently used to suggest very ingenious views of her cases ; but she
was very obstinate. So much so, that although latterly she had tired her pseudo husband into a

... When the succession opened to him, he waa resident in France ; and, having been detained by Napoleon, he sent a ...

Book 9 p. 69
(Score 0.68)

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 38 1
Esq. of Woodhouselee.’ He was born in Edinburgh in 1747, where he attended
the High School for five years, and afterwards studied at a seminary in Kensington,
taught by Mr. Elphinstone, a man of reputed learning. Here he made rapid
progress in the classics, and distinguished himself in the attainment of various
accomplishments ; among which drawing and music-tastes he had early imbibed
-were not forgotten. On his return to his native city, about 1765, Mr. Tytler
entered on his professional studies at the University ; and in 1770 was called
to the bar. The following year he went on a tour to France, in company with
his cousin, the late James Ker, Esq., of Blackshiels. Through his father, Mr.
Tytler had been early introduced to literary society in Edinburgh. The friendship
of one so much his senior as Lord Kames, on whose suggestion he undertook
a supplementary volume of the Dictionary of Decisions, was in the highest degree
flattering. This work, which he executed with great ability, laid the foundation
of his future reputation. It was afterwards enlarged, and published as the third
and fourth volumes of the Dictionary.
In 1780 he was appointed Joint-Professor of Universal History in the
University of Edinburgh j and on the death of Mr. Pringle, in 1786, became
sole Professor. His lectures, embracing a much wider range than had previously
been deemed necessary for mere professional purposes, proved so generally popular,
that he was induced to publish an abridgment of them, first in 1782, and
subsequently, in a more extended form, under the title of ‘c Elements of General
History.”’
The literary labours in which Mr. Tytler now engaged were of a multifarious
nature. Although his name does not appear as one of the “ Mirror Club,” he
was intimately acquainted with almost all the members, and contributed both
to the Mirror and Lounger a number of lively and interesting articles. These,
it is said, were mostly written at inns, where he happened to be detained
occasionally on his journeys. Having become a member of the Royal Society
on its institution, he was elected one of the Secretaries ; and throughout a series
of years continued to interest himself deeply in its management. He was the
author of several valuable papers read to the Society, and lent no inconsiderable
aid in drawing up the yearly account of its Transactions.
An ‘‘ Essay on the Principles of Translation,” published anonymously by
Mr. Tytler, attracted an unusual degree of public notice, from a correspondence
which ensued between Dr. Campbell, Principal of Marischal College, Aberdeen,
Author of the “Inquiry, Historical and Critical, into the Evidence against Mary Queen of
Scota,” and of an excellent “Treatise on Scots Mwic,” and several other works, illustrative of the
Antiquities and Literature of Scotland. He was much celebrated for hia taste in music and painting.
He resided :m New Street (then called Young Street), Canongate.
It is rather a curious fact, that in this work the Jewish History in altogether omitted. The
Lectures were afterwards published by his eldest son, and his immediate e u m o r in the chair
(William Fraser Tytler, Esq. of Balnain, Vice-Lieutenant and Sheriff of Inverness-shire), under the
title of “Universal History, from the Creation of the World to the beginning of the Eighteenth
Centiiry.” 1834, 6 vols. 121no. The work formed part of the senm of Murray’a Family
Library.

... the bar. The following year he went on a tour to France , in company with his cousin, the late James Ker, ...

Book 9 p. 510
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BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.
No. CCXIV,
THE RIGHT HON. THE EARL OF EGLINTON,
WHEN MAJOR OF LORD FREDERICK CAMPBELL’S REGIMENT OF FENCIBLES.
185
HUGHM ONTWMERIEtw, elfth Earl of Eglinton, was the eldest son of Alexander
Montgomerie of Coilsfield.’ He was born about the year 1740, and
entered the army so early as 1755, as an ensign in Lieutenant-General Skelton’s
Regiment of Foot. He served in America during the greater part of the
Seven Years’ War, where he acquired the reputatioh of a brave soldier, and was
fourteen years Captain of a company of the First or Royal Regiment of Foot.’
At the breaking out of hostilities with France, in 1778, he was appointed
Major in Lord Frederick Campbell’s Regiment of Fencibles? which was raised
in the counties of Argyle, Bute, Dumbarton, Renfrew, Lanark, and Ayr, and
of which Lord Frederick was Colonel.
In 1780, at the general election, the Major was chosen Member of Parliament
for the county of Ayr, in opposition to Sir Adam Fergusson of IGlkerran,
1 A branch of the house of Eglinton, descended from Alexander, the sixth Earl, better known by
the expressive appellation of Graysteel. He was of the Seton family (one of the most ancient and
widely connected in Scotland), but in consequence of his mother Mafgaret being the heiress of line
of the Montgomeries, Earl Hugh (whom he succeeded) executed an entail in his favour ; and, having
taken the name of Montgomerie, he was (through the influence of hi8 uncle, the Earl of Dunfermline,
who was Lord Chancellor, and of Lord Binning, afterwards Earl of Melrose and Haddington), allowed
the earldom by James the First. In the civil wars he supported the popular party, but was greatly
opposed to the execution of Charles the First, He died 7th January 1661, aged seventy-three.
The subject of this menioir was descended from Colonel James Montgomerie, fourth son of Earl
Alexander.
9 His lordship told mauy interesting anecdotes of the American campaign-among others, the
following of Sir Ralph Ahercromby. That celebrated commander was leading an assault, at which
his lordship was present, upon an American fort, when, as they approached, the enemy suddenly
opened a tremendous fire on the assailants, who, for a moment were confounded, and stood still.
Sir Ralph marched on unmoved ; but not hearing the tramp of the column behind, he turned round
as the smoke of the stunning volley was clearing away, aud pointing to the fort with his sword,
exclaimed-“ What ! am I to take the place myself?” The response was a hearty cheer, and a
furious rush updn the enemy, by which the fort was carried.
At the same onset the gallant commander was followed by a tall captain and a short lieutenant,
both of the name of M‘Donald. The former waa unfortunately shot in the breast ; and he reeled
back upon the latter to measure himself with the earth, and finish his career of glory. The brave
lieutenant, who had not observed the fatal cause of this retrograde movement, and fearing the
courage of his clansman had given way, seized him by the coat, and in a half whisper cried in his
em-“ Remember your name is M‘Donald.”
This regiment was raised under the joint influence of the Argyle and Eglinton families, the
latter having the nomination of officers for two companies-of one of which the last Earl of Glencairn
(on whose death Burns wrote the “ Bard‘s Lament ”) was appointed Captain.

... of Foot.’ At the breaking out of hostilities with France , in 1778, he was appointed Major in Lord ...

Book 9 p. 168
(Score 0.67)

454 BI 0 GRAPHICAL SKETCHES.
specimens brought home, a sketch of the geology of the different coasts disy
covered and touched upon by our enterprising navigators, which was published,
together with the botanical observations of his friends Brown and Hooker, and
formed the scientific companion to Parry’s interesting narrative.”
During the thirty-four years of his Professorship Mr. Jarneson had the
honour of sending forth from his class-room many pupils who afterwards
acquired a name in the world; and not a few of whom filled distinguished
places in the seminaries and scientific institutions of Europe. It wonld be
tedious to enumerate a tithe of these illustrious names ; but among others may
be mentioned-Dr. Flitton, late President of the Geological Society of London ;
Sir George Mackenzie, author of “ Travels in Iceland ;” Dr. Boue, President
of the Geological Society of France ; Dr. Daubeny, Professor of Chemistry at
Oxford; Dr. Grant, Professor of Zoology in the University of London; Dr.
Turner, Professor of Chemistry in the same seminary ; Dr. Hibbert, author of
the “ History of the Shetland Isles,” etc. etc.
Professor Jameson, equally respected at home and abroad, was connected,
lionorarily or otherwise, with almost every society for the promotion of natural
history throughout the world. He was a fellow of the Royal Societies of
London and Edinburgh ; President of the Wernerian, and fellow of the Antiquarian,
Koyal-Medical, Royal-Physical, Plinian, Highland, and Horticultural
Societies of Edinburgh ; honorary member of the Royal Irish Academy, and
of the Royal Society of Dublin; fellow of the Royal LinnEan, and Royal
Geological Societies of London; honorary member of the Asiatic Society of
Calcutta, etc. etc.’ .
ROBERT JOHNSTON, Esq., the extreme figure to the right, behind
Professor Jameson, was an active, public-minded citizen. His father, Robert
Johnston, at one period a banker, but latterly a grocer on the North Bridge,
and his uncle, the late Dr. Johnston, minister of North Leith, have both been
described in a previous part of this Work. Mr. Johnston was born in 1765.
Though not destined for any of the learned professions, he received an excellent
education, and possessed a taste and extent of information decidedly
superior to the generality of men in a mercantile sphere of life.’ On the death
of his father he succeeded to the business, which he carried on throughout a
period of nearly forty years with considerable success.
Mr. Johnston first became a member of the Town-Council in 1810, and was
elected one of the Bailies in 1812. In 1814 he was chosen Dean of Guild,
the duties of which office he discharged in an efficient manner, effecting many
improvements throughout the city, even in districts beyond the proper range of
Professor Jameson died at Edinburgh on 17th April 1854, in the fiftieth year of his Professor-
An inteiwting memoir of him by his son, Laurence Jame-
His bust by Sir
He was a member of the Antiquarian Society, and on terms of intimacy with Sir Walter Scott,
Sir Walter presented him
ship, and the eightieth year of his age.
son, was published in the “ Edinburgh New Philosophical Journal for July 1854.
John Steel1 may be seen in the University library.
whose school-fellow he had been, and by whom he was highly respected.
with a copy of hi8 poetical works, accoinpanied by a very flattering letter.

... ;” Dr. Boue, President of the Geological Society of France ; Dr. Daubeny, Professor of Chemistry at Oxford; ...

Book 9 p. 605
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BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 201
stood to have been imperative, namely, either to discontinue all political
intercourse, or leave the British dominions. The ex-king felt inclined to submit
to these hard conditions rather than seek an asylum elsewhere; but the
Duchesse d’Angoul.eme, and other members of the family, were indignant at a
proceeding which they deemed equally inhospitable and insulting ; whilst the
cold and almost repulsive reception given to the Duc de Blacas in London, led
them to regard this as the forerunner of some measure of a still harsher
kind. In these circumstances, they decided to accept the kind invitation of the
Emperor of Austria to take up their abode in one of the imperial palaces near
Ratisbon.
When it became known that the royal exiles were on the eve of their
departure from Edinburgh, a general feeling of regret was manifested by the
inhabitants. Charles had intended embarking early in September 1832 ; but,
in daily expectation of a Government yacht, which had been promised to carry
him to Haniburgh, a delay of several weeks occurred ; and at length, despairing
of the fulfilment of a promise which had evidently been reluctantly given, he
engaged the United Kingdom steam-ship for the voyage.’
Tuesday, the eighteenth of September, having been fixed for his Majesty’s
departure, various methods were adopted by the citizens to show their respect
for the fallen Sovereign, whose private virtues had dignified and even ennobled
his misfortunes. On the Saturday previous, the tradesmen who had been
employed by the ex-royal family entertained the members of the household at
dinner in Millar’s tavern, Abbey. In reply to the expressions of regret for their
departure, the Frenchmen said “they regretted the separation, the more especially
as they had just been long enough here to form friendships, which were now to
be torn asunder. If they did not return to France, there was no place on the
face of the earth where they would be more anxious to remain than at Edinburgh.”
On Monday an address from a considerable portion of the inhabitants was
presented to Charles X. by Eailie Small and the Rev. Mr. Badenoch? expressive
of the sentiments they entertained of the “ urbanity, beneficence, and virtuous
conduct manifested by his Majesty and the distinguished personages attached
to his suite during their residence in Edinburgh.” Charles was much affected,
and in a few sentences expressed the gratification he felt in receiving such a
mark of respect from the citizens of Edinburgh.
Early on Tuesday morning a deputation, consisting of the Lord Provost,
Colonel George Macdonell, John Rlenzies, Esq., of Pitfodels, 51r. (afterwards Sir
Charles) Gordon, William Forbes, Esq., advocate, John Robison, Esq., Secretary
There had been strange mismanagement in this matter. Charles sailed, as above stated, early
on the Tuesday; and, at five o’clock on the evening of the Thursday following, the Light&q
steam-packet arrived at Leith for the purpose of conveying his Majesty and suite. It was too late,
and was probably lpeant to be so. The Duchess d’Angouleme had been previously treated in the
same manner. After being for some time detained in London, in expectation of a Government
steamer, which had also been promised, to convey her to Rotterdam, she was at last obliged to
hire a vessel for the pnrpose at her own expense. ’ The Bailie and Mr. Badenoch were deputed with the address, chiefly becanse through their
hands the donations of his Majesty to the Poor’s House, the Board of Health, etc., had been conveyed.
VOL. It. 21,

... were now to be torn asunder. If they did not return to France , there was no place on the face of the earth ...

Book 9 p. 270
(Score 0.66)

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