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266 OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH. [Leith.
It was built accordingly, and is for the reception
and maintenance of men and women in destitute
circumstances, of fifty years of age and upwards, in
the following priority : first, persons of the name
of Watt; second, natives of the parish of South
Leith, of whatever name ; third, persons, of whatever
name, who have constantly resided in that
parish, for at least ten years preceding their admission
; and fourth, natives of or persons who have
constantly resided in the city of Edinburgh or
county of Midlothian, provided such persons are
not pensioners, or in receipt of an allowance from
any charitable institution except the Parochial
Board of South Leith.
The trustees acquired what was formerly a golf
house, with its ground, and there built the hospital,
which was opened for inmates in the spring of
1862. There are eleven trustees and governors,
including, ex o.$icw, the Provost of Leith, the Master
of the Trinity House, and the Master cif the
Merchant Company of Leith, with other officials,
including a surgeon and matron.
South Leith Free Church confronts the west
side of the Links, and has a handsome treble-faced
Saxon fapde.
The year 1880 saw a literal network of new
streets running up from the Links, in the direction
of Hermitage Hill and Park. According to a
statement in the Sotsman, an enterprising firm of
builders, who had obtained, five years previously,
a feu from an industrial society, which had started
building on the ground known as the Hermitage,
during that period had erected buildings which
were roughly estimated at the value of A;35,ooo.
These edifices included villas in East Hermitage
Place, self-contained houses in Noble Place and
Park Vale, while sixty houses had been erected in
Rosevale Place, Fingzie Place, and Elm Place. A
tenement of dwelling-houses, divided into halfflats,
was subsequently constructed at Hermitage
Terrace, and the remaining sites of this area have
also now been occupied.
Eastward from them, the villas of Claremont Park
extend to Pimiefield and Seafield; and hence, the
once lonely Links of Leith, where the plague-stricken
found their graves, where duels might be fought,
and deserters shot, are now enclosed by villas and
houses of various kinds.
At one part of the northern side there are a
bowling-green and the extensive rope walks
which adjoin the ropery and sail-cloth manufactory.
The ?? walks? occupy ground averaging fifteen hundred
feet in length, by five hundred in breadth.
At th.e extreme east end of the Links stand
Seafield Baths, built on the ground once attached
to Seafield House, overlooking one of the finest
parts of a delightful beach, They were built in
1813, at a cost of jt;8,000, in &so shares, each
shareholder, or a member of his family, having a
perpetual right to the use of the baths.
The structure is capacious and neat, and the
hotel, with its suite of baths, is arranged on a plan
which has been thought worthy of imitation in
more recent erections of the same class at other
sea-bathing resorts.
Their erection must have been deemed, though
only in the early years of the present century, a
vast improvement upon the primitive style of
bathing which had been in use and wont during
the early part of the century preceding, and before
that time, if we may judge from the following
suggestive advertisement in the Edinburgh Courant
for 30th May, 1761 :-
?Uth Bathing in Sea Water-This sort of
bathing is much recommended and approved of, but
the want of a machine, or wooden house on wheels,
such as are used at sea-baths in England, to undress
and dress in, and to carry those who intend bathing
to a proper depth of water, hath induced many in
this part of the country to neglect the opportunity of
trying to acquire the benefits to health it commonly
gives. To accommodate those who intend bathing
in the sea, a prpper house on wAeeZs, With horse and
servants, are to be hired on application to James
Morton, at Jarnes Farquharson?s, at the sign of the
?Royal Oak,? near the Glass House, who will
give constant attendance during the remainder of
the season; each person to pay one shilling for
each time they bathe.?
This, then, seems to have been the first bathingmachine
ever seen in Scotland
On the z 2nd December, I 789, the lonely waste
where Seafield Baths stand now was the scene of
a fatal duel, which took place on the forenoon of
that day, between Mr. Francis Foulke, of Dublin,
and an officer in the army, whose name is given
in the Edinburgh Magazine of that year merely as
?Mr. G-.? They had quarrelled, and posted
each other publicly at a coffee-house, in the fashion
then common and for long after. A challenge
ensued, and they met, attended each by a second.
They fired their pistols twice without effect; but
so bitter was their animosity, that they re-loaded,
and fired a third time, when Foulke fell, with a
ball in his heart.
He was a medical student at the university,
where he had exhibited considerable talent, and in
the previous year had been elected President or
the Natural History Society and of the Royal
Medical Society of Edinburgh.

... OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH. [Leith. It was built accordingly, and is for the reception and maintenance of men and ...

Book 6 p. 266
(Score 0.37)

avaliers were committed prisoners to his care, and
remained there till the pacification of Berwick.
On the 19th of November, King Charles?s birthday,
a great portion of the curtain-wall, which was
very old, fell with a crash over the rocks ; and the
insurgents rejoiced at this event as boding evil to
the royal cause. After the pacification, the Castle,
with thirty others, was restored to the king, who
placed therein a gamson, under Sir Patrick Ruth-
? made from the gate. Batteries were thrown up
at nearly the same places where they had been
formed in Kirkaldy?s time, Ruthven refused to
give the Estates the use of the regalia. Under
Colonel Hamilton, master of the ordnance, the
batteries opened with vigour, while select musketeers
were ?told ofT,? to aim at individuals on the
ramparts. Most bitter was the defence of Ruthven,
whose cannonade imperilled the whole city
THE REGENT MORTON. (Fmm an &ag?awing 6v Hoabmken.)
ven (previously Governor of Ulm under the great
Gustavus), who marched in, on the 25th February,
2640, with drums beating and matches lighted. As
the magistrates refused to supply him with provisions,
and raised 5bo men to keep a watch upon his
garrison, this testy veteran of the Swedish wars
fired a few heavy shot at random on the city,
and on the renewal of hostilities between Charles
and the Scots, Leslie was ordered by the Parliament,
on the 12th June, to reduce the fortress.
Xuthven?s reply to a summons, was to open fire
with guns and matchlocks in every direction, and
a sortie, under Scrimgeour, the constable, was
and the beautiful spire of St Giles?s ; while poor
people reaping in the fields at a distance were
sometimes killed by it.
The Covenanters sprung a mine, and blew up
the south-east angle of the Spur; but the rugged
aspect of the breach was such that few of their
officers seemed covetous of reading a forlorn hope,
especially as old Ruthven, in his rich armour and
plumed hat, appeared at the summit heading a
band of pikes. At last the Laird of Drum and a
Captain Weddal, at the head of 185 men, under a
murderous matchlock fire, made a headlong rush,
but ere they gained the gap, a cannon loaded

... were committed prisoners to his care, and remained there till the pacification of Berwick. On the 19th ...

Book 1 p. 52
(Score 0.37)

196 OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH, [Great King Street,
in July, .1836, was appointed to the chair of logic
and metaphysics, in succession to Professor David
Ritchie. In the interval between his appointment
and the commencement of the college session, in
the November of the same year, he was assiduously
occupied in preparing to discharge the
duties of the chair, which (according to the
practice of the University) consist in the delivery
of a course of lectures on the subjects assigned
to it.
On his appointment at first, Sir William
Hamilton would seem to have experienced
considerable difficulty in deciding on the character
of the course of lectures on Philosophy, which,
while doing justice to the subject, would at the
same time meet the requirements of his auditors,
usually comparatively young students in the second
year of their University curriculum. His first
course of lectures fell to be written during the
currency of the session 1836-7. He was in the
habit of delivering three in each week; and each
lecture was usually written on the day, or more
probably on the evening and night, before its
delivery. His ? Course of Metaphysics? was the
result of this nightly toil.
His lectures on Logic were not composed until
the following session, 1837-8. A commonplace
book which he left among his papers, exhibits in a
very remarkable degree Sir William?s power of
appreciating and making use of every available
hint scattered through the obscurer regions of
thought, through which his extensive reading
conducted him, says the editor of his collected
work, and no part of his writings more completely
verifies the remark of his American critic, Mr.
Tyler :-? There seems to be not even a random
thought of any value which has been dropped
along any, even obscure, path of mental activity,
in any age or country, that his diligence has not
recovered, his sagacity appreciated, and his
judgment husbanded in the stores of his knowledge.?
The lectures of Sir William Hamilton, apart from
their very great intrinsic merit, possess a high
acapemical and historic interest From 1836 to
1856-twenty consecutive years-his courses of
Logic and Metaphysics were the means by which
this great, good, and amiable man sought to imbue
with his philosophical opinions the young men
who assembled in considerable numbers from his
native country, from England, and elsewhere ; ?? and
while by these prelections,? says his editor in
1870, ? the author supplemented, developed, and
moulded the National Philosophy-leaving thereon
the ineffaceable impress of his genius and learning
-he at the same time and by the same means
exercised over the intellects and feelings of his
pupils an influence which for depth, intensity, and
elevation, was certainly never surpassed by that of
any philosophical instructor. Among his pupils
are not a few who, having lived for a season under
the constraining power of his intellect, and been
Led to reflect on those great, questions regarding
the character, origin, and bounds of human
knowledge which his teaching stirred and
quickened, bear the memory of their beloved and
revered instructor inseparably blended with what
is highest in their present intellectual life, as well
as in their practical aims and aspirations.?
At the time of his death, in 1856, he resided,
as has beeu stated, in No. 16 Great King Street,
and he was succeeded by his eldest son, Willigm,
an officer ofthe Royal Artillery. Since his death
a memoir of him has appeared from the pen of
Professor Veitch, of the University of Glasgow.
In No. 72 of the same street lived and died
another great Scotsman, Sir William Allan, R.A.,
whose fame and reputation as an artist extended
over many years, and whose works are still his
monument. We have already referred to his .
latter years in our account of the Royal Academy
and the ateZier of his earlier days in the Parliament
Close, where, after his wanderings in foreign lands,
and in the first years of the century, he was wont
to figure ?by way of robe-de-chambre, in a dark
Circassian vest, the breast of which was loaded
with innumerable quilted lurking-places, originally,
no doubt, intended for weapons of warfare, but
now occupied with the harmless shafts of hair
pencils, while he held in his hand the smooth
cherry-wood stalk of a Turkish tobacco-pipe,
apparently converted very happily into a palette
guard. A swarthy complexion and profusion of
black hair, tufted in a wild but not ungraceful
manner, together with a pair of large sparkling
eyes looking out from under strong shaggy brows
full of vivacious and ardent expressiveness, were
scarcely less speaking witnesses of the life of
romantic and roaming adventure I was told this
fine artist had led.? In spite of his bad health,
which (to quote ?Peter?s Letters?) ?was indeed
but too evident, his manners seemed to be full of
a light and playful sportiveness, which is by no
means common among the people of our nation,
and still less among the people of Scotland;
and this again was every now and then exchanged
for a depth of enthusiastic earnestness still more
evidently derived from a sojourn among men
whose blood flows through their veins with a heat
and rapidity to which the North is a stranger.?

... OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH, [Great King Street, in July, .1836, was appointed to the chair of logic and ...

Book 4 p. 196
(Score 0.37)

282 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.
No. CCLXIV.
MR. HAMILTON BELL, W.S.,
CARRYING A VINTNER’S BOY FROM EDINBURGH TO MUSSELBURGH,
AND
MR. JOHN RAE, SURGEON-DENTIST,
ACCOMPANYING HIM IN THE CHARACTER OF BOTTLE-HOLDER.
THE scene described in this Etching records a somewhat ludicrous but highly
characteristic instance of the social spirit of former times. At a convivial
meeting overnight, a pedestrian match was entered into betwixt Mr. Innes, confectioner,
and Mr. Bell, to walk from Edinburgh to Musselburgh ; the latter, a
man of uncommon strength, agreeing to carry the waiting-’boy of the tavern, in
which they were then regaling themselves,’ on his back. In order to avoid
the gaze of spectators, as well as to anticipate the scorching heat of a summer
day, the bet was decided early next morning, almost unknown to any one, save
a few fish-women, some of whom are represented as on their way to the
Edinburgh market, to which they then repaired at a irery early hour.
AIR. HAMILTON BELL was a Writer to the Signet of considerable
respectability and extent of employment. He was originally from Forfarshire,
but had been brought up and educated in Edinburgh. His mother for many
years kept a well-frequented tavern in the Canongate. He served his apprenticeship
with Mr. Walter ROSSW, .S., whose friendship he enjoyed long afterwards
; and from him he probably imbibed, in addition to a knowledge of law,
a taste for antiquarian research and a keen passion for music. To a powerful
frame and vigorous constitution, he added a spirit somewhat impatient of control,
which occasionally led to ebullitions of temper not of the most polite or
pleasant description. Like other professional men of his day, he conducted his
business chiefly in taverns. Fortune’s was hig favourite haunt ; and there, in
the enjoyment of high-jinks, and other pleasantries of the olden time, the tedious
dulness of law was often enlivened or forgotten. He was also a member of the
Cape Club, which met every night. From his deep potations with the knights
of the Cape, a dropsy ensued, a.nd a vast quantity of water having been taken
from his body, his life was despaired of by his acquaintances. He rallied, howl
The “Star and Garter Tavern,” Writers’ Court, then kept by Mr. James Hunter, and afterwards
possessed by Mr. Paxton of the Royal Exchange Coffee-house. .

... BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. No. CCLXIV. MR. HAMILTON BELL, W.S., CARRYING A VINTNER’S BOY FROM EDINBURGH TO ...

Book 9 p. 374
(Score 0.37)

HISTORICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE NOTES. 75
Pinkie, was the same who got built for himself the even more stately and
beautiful Castle of Fyvie.”
A good many years ago, the Society of Scottish Antiquaries memorialised
the Earl ‘of Wemyss, the proprietor of Seton Church, to restore the venerable
fane; and although the proposal has not been carried into effect, every effort ,
has been made to preserve the building from decay. In Lord Winton’s
answer to his impeachment in the year 1716 (State TrtizZs, xv. 805)~af ter
referring to the insults which he had experienced from those acting in the
name of the Government, he states that the most sacred places did not
escape their fury and resentment ; they broke into his chapel, defaced the
monuments of his ancestors, took up the stones of their sepulchres, thrust
irons through their bodies, and treated them in a most barbarous, inhuman,
and unchristian-like manner.’ Notwithstanding this outrageous sacrilege, a
number of interesting slabs and other monuments stiil exist in tolerably good
BELL OF SETON CHURCH.
condition. The curious bell, forged in Holland, which originally belonged to
the church, was long used in the parish kirk of Tranent, from which it was
removed, a few years ago, to Gosford House. It bears the following Dutch
inscription, of which only a portion appears in the annexed engraving, from a
careful drawing executed in 1851 :-Iacop eis mynen naem ghegoten van
Adriaen Steylaert int iaer MCCCCCLXXVII.’
Not the least interesting portion of the old walls and abutments ’ already
referred to, is the Roundle at the south-west corner of the old garden wall of
1 Billings’ Anfiguities ofScofZuRd, vol. iv.-Seton Church and Pinkie House. ‘The House
of Seton or Winton, on account of its great connections and ramifications, besides the antiquity
of its descent, would Seem now to be the noblest in Scotland. They were a fine specimen in many
respects of a high baronial family, from the magnificence and state they maintained at their
+p‘a lace of Seton “-expressly so called in royal grants under the Sign-manual, and identifted with
the memory of Queen Mary,-their consistency, loyalty, and superior advancement to their
countrymen in the arts and civilised habits of society.’-Riddell‘s Peemgc h,i. 4 9.

... AND DESCRIPTIVE NOTES. 75 Pinkie, was the same who got built for himself the even more stately ...

Book 11 p. 120
(Score 0.37)

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 69
parish. He still took a hearty glass ; as a proof of this, he drank an equal share
of eight bottles of strong ale one evening with his limner and a friend. He at
that period had a brother in life, only two years younger than himself, whose
wife was then bearing children.
One of his sons happening to be present, in the course of conversation
asked the company ‘‘ What age they supposed him to be 1” From his juvenile
appearance and ruddy complexion, they guessed him at thirty-four, and were
not a little astonished when he informed them that he waa thirty years older !
No. XXXII.
ANGEL0 TREMAMONDO, ESQ.,
RIDING-MASTER,
AS his almost unpronounceable name indicates, was a native of Italy. He came
to Edinburgh about the year 1768, and was the first public teacher of riding in
Scotland, having been appointed “ Master of the Royal Riding Menage,” for
which he had a salary from Government. The people of Scotland are proverbial
for a hatred to long names; so in their hands Angelo dwindled down to
plain (‘ Aimlie,” and Tremamondo was unceremoniously discarded. ‘I Ainslie ”
lived in Nicolson Square, and was reputed to be wealthy, Having accidentally
got a small piece of steel inta one of his eyes, nearly all the physicians
in Edinburgh were consulted, but without effect. At last Tremamondo
was directed to Miller, the famous oculist, who succeeded in restoring his
sight; but, unfortunately for the Italian, he succeeded also in becoming his
son-in-law very soon after. The Doctor, perhaps, loved Miss Tremamondo
well enough, but it afterwards appeared he had likewise “cast an eye” on her
papa’s purse; and, thinking that the old fellow did not “tell out” fast
enough, a lawsuit was the unhappy consequence. Like all other lawsuits,
where there is anything like a fat goose to be plucked, it waa carried on for
a length of time with various success. Kay’s MS. mentions that when Tremamondo
received the first summons from his friend of the lancet, he was transported
into a regular tornado of passion. : He tore down a picture of his daughter
which hung in the parlour, and, dashing it in pieces, threw it into the fire. While
the old Italian and his son-in-law were thus pulling and hauling, the daughter,
like a too sensitive plant, died of a “broken heart” Tremamondo died at
Edinburgh, in April 1805, aged eighty-four.
Of the Riding-Master‘s early history very little is known ; but from a work
It might have been a mere monntebank name of his own assumption-it meam a trembling of
the world-an universal earthquake.

... SKETCHES. 69 parish. He still took a hearty glass ; as a proof of this, he drank an equal share of ...

Book 8 p. 100
(Score 0.37)

Gmrge Street.] THE COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. I47
of the college, which had entire control over ?the
drugs of apothecaries and chemists. It further
protected Fellows from sitting on juries.
Under this charter the college continued to
discharge its functions for many years, although
it eventually abandoned in practice the exclusive
rights conferred on it, and ceased to exercise any
inspection over the shops of apothecaries as the
changes of social position and necessity caused
many of the provisions to fall into abeyance.
Having become sensible of the advantages that
would accrue to it from a new charter, to the end
that it might be free from the obligation of admitting
to its license all Scottish University graduates
without examination, to get rid of the clause prohibiting,
its connection with a medical school,
and further, that it might have the power of expelling
unworthy members, a new charter was prepared
in 1843, but, after a great many delays
and readjustments, was not obtained until the 16th
of August, 1861.
The first president of the institution was Dr.
Archibald Stevenson, who was elected on the 8th
of December, 1681, and held the chair till 1684;
his successor was Sir Robert Sibbald (of the house
of Balgonie), an eminent physician, naturalist, and
antiquary, who graduated in medicine at Leyden
in 1661 ; but from the time of his election there is
a hiatus in the records till the 30th of November,
1693, when we again find in the chair Dr.
Archibald Stevenson, with the then considerable
honour of knighthood.
It was when Sir Thomas Burnet, author oi
U Thesaurus Mediam Pructice,? London, I 673,
was president, in 1696-8, that we find it recorded
that certain ruinous buildings bordering on the
Cowgate were converted by the college ?? into a
pavilion-shaped cold bath, which was open to the
inhabitants generally, at a charge for each ablution
of twelve shillings Scots, and one penny to the
servant; but those who subscribed one guinea
annually might resort to. it as often as they
pleased.?
Under the presidency of Dr. John Drumrnond,
in 1722, a new hall was erected in the gardens at
Fountain Close ; but proving insufficient, the college
was compelled to relinquish certain plans for
an edifice, offered by Adam the architect, and to
find a temporary asylum in the Royal Infirmary.
In 1770 the premises at Fountain Close were sold
for A800 ; more money was raised by mortgage
and other means, and the hall we have described
was erected in George Street, only to be relinquished
in time, after about seventy years? occupancy.
?The same poverty,? says the ?Historical Sketch,?
?
which had prevented the college from availing
itself of the plans of Adam, and which had caused
it to desire to part with its new hall in George
Street, even before its occupation, still pressed
heavily upon it. Having at that time no funded
capital, it was entirely dependent on the entrancefees
paid by Fellows, a fluctuating and inadequate
source of income. Besides, beautiful as the
George Street hall was in its outward proportions,
its internal arrangements were not so convenient as
might have been desired, and it is therefore not to
be wondered at that when the college found their
site was coveted by a wealthy banking corporation
their poverty and not their will consented ; and in
1843 the George Street hall was sold to the Commercial
Bank for Azo,ooo-a sum which it was
hoped would suffice to build a more comfortable
if less imposing, hall, and leave a surplus to secure
a certain, though possibly a small, annual income.
Although the transaction was obviously an advantageous
one for the college, it was not without
some difficulty that many of the Fellows made up
their minds to part with a building of which they
were justly proud.?
The beautiful hall was accordingly demolished
to the foundation stone, in which were found the
silver medals and other relics now in possession of
the college, which rented for its use No. 121,
George Street till the completion of its new hall,
whither we shall shortly follow k.
On its site was built, in 1847, the Commercial
Bank, an imposing structure of mingled Greek and
Roman character, designed by David Rhind, an
architect of high reputation. The magnificent
portico is hexastyle. There are ninety-five feet in
length of fapde, the columns are thirty-five feet in
height, with an entablature of nine feet ; the pediment
is fifteen feet six inches in height, and holds
in its tympanum a beautiful group of emblematic
sculpture from the chisel of A. Handyside Ritchie,
which figures on the notes of the bank. It has
a spacious and elegant telling-room, surrounded
by tall Corinthian pillars, with a vaulted roof,
measuring ninety feet by fifty. The Commercial
Bank of Scotland and the National Bank of Scotland
have been incorporated by royal charter ; but
as there is no Qubt about their being unlimited,
they are considered, with the Scottish joint stock
banks, of recent creation.
The deed of partnership of the Commercial
Bank is dated gist October, 1810, but subsequent
alterations have taken place, none of which, however,
in any way affect the principle named and
confirmed in the charter. The capital of the bank
was declared at ~3,000,000 j but only, a thud of

... Street.] THE COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. I47 of the college, which had entire control over ?the drugs of ...

Book 3 p. 147
(Score 0.37)

... THE CHIESLIES. by invading him in his own house at Dalry, where they beat and wounded him and his servants, ...

Book 4 p. 217
(Score 0.37)

BI 0 GRAP HI GAL SKETCHES. 317
mimic characters, such as Oscar, Don Juan, Raymond, Perbuse, Brazen Mask,
Bravo of Venice, Three-Fingered Jack, etc.; and no part came amiss to him.
He enjoyed the acquaintance of several eminent literary men, among whom was
Monk Lewis.
Mr. Johnston, we believe, went to the United States in 1838, and sailed in
the same vessel with Ducrow and his company of equestrians.,
No. CCLXXVII.
REV. JOHN JAMIESON, D.D.,
OF THE ASSOCIATE CONGREGATION, NICOLSON STREET ;
FELLOW OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF EDINBURGH ; OF THE SOCIETY
OF THE ANTIQUARIES OF SCOTLAND, ETC.
DR. JARTIESOthNe , distinguished compiler of the “ Etymological Dictionary of
the Scottish Language,” was by birth a native of Glasgow ;I at the University
of which city his classical and theological studies were prosecuted with much
success. After qualifying himself as a preacher in connection with the Secession,
he was ordained pastor of a small congregation in Forfar.
Possessing a strong literary bias, and a keen taste for antiquarian research,
Dr. Jamieson became a corresponding member of the Society of Scottish Antiquaries
so early as 1783 ; and during his residence in Angusshire, contributed
to their Transactions several papers illustrative of the antiquities of that district.
In 1789, he appeared as an author by the publication of two volumes 8v0,
entitled “ Sermons on the Heart,” which were well received, About the same
time, the subject of the African slave trade having been brought prominently
forward in the House of Commons, by the discussion of “ a bill to regulate the
slave trade,” and much excitement prevailing in the public mind: Dr. Jamieson
gave his aid in the cause of humanity, by a pamphlet entitled “ The Sorrows of
Slavery.” This poetical exposure of the horrors of the slave trade was welcomed
“ as not the least valuable among the many publications lately written on the
same subject.”
The Poem became so extremely scarce, that the library of the venerable
advocate of slave-emancipation himself, we believe, did not possess a perfect
His father waa pastor of a dissenting congregation there. By the mother’s side he is descended
from the Bruces of Kennet, Claekmannamhire, who claim to be representatives of that family who
gave Robert Bruce to the throne of Scotland.
¶ Wilberforce brought forward his “motion for the Abolition of the Slave Trade ” towards the
close of the session 1189.

... 0 GRAP HI GAL SKETCHES. 317 mimic characters, such as Oscar, Don Juan, Raymond, Perbuse, Brazen Mask, Bravo of ...

Book 9 p. 423
(Score 0.36)

322 OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH. [1745!.
CEIAFTER XL.
E D I N B U R G H IN 1745.
Provost Stewart-Advance of the Jacobite Clans-Preparations for Defence-CapturC of the City-Lochiel?s Surprise--Entmnce of Prince
Charles-Arrival at Holyrood-James VIII. Proclaimed at the Cross+onduct of the Highland Troops in the City-Colquhoun Grant-
A Triumphal Procession-Guest?s Council of War-Preston?s Fidelity.
WE have referred to the alleged narrow escape of
Prince Charles Edward in the house of Provost
Stewart in the West Bow. Had he actually been
captured there, it is difficult to tell, and indeed useless
to surmise, what the history of the next few
years would have been. The Castle would probably
have been stormed by his troops, and we might
never have heard of the march into England, the
fields of Falkirk or Culloden. One of the most
singular trials consequent upon the rising of 1745
was that of Provost Stewart for ?( neglect of duty,
misbehaviour in public office, and violation of trust
and duty.?
From his house in the Bow he had to proceed to
London in November, 1745. Immediately upon
his arrival he sent notice of it to the Secretary of
State, and underwent a long and vexatious trial
before a Cabinet CounciL He was taken into
custody, but was liberated upon the 23rd of
January, 1746, on bail to the extent of ~15,000,
to appear, as a traitor, before the High Court of
Justiciary at Edinburgh.
Whether it was that Government thought he was
really culpable in not holding out the extensive
and mouldering wal!s of Edinburgh against :troops
already flushed with success, and in opposition to
the wishes of the majority of the inhabitants, or
whether they meant only to intimidate the disaffected,
we shall not determine, says Arnot. Provost
Stewart was brought to trial, and the court
?fotind it relevant to infer the pains of law, that ihe
panel, at the time and place libelled, being then
Lord Provost of the City of Edinburgh, wilfully
neglected to pursue, or wilfully opposed, or obstqcted
when opposed by others, such measures as
were necessary for the defence of the city against
the rebels in the instances libelled, or so much
of them as do amount to such wilful neglect.?
After a trial, which occupies zoo pages of an
octavo volume (printed for Crawford in the Parlia-
.merit Close, r747), on the and of November, the
jury, the half of whom were country gentlemen,
returned a vcrdict, unanimously finding Provost
Stewart not guilty; but he would seem to have left
the city soon after. He settled in London, where
he became an eminent merchant, and died at
Bath, in 17S0, in the eighty-third year of hisage.
No epoch of. the past has left so vivid an
impression on the Scottish mind as the year 1745 ;
history and tradition, poetry and music, prove
this from the days of the Revolution down to those
of Burns, Scott, and others ; for the whole land
became filled with melodies for the lost cause and
fallen race ; while it is a curious fact, that not one
song or air can be found in favour of the victors.
Considerable discontent preceded the advent
of the Highlanders in Edinburgh, which then had
a population of only about 40,000 inhabitants.
Kincaid tells us that thep was an insurrection
there in 1741 in consequence of the high price of
food; and another in 1742, in consequence of a
number of dead bodies having been raised. The
former of these was not quelled without bloodshed,
and in the latter the houses of many suspected
persons were burned to the ground; and that
imaginary tribulation might not be wanting, we
learn from the autobiography of Dr. Carlyle of
Inveresk, that people now began to recall a prophecy
of Peden the pedlar, that the Clyde should
run with blood in 1744.
A letter from the Secretary of State to the Town
Council had made that body aware, so early as the
spring of 1744, that it was the intention of Prince
Charles to raise an insurrection in the Highlands,
and they hastened to assure the king of their
loyalty and devotion, to evince which they prepared
at once for the defence of the city, by
augmenting its Guard to 126 men, and mustering
the trained bands. After landing in the wilds of
Moidart, with only seven men, and unfurling his
standard in Glenfinnan, on the 19th of August,
1745, Charles Edward soon found himself at the
head of 1,200 followers, whose success in a few
petty encounters roused the ardour and emulation
of the Macdonalds, McLeans, and other warlike
septs, who rose in arms, to peril life and fortune
for the last of the old royal race.
The news of his landing reached Edinburgh on
the 8th of August, and it was quickly followed by
tidings of the muster in Glenfinnan, and the capture
of a company of the. 1st Royal Scots, at the
Spean Bridge, by Major Macdonald of Teindreich.
Early in July 5,000 stand of arms had been placed
in the Castle, which Lieutenant-General Sir John
Cope ordered to be provisioned, while he reinforced
its ordinary garrison by two companies of the 47th
regiment; and theLieutenant-Governor, Lieutenant-
General Preston, of Valleyfield (who had been
2

... OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH. [1745!. CEIAFTER XL. E D I N B U R G H IN 1745. Provost Stewart-Advance of the ...

Book 2 p. 322
(Score 0.36)

Great King Street1 SIR WILLIAM HAMILTON. 195
Royal Circus, was built in 1820, and in the following
year it was proposed to erect at the west
end of it an equestrian statue to the memory of
George III., for which subscription lists had been
opened, but the project was never carried out.
In Great King Street have resided, respectively
in Nos. 3, 16, and 72, three men who are of mark
and fame-Sir Robert Christison, Sir William
Hamilton, and Sir William Allan.
When the future baronet occupied No. 3, he
was Doctor Christison, and Professor of medical
jurisprudence. Born in June, 1797, and son of the
late Alexander Christison, Professor of Humanity
in the University of Edinburgh, he became a student
there in 1811, and passed with brilliance through
the literary and medical curriculum, and after
graduating in 1819, he proceeded to London and
Paris, where, under the celebrated M. Orfila, he
applied himself to the study of toxicology, the
department of medical science in which he became
so deservedly famous.
Soon after his return home to Scotland he commenced
practice in his native capital, and in 1822
was appointed Professor of Medical Jurisprudence
in the University, and was promoted in 1832 to
the chair of materia medica. He contributed
various articles to medical journals on professional
subjects, and wrote several books, among others
an exhaustive ? Treatise on Poisons,? still recognised
as a standard work on that subject, and of
more than European reputation.
At the famous trial of Palmer, in 1856, Dr.
Christison went to London, and gave such valuable
evidence that Lord Campbell cornplimented him
on the occasion, and the ability he displayed was
universally recognised and applauded. He was
twice President of the Royal College of Physicians,
Edinburgh-the first time being in 1846-and was
appointed Ordinary Physician to the Queen for
Scotland. He received the degree of D.C.L. from
Oxford in 1866, was created a baronet in 1871~ and
was made LL.D. of Edinburgh Universityin 1872.
He resigned his chair in 18.77, and died in 188%
In No. 16 lived and died Sir William Hamilton,
Bart., of Preston and Fingalton, Professor of Logic
and Metaphysics in the University of Edinburgh
from 1836 to 1856, and Fellow of the Scottish
Society of Antiquaries. He had previously resided
in Manor Place. He was called to the Scottish bar
in 1815, at the same time with Duncan McNeill,
the future Sir Archibald Alison, John Wilson, and
others, and in 1816 assumed the baronetcy as
twenty-fourth male representative of Sir John Fitz-
Gilbert de Hamilton, who was the second son of
Sir Gilbert, who came into Scotland in the time of
Alexander III., and from whom the whole family
of Hamilton are descended. The baronetcy is in
remainder to heirs male general, but was not assumed
from the death of the second baronet
in 1701 till 1806. It was a creation of 1673.
With his brother Thomas lie became one of the
earliest contributors to the columns of Blucku~oad?s
MRgazine.
Besides ?? Cyril Thornton,? one of the best military
novels in the language, Thomas Hamilton
was author of ?LAnnals of the Peninsular Campaign?
and of ? Men and Manners in America?
In ? Peter?s Letters? heis describedas ?afine-looking
young officer, whom the peace has left at liberty
to amuse himself in a more pleasant way than he
was accustomed to, so long as Lord Wellington
kept the field. He has a noble, grand, Spaniardlooking
head, and a tall giaceful person, which he
swings about in a style of knowingness that might
pass muster even in the eye of old Potts. The
expression of his features is so very sombre that
I should never have guessed him to be a playful
writer (indeed, how could I have guessed such
a person to be a writer at all?). Yet such is
the case. Unless I am totally misinformed, he is
the author of a thousand beautiful jeux $esprit
both in prose and verse, which I shall point out
to you more particularly when we meet.? He
had served in the 29th Regiment of Foot during
the long war with France, and died in his fiftythird
year, in 1842,
In April, 1820, when the chair of moral
philosophy in the University of Edinburgh fell
vacant by the death of Dr. Thomas Browne, the
successor of Dugald Stewart, Sir William Hamilton
became a candidate together with Johr:
Wilson. Others were mentioned as possible competitors,
among them Sir James Macintosh and
Mr. Malthus, but it soon became apparent that
the struggle-one which had few parallels even in
the past history of that University-lay between
the two first-named. ? Sir William was a Whig ;
Wilson was a Tory of the most unpardonable
description,? says Mrs. Gordon in her ?Memou,?
and the Whig side was strenuously supported in
the columns of the Srotsnian-?and privately,? she
adds, ?in every circle where the name of Blackl~
lood was a name of abomination and of fear.?
But eventually, in the year of Dr. Browne?s death,
Wilson was appointed to the vacant chair, and
among the first to come to hear, and applaud to
the echo, his earliest lectures, was Sir William
Hamilton.
In 1829 t k latter married his cousin, Miss
Marshall, daughter of hlr. Hubert Marshall, and

... King Street1 SIR WILLIAM HAMILTON. 195 Royal Circus, was built in 1820, and in the following year it was ...

Book 4 p. 195
(Score 0.36)

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 161
No. LXVIII.
MR. ALEXANDER WOOD,
SURGEON.
THE pencil of Kay has done justice to the memory of this eminent surgeon
and very excellent man, by the production of two striking portraits of him.
The one here prefixed possesses the real octogenarian demeanour of the " kind
old Sandy Wood," who is represented as passing along the North Bridge with
an umbrella under his arm, in allusion to the circumstance of his having
been the first person in Edinburgh who made use of that very convenient
article-now so common.
MR. WOOD'Sfa ther was the youngest son of E.W ood of Warriston, in
Mid-Lothian-afterwards the property of the Earl of Morton. He long possessed
a house and grounds, situated immediately to the north of Queen Street, and
rented from the Town of Edinburgh, where Mr. Wood was born in the year
1725.
Mr. Wood completed his medical education in Edinburgh ; and having taken
out his diploma, he established himself at Musselburgh, where he practised
successfully for some time. He then removed to Edinburgh, becarne a Fellow
of the Royal College of Surgeons, and entered into a copartnership with Messrs.
Rattray and Congalton, men of eminence in their day, and to whose practice
he subsequently succeeded.
Eeing gifted with strong natural talents, great tact, and an activity of mind
and person rarely surpassed ; and possessing a perfect simplicity and openness of
character, with a singularly benevolent disposition and peculiar tenderness of
heart, Mr. Wood soon rose to high professional celebrity.
Not long after connecting himself with Messrs. Rattray and Congalton, he
married Miss Veronica Chalmers, second daughter of George Chalmers, Esq.,
W.S., an individual of great worth and respectability. In reference to this
connection a very pleasing anecdote is told. Mr. Wood, on obtaining the consent
of the lady, having proposed himself to Mr. Chalmers as his son-in-law, that
gentleman addressed him thus :-" Sandy, I have not the smallest objection to
you-but I myself am not rich, and shodd, therefore, like to know how you are
to support a wife and family 1'' Mr. Wood put his hand into his pocket, drew
out his lancet-case, and said, " I have nothing but this, sir, and a determination
to use my best endeavours to succeed in my profession." His future
father-in-law was so struck with this straightforward and honest reply, that he
immediately exclaimed, '' Vera is yours I "
Y

... SKETCHES. 161 No. LXVIII. MR. ALEXANDER WOOD, SURGEON. THE pencil of Kay has done justice to the ...

Book 8 p. 228
(Score 0.36)

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 203
excited feelings too powerful to be repressed. When this ill-fated family bade
adieu to our shores, they carried with them the grateful benedictions of the poor
and the respect of all men of all, parties, who honour mitifortune, when ennobled
by virtue.
No. CCXLI.
MR. CLINCH AND MRS. YATES,
IN THE CHARACTERS OF THE DUKE AND DUCHESS OF BRAGANZA.
THOUGHan actor of considerable merit, we are not aware that any biographical
notice of MR. CLINCH is to be found. He appears to have played in Edinburgh
during three seasons only; first, in the winter and summer of 1785, and
again in the winter of 1786. Early in January of the former year he was
announced as forming one of the corps dramatique ;I but he did not come forward
till the end of February, when we find his arrival thus noticed :-“ Mr.
Clinch, from the Theatre Royal, Dublin, who has been 60 long expected here,
is arrived, and is to appear in the part of Othello on Monday.”
The manner in which he acquitted himself on his (‘ first appearance in this
kingdom ” is recorded in the following critique of his performance :-
‘‘ This character has always been considered as a most ardnous one, from the variety of
qualifications it requires in the actor. * * Mr. Clinch, with a figure happily suited to
the part, and a voice powerful and agreeably modulated, entered into the spirit of the muchinjured
Moor in a manner that deeply interested the audience, and exhibited in lively colours
the tortures of him
‘Who doats, yet doubts ; suspects, yet strongly loves.’
The passages in which E. Clinch particularly excelled were that in which Iago makea the
first impression on him, and in that beautiful speech beginning-
‘- Had it pleased heaven
To try me with affliction-had it rained
All kinds of sores and shames on my bare head-
Steeped me in poverty to the very lips-
Given to captivity me and my hopes-
I should have found in some place of my soul
A drop of patience.’
Though we do not think that the declamatory parts in the beginning of the play were 80 well
sustained as those scenes in which Othello is ‘ perplexed in the extreme,’ yet Clinch‘s performance,
taken altogether, was a piece of excellent acting, and amply entitled him to the
applause bestowed by a genteel, numerous, and, what is not RO often the case, an attentive
audience.”
During his first season Mr. Clinch enacted Castalio, in the Unhappy Marriage
; Alexander, in the Rival Queens ; the Duke of Braganza, etc.
Scottish Stage.”
1 The Theatre WBS then under the management of Mr. Jackson, author of a “Historp of the

... SKETCHES. 203 excited feelings too powerful to be repressed. When this ill-fated family bade adieu ...

Book 9 p. 273
(Score 0.36)

BIOGRAPHI GAL SKET.CHES. 46 1
No. cccxxv.
MR. ROBERT NACGACHEK,
ACCOUNTANT OF EXCISE.
HOWth is gentleman should have been designated ‘‘ The Knowing One ” we are
at a loss to conjecture. Kay states that the likeness was taken at the request
of a person who suggested the title. He was known to be remarkably expert in
the use of figures, and it is probable that to his talent for calculation the allusion
refers.
MR. MACGACHEwNa s born at Gibraltar, where the 21st regiment, or Royal
Scots Fusileers, in which his father held a commission, was stationed at the
time. Captain Macgachen, of Dalwhat and Marwhirns, in the vicinity of Dumfries,
was the representative of a family that had been in possession of these
estates for niore than four hundred years ; and his ancestors had long manifested
an attachment for the military service of their country. His son, the
subject of our notice, was at an early period presented with an ensigncy in the
same regiment, but the Captain, having resolved upon devoting him to a mercantile
life, would not permit him to accept of it. The latter had previously
parted with his estates, and his resolution was probably a good one; but he
erred in the mode by which he sought to subvert the family bias for the profession
of arms. Instead of being brought up to those habits more essential to
the successful prosecution of commercia1 enterprise, young Macgachen was
educated at a fashionable boarding-school in the neighbourhood of London, and
instructed in all the accomplishments fitted for a nobleman. The consequences
of such an oversight soon became apparent in the subsequent career of Mr.
Macgachen. Entering into business, he lost, in the course of a few years of
fruitless exertion, about ten or twelve thousand pounds which had been left
him by his father ; and was eventually compelled to abandon pursuits which he
never relished, and for which he was completely disqualified. He was subsequently
appointed one of the Accountants of Excise, a situation which he filled
with much ability till the period of his death, which took place on the 19th
January 1807.
Mr. Macgachen married his cousin-german, Miss Nercer, daughter of Archibald
Mercer, Esq., wine-merchant, Leith, whose father was one of the Commissaries
of Edinburgh. Eg this marriage he had a number of children, of whom
only a very few survived. The eldest was a Captain in the 22d Regiment, and
George, a member of the Faculty of Advocates.’ A third son, John, was the
’
George so much resembled this etching of his father, that it might serve for a portraiture of both.

... GAL SKET.CHES. 46 1 No. cccxxv. MR. ROBERT NACGACHEK, ACCOUNTANT OF EXCISE. HOWth is gentleman should ...

Book 9 p. 615
(Score 0.36)

North Bridge.] THE PLAYHOUSE GHOST. 347
youthful frolic ; and it was a rich treat to hear him
tell of a Highland solicitor?s apprentice, who, on
hearing some one express a hope there would be
no blows, exclaimed, ? Plows, by Got ! ? and fell
on. At a distance of thirty years, on an opportunity
occurring of speaking a good word in favour
of an application of this person for a situation in the
Exchequer, Scott felt bound to use his influence,
from a friendly feeling about the Rayhouse Row.?
In 1797 there appeared in the Edinburgh
Theatre Henry Erskine Johnston, known in his
time as ? The Scottish Roscius,? from the circumstance
of his having been born in the High Street,
where his father was a barber ; the latter happened
to be shaving Henry Erskine, when intelligence
was brought that his wife had just presented him
with a son, whom he named from the learned
barrister then under his hands. Old Johnston
afterwards kept an oyster tavern in Shakespeare
Square, where he died in 1826.
Quitting a writer?s oflice in which he was a clerk,
his son came forth as an actor, his favourite parts
being those of Hamlet and Norval, and he was
nightly the attraction of Scottish playgoers, whom
he was wont to astonish by playing the Danish
Prince and Harlequin alternately. A young lady
who saw him acting in a piece called The Storming
of Srhgafatam fell deeply in love with him,
? and after a short, albeit impassioned courtship,
she became Mrs. Johnston, although at that period
only about fifteen.? From Edinburgh he went to
Dublin and elsewhere. We shall have to recur to
him as manager of the rival theatre in the city.
Prior to that his story was a painful one. His
young wife became, as an actress, the rage in
London, and, unhappily for him, yielded to the
temptations thrown in her way-she shone for a
few short years in the theatrical atmosphere of the
English metropolis, and then sank into insignificance,
while poor Johnston became a houseless
and heart-broken wanderer.
The old Theatre Royal had an unpleasant
tenant in the shape of a ghost, which made its appearance,
or rather made itself heard first during
the management of Mr. Jackson. His family
occupied a small house over the box-office and
immediately adjoining the theatre, and it was
alleged that long after the latter had closed and
the last candle been snuffed out, strange noises
pervaded the entire building, as if the mimic
scenes of the plays were being acted over again by
phantoms none could see. As the story spread
and grew, it caused some consternation. What
the real cause of this was has never been explained,
but it occurred for nights at a time.
Between 1794 and 1809 the old theatre was in
B very struggling condition. The debts that encumbered
it prevented the management from
bringing to it really good actors, and the want of
these prevented the debts from being paid OK
For the sum of ;EB,ozo Mr. Jackson, the old
manager, became the ostensible purchaser of the
house in 1800, and for several years after that date
it was conducted by Mr. Rock, who, though an
able and excellent actor, could never succeed in
making it an attractive or paying concern, ?? One
of the few points of his reign worthy of notice was
the appearance here of the Yourg Ros&s, a boy
who, for a brief space, passed as a great actor.
The Edinburgh public viewed with intense interest
this lad playing young Norval on the stage, and the
venerable author of the play blubbering in the
boxes, and declaring that until now his conception
of the character had never been realised.?
Many old favourites came in succession, whose
names are forgotten now. Among these was Mrs.
Charters, a sustainer, with success, of old lady
parts. Her husband, who died in 1798, had been
a comic actor on the same boards, in conjunction
with Mr. Henderson, in 1784. He had by nature
an enormous nose, and was deemed the perfection
of a Bardolph, in which character Kay depicts him,
with a three-cocked hat and knee breeches; and
Henderson, as FalstaK, in long slop-trousers, and
armed with a claymore! Mrs. Charters died in
1807, and her obituary is thus recorded in the
Edinburgh papers of the day :-
?Died here on Monday last, with the wellmerited
reputation of an honest and inoffensive
woman, Mrs. Charters, who has been in this
theatre for more than thirty years. She succeeded
the much-admired Mrs. Webb, and for many years
after that actress left the city was an excellent
substitute in Lady Dacre, Juliet?s Nurse, Deborah
Woodcock, Dorcas, Mrs. Bunale, &c., &c.?
In her own line she was worthily succeeded by
Mrs. Nicol, who retired from the Theatre Royal in
1834, after a brilliant career of twenty-seven years,
and died in 1835. In her old lady parts she was .
ably succeeded by her daughter, Miss Nicol, whose
name is still remembered with honour and regard
by all the old playgoers of Edinburgh.
Another Edinburgh favourite for upwards of
thirty years was Mr. Woods, the leading actor,
whom the public strenuously opposed every attempt
on the part of the management to change.
He retired from the boards in April, 1802, intending
to open an elocution class in the city, but died
in the December of that year. For his benefit in
I 784, he appeared as ?(Young Riot ? in a local

... Bridge.] THE PLAYHOUSE GHOST. 347 youthful frolic ; and it was a rich treat to hear him tell of a Highland ...

Book 2 p. 347
(Score 0.36)

I 16 MEMORIALS OF EDINBURGH.
We shall only add, that until our civic rulers manifest, by some such act, 8 regard for the
monuments of antiquity committed to their care, they must take their unenviable share in
the minstrel’s curse :-
Dun Edin’s Cross, a pillar’d stone,
Rose on a turret octagon ;
But now is razed that monument,
Whence royal edict rang,
And voice of Scotland‘s law was sent
In glorious trumpet clang.
Oh I be his tomb as lead to lead,
Upon its dull destroyer’s head. !-
A minstrel’s malison is said?
Large portions of the city wall have been demolished from time to time, owing to the
extension of the town and the many alterations that have been made on the older portions
of it, so that only a few scattered fragments remain. These, however, are sufficient to show
the nature of the aucient fortifications. No part of the earliest wall, erected under the
charter of James II., in 1450, is now visible, if we except the fine old ruin of the Wellhouse
tower, at the base of the Castle rock, which formed 8 strong protection at that
point where the overhanging cliff might have otherwise enabled an enemy to approach under
its shelter. A fragment of this wall, about fifty feet long and twenty feet in height, was
found in 1832, about ten feet south from the Advocates’ Library: when digging for the
foundations of a new lock-up-house, in connection with the Parliament House ; and, in
1845, another considerable portion
was disclosed to the east
of this, on the site of the old
Parliament Stairs, in making
the more recent additions to
the same building. Both of
these fragments have been
closed over by the new buildings,
and may in all probability
continue to exist for
centuries. The next addition
to the fortifications of the
city is the well-known Flodden
wall, reared, as already described,
by the terrified citizens
in 1513.’ Of this there still
remains the large portion forming
the north side of Drummond Street; an interesting little fragment at the back of
the Society, at Bristo Port, cnripusly pierced for windows and other openings; and,
lastly, the old tower in the Vennel, already alluded to, which, thankpl to the zealous
efforts of Dr Neill, has been preserved from destruction, when the Town Council had
already prouounced its doom as a useless encumbrance. We furnish a view of its in-
Marmion, canto v. v. 25. Minor Antiquitiee, p. 73, ’ Ante, p. 35.
VIGNETTE-hteriOr of the Tower in the Vennel.

... 16 MEMORIALS OF EDINBURGH. We shall only add, that until our civic rulers manifest, by some such act, 8 regard ...

Book 10 p. 127
(Score 0.36)

Inverleith.] THE ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS. 47
arrangement of British plants according to the
Natural System ; a general collection of the hardy
plants of all countries, and a series of medicinal
plants. There are also a collection of European
plants, according to the Linnzean System, and an
extensive arboretum, a rosery, and splendid parterres
; a winter garden, museum, lecture-room, and
library; a magnetic observatory and aquarium; with
a construction of terraced rockeries, 190 feet long,
by IZO wide.
ranged geographically, so as to enable the students
to examine the flora of the different countries ; and
there is a general arrangement of flowering plants,
illustrating the orders and genera of the entire
world.
There is likewise a grouping of cryptogamic
plants, and special collections of other plants,
British, medicinal, and economical.
The usual number 01 students in the garden in
summer averages about 300, and the greatest
WARRISTON HOUSE.
A public arboretum, comprising about thirty
acres, along the west side of the Botanic Gardens,
was obtained for A18,408 from the city
funds, and ~16,000 from Government, This was
sanctioned by the Town Council in 1877; and this
large addition to the original garden was opened
in April, 1881, and Inverleith House became the
official residence of the Regius Keeper.
Students have ample facilities for studying the
plants in the garden; the museum is open at all
times to them, and the specimens contained in it
are used for illustrating the lectures. The University
Herbarium is kept in the large hall, and can
be consulted under the direction of the professor
of botany, or his assistant. In it the plants are ar-
109
number is above 500. The fresh specimens of
plants used for lectures and demonstrations averages
above 47,300.
By agreement, it has been provided that the
arboretum, mentioned above, should be placed
under the Public Parks Regulations Act of 1872,
and be maintained in all time coming by the
Government. The trustees of both Sir William
Fettes and Mr. Rocheid were bound to provide
proper accesses, by good roads and avenues, to
the ground and to give access by the private avenue
leading from St. Bernard?s Row to Inverleith
House. Another avenue was also stipulated for,
which was to join the road from Inverleith Place,
westward to Fettes College.

... THE ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS. 47 arrangement of British plants according to the Natural System ; a ...

Book 5 p. 97
(Score 0.36)

356 OLD ANI) NEW EDINBURGH. [North Bridge.
night. for his journey there and back, the channel
of the Gala, which, for a considerable distance was
parallel with the road, being, when not flooded,
the track chosen as most level and easy for the
traveller. At this period and long before, there
was a set of horse ?cadgers,? who plied regularly
between different places, and in defiance of the
laws, carried more letters than ever passed through
the Edinburgh office in those days.
In 1757 the revenue amounted to A10,623,
accorcling to Arnot ; in that year the mail was upon
the road from London 87 hours, and, oddly enough,
from Edinburgh back 131 hours ; but by the
influence of the Convention of Royal Burghs,
these hours were reduced to Xz and 85 respec-
Postmaster-General, and nine years after, the mails
began to be conveyed from stage to stage byrelays
of fresh horses, and different post-boys, to the
principal places in Scotland; but the greater
pxtion of the bags were conveyed by foot-runners j
far the condition of the roads from Edinburgh
would not admit of anything like rapid travelling.
The most direct, at times, lay actually in the
channels of streams. The common carrier from
Edinburgh to Selkirk, 38 miles, required a fortburgh
staff consisted of ten persons, exclusive of
the letter carriers.
In 1776 the first stagecoach came to Edinburgh
on the 10th April, having performed the journey
from London in sixty hours. In the same year
the penny post was established in Scotland by
Peter Williamson, to whom we have referred elsewhere.
This man was the Rowland Hill of his
day, and the postal authorities seeing the importance
of such a source of revenue, gave him a pension for
the goodwill of the business, and the Scottish
penny posts were afterwards confirmed to the
General Post by an Act of Parliament in 1799.
In 1781 the number of post-towns in Scotland
consisted of 140, and the staff at Edinburgh
tively; and 1763 beheld a further improvement,
when the London mails were increased from three
to five. Previously they had travelled in such a
dilatory manner, that in the winter the letters I
which left London on Tuesday night were not
distributed m Edinburgh till the Sunday following,
between sermons.
In 1765 there was a penny postage for letters
borne one stage; and in 1771, when Oliphant of
Rossie was Deputy Postmaster-General, the Edin

... OLD ANI) NEW EDINBURGH. [North Bridge. night. for his journey there and back, the channel of the Gala, which, ...

Book 2 p. 356
(Score 0.36)

OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH. [Newhaven. ST.JAMES?S CHAPEL. 297
a manufactory of ropes and cables as having existed
in Newhaven a short time before that period.
In 1508, for the accommodation of his shipwrights
and others, the king built the chapel. It
was founded on the 8th of April; it was ?conveyed
? into the hands of James by the chaplain
thereof, Sir James Cowie, ?Sir? being then the
substitute for dontinus, when designating a priest.
Indeed, James IV. seems to have been the entire
originator of Newhaven.
In 1510, the city of Edinburgh, fearing that this
new seaport might prove prejudicial to theirs at
Leith, purchased the whole place from the king,
whose charter, dated at Stirling, 9th March of that
year, describes it as ?? the new haven lately made
alley which lies between the main street and Pier
Pla.ce.
In 1506 James IV. erected here a building-yard
and dock for ships (the depth of water favouring the
plan), besides a rope-walk and houses for the accommodation
of artisans. Some portions of the Royal
Roperie were visible here till the middle of the
eighteenth century ; and in a work in MS. preserved
in the Advocates? Library (a Latin description of
Lothian), written about 1640, mention is made of
the inner front of the houses of the South Row,
which are built on the south side of the street of the
said port. . . . We also will and ordain that
they uphold the bulwarks and other defences necessary
for receiving and protecting the ships and
vessels riding thereto, for thegood and benefit of us,
our kingdom and lieges.? (Burgh Charters, No.
Ixiv.)
From this we learn that in 1510 Newhaven had
a pier and at least one street, known then, as now,
by the name of South Row. Among the witnesses
to this charter are Mathew, Earl of Lennox, Archibald,
Earl of Argyle, George, Abbot of Holyrood,
and many others.
At this now small and rather obscure harbour
by the said king, on the sea. coast, with the lands
thereunto belonging, lying between the chapel of
St. Nicholas (at Leith) and Wierdy Brae.?
This charter gave the community of Edinburgh
free and common passage from Leith to Newhaven,
?? with liberty and space for building and extending
the pier and bulwark of the said port, and unloading
their merchandise and goods in ships, and of
unloading the same upon the land, and to fix ropes
on the shore ; from the sea-shore of the said port to
REMAINS OF ST. JAMES?S CHAPEL, NEWHAVEN.

... AND NEW EDINBURGH. [Newhaven. ST.JAMES?S CHAPEL. 297 a manufactory of ropes and cables as having existed in ...

Book 6 p. 297
(Score 0.36)

[North Bridge. __ 362 OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH.
Magazine (started in Edinburgh), and minister of? son of Sir Michael Balfour of Denmylne. An emithe
Congregational church in Glasgow. I nent physician and botanist, he was born in 1630,
In 1828, on the 8th of June-the fiftieth year of graduated in medicine at St. Andrews, prosecuted
his ministry being complete-a hundred gentlemen, his medical studies under the famous Harvey in
? connected with Lady Glenorchy?s chapel, enter- I London, after which he visited Blois, to see the
t:tined Dr. Jones at a banquet given in his honour , celebrated botanical garden of the Duke de ~~ at the Waterloo Tavern, and presented him ?with
an elegant silver vase, as a tribute of the respect
and esteem which the people entertained for the
..uniform uprightness of his conduct during the long
period they had enjoyed his ministry.?
Lady Glenorchy?s chapel and school were alike
demolished in 1845, as stated. The former, as a
foundation, is now in Roxburgh Place, as a chapel
in connection with the Establishment. ? It has now
a quoad sacm district attached to it,? says FuZZarton?s
Gazetteer; ?? the charge h 1835 was collegiate.
<There is attached to the chapel a school attended
by IOO or 120 poor children.?
In the same quiet and secluded hollow, overlooked
by the Trinity Church and Hospital, the
Orphan Hospital, and the Glenorchy Chapel-in
the very bed of. what was once the old loch, and
where now prevail all the bustle and uproar of
one of the most confused of railway termini, and
where, ever and anon, the locomotive sends up its
shriek to waken the echoes of the Calton rocks 01
the enormous masses of the Post-office buildings,
and those which flank the vast Roman-like span of
the Regent Bridge-lay the old Physic Gardens,
for the creation of which Edinburgh was indebted
to one or two of her eminent physicians in the
seventeenth century.
They extended between the New Port at the
foot of Halkerston?s Wynd, i.e., from the east side 01
the north bridge to the garden of the Trinity
College Hospital, which Lord Cockburn describes
as being ?? about a hundred feet square ; but it is
only turf surrounded by a gravel walk. An old
thorn, and an old elm, destined never to be in leaf
again, tell of old springs and old care. And there
is a wooden summer house, which has heard many
ipi old man?s crack, and seen the sun soften many
an old man?s wrinkles.?
In Gordon of Rothiemay?s view this particular
garden (now among the things that were) is shown
as extending from the foot of Halkerston?s Wyiid
to the west gable of the Trinity Hospital, and
northward in a line with the tower of the church.
From the New Port, the Physic Garden, occupying
much of that we have described, lay north
cross the valley, to where a path between hedgerows
led to the Orphan Hospital. It is thus shown
in Edgar?s plan, in 1765. .
1 It owed its origin to Sir Andrew Balfour, the
Guise, then kept by his countryman Dr. Robert
Morison, author of the ?? Hortus Regius Bloisensis,?
and afterwards, in 1669, professor of botany at
Oxford.
In 1667 Balfour commenced to practise as a
physician in St. Andrews, but in 1670 he removed
to Edinburgh, where among other improvements he
introduced the manufacture of paper into Scotland.
Having a small botanical garden attached to his
house, and chiefly furnished with rare seeds sent by
his foreign correspondents, he raised there many
plants never before seen in Scotland. His friend
and botanical pupil, Mr. Patrick Murray of Livingstone,
had formed at his seat a botanic garden containing
fully a thousand specimens of plants ; and
after his death Dr. Balfour transferred the whole
of this collection to Edinburgh, and, joining it to
his own, laid the foundation of the first botanic
garden in Scotland, for which the magistrates allotted
him a part of the Trinity garden, and then,
through the patronage of Sir Robert Sibbald, the
eminent physician and naturalist, Mr. James Sutherland,
an experienced botanist, was appointed headgardener.
After this Balfour was created a baronet by
Charles 11. He was the first who introduced the
dissection of the hunian body into Scotland; he
planned the present Royal College of Physicians,
projected the great hospital now known as the
Royal Infirmary; and died full of honours in 1694,
bequeathing his museum to the university.
It was in September, 1676, that he placed the
superintending of the Physic Garden under James
Sutherland, who was by profession a gardener, but
of whose previous history little is known. ? By his
ownindustry,? says Sir Robert SibbaId, ?heobtained
to great knowledge of plants,? and seems to have
been one of those self-made men of whom Scotland
has produced so many of whom she may well be
proud. In 1683 he published his ?Norizcs Nedicus
Edinburgensis, or a catalogue of the plants in the
Physic Gardens at Edinburgh, containing the
most proper Latin and English names,? dedicated
to the Lord Provost, Sir George Drummond. In
his little garden in the valley of the North Loch
he taught the science of herbs to the students of
medicine for small fees, receiving no other encouragement
than a salary of A20 from the city, which
did not suffice to pay rent and Servants? wages, to

... Bridge. __ 362 OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH. Magazine (started in Edinburgh), and minister of? son of Sir Michael ...

Book 2 p. 362
(Score 0.36)

1 MARRIAGE OF MARY AND BOTHWELL. 71
dragged through the bed-room to the door of the
presence-chamber, where the conspirators gathered . about him and completed the bloody outrage. So
eager were all to take part in the murder that
they frequently wounded each other, eliciting
greater curses and yells ; and the body of Rizzio,
gashed by fifty-six wounds, was left in a pool of
blood, with the king?s dagger driven to the hilt in
it, in token that he had sanctioned the murder.
After a time the corpse was flung down-stairs,
stripped naked, dragged to the porter?s lodge, and
treated with every indignity.
Darnley and the queen were meanwhile alone
together in the cabinet, into which a lady rushed
to announce that Rizzio was dead, as she had
seen the body. ?Is it so?? said the weeping
queen ; ? then I will study revenge ! ? Then she
swooned, but was roused by the entrance of
Ruthven, who, reeking with blood; staggered into
a chair and called for wine. After receiving
much coarse and unseemly insolence, the queen
exclaimed, ??I trust that God, who beholdeth all
this from the high heavens, will avenge my
wrohgs, and move that which shall be born of me
to root out you and your treacherous posterity ! ?
-a denunciation terribly fulfillkd by the total destruction
of the house of Ruthven in the reign of
her son, James VI.
In the middle of a passage leading from the
quadrangle to the ,chapel is shown a flat square
stone, which is said to mark the grave of Rizzio ;
but it is older than his day, and has probably
served for the tomb of some one else.
The floor at the outer door of Mary?s apartments
presents to this day a dark irregular
stain, called Rizzio?s blood, tlius exciting the ridicule
of those who do not consider the matter.
The floor is of great antiquity here-manifestly
alder than that of the adjacent gallery, laid in the
time of Charles I. ?We know,? says Robert
Chambers,in his ?Book of Days,? ? that the stain has
been shown there since a time long antecedent to
that extreme modern curiosity regarding historical
matters which might have induced an imposture,
for it is alluded to by the son of Evelyn as being
.shown in I 7 a a.?
Joseph Rizzio, who arrived in Scotland soon
after his brother?s murder, was promoted to his
vacant office by the queen, and was publicly named
as one of the abettors of Morton and Bothwell in
the murder of Darnley-in which, with true Italian
instinct, he might readily have had a hand. After
the tragedy at the Kirk of Field in 1567, the body of
Dmley was brought to Holyrood, where Michael
Picauet, the queen?s apothecary, embalmed it, by
her order; the treasurer?s accounts, dated Feb.
Izth, contain entries for ? drogges, spices-colis,
tabbis, hardis, barrelis,? and other matters
tiecessary ? for bowalling of King?s Grace,? who was
interred in the chapel royal at night, in presence
of only the Lord Justice Clerk Bellenden, Sir
James Tracquair, and others.
After Bothwell?s seizure of Mary?s person, at
the head of I,OOO horse, and his production of the
famous bond, signed by the most powerful nobles
in Scotland, recommending him as the most fitting
husband for her-a transaction in which her enemies
affirm she was a willing actor-their marriage ceremony
took place in the great hall of the palace
on the 15th of May, 1567, at four o?clock in the
morning, a singular hour, for which it is difficult to
account, unless it be, that Mary had yielded in
despair at last. There it was performed by the
reformed prelate Adam Bothwell, Bishop of Orkney,
together with Knox?s coadjutor, Craig, according
to the Protestant form, and on the same day:in
private, according to the Catholic ritual. To the
Latter, perhaps, Birrel refers when he says they were
married in the chapel royal. Only five of the
nobles were present, and there were no rejoicings
in Edinburgh, where the people looked on with
grief and gloom j and on the following morning
there was fouiid affixed to the palace gate the
ominous line from Ovid?s Fasti, book v. : ?Mense
malus Maio nubere vuZgus aif.?
The revolt of the nobles, the flight oT Bothwell,
and the surrender of Mary at Carberry to avoid
bloodshed, quickly followed, and the last visit she
paid to her palace of Holyrood was when, under a
strong guard, she was brought thither a prisoner
from the Black Turnpike, on the 18th of June and
ere the citizens could rescue her ; as a preliminary
step to still more violent proceedings, she was
secretly taken from Holyrood at ten at night,
without having even a change of raiment, mounted
on a miserable hack, and compelled to ride at
th;rty miles an hour, escorted by the murderers
Ruthven and Lindsay, who consigned her a prisoner
to the lonely castle of Lochleven, where she signed
the enforced abdication which placed her son upon.
the throne.
Holyrood was one of the favourite residences of
the latter, and the scene of many a treaty and
council during his reign in Scotland,
In the great hall there, on Sunday, the 23rd
of October, he created a great number of earls
with much splendour of ceremony, with a corresponding
number of knights.
Another Earl of Bothwell, the horror of James
VI., now figures in history, eldest son of the

... 1 MARRIAGE OF MARY AND BOTHWELL. 71 dragged through the bed-room to the door of the presence-chamber, where the ...

Book 3 p. 71
(Score 0.36)

I46 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.
to press around him ; and on some gentlemen calling out to secure him, he ran
along the pier a few yards, brandishing his cutlass and uttering defiance. He
then went on board the store-ship lying at the pier, and stationing himself upon
the bowsprit, threatened to stab any one who should attempt to lay hands on
him ; and on some one calling out " Murderer ! " from the pier, he again ran on
shore, chasing the crowd with his cutlass. The boatswain of the Unicorn at last
came up to him, and desired him to sheath his sword, but he refused. The
boatswain then asked it from him, when a struggle ensued, on which one
Fowler Ferguson, a carter and publican in Leith, came up and took the cutlass
out of White's hand. The prisoner was then conveyed to the Council Chamber,
From exculpatory proof led, it was shown that White bore an excellent
character, both for sobriety and humanity ; that he could have entertained no
malice towards Jones, as he had only the day before sheltered him from punishment
for being drunk; and likewise that, as desertions were at the time
prevalent, he had acted under the impression that Jones wished to escape.
Whatever else might have had influence, it was evident that drink had been the
cause of the unhappy act-the ship arrived at Leith on the 14th, and the hands
had received their pay only ten days previous at Stromness, so that a little
irregularity might have been expected.
Although the prisoner was indicted for murder, yet the jury, after a lengthened
examiiation, found him guilty of culpable homicide; and the Lords of
Justiciary, in consideration of the previous good character of the unfortunate
young gentleman, sentenced him to fourteen years' transportation.
No. LXIII.
MR. HENDERSON AND hIR. CHARTERIS,
OF THE THEATRE-ROYAL, EDINBURGH,
IN THE CEARACTERS OF SIR JOHN FALSTAFF AND BARDOLPH.
MR. HENDERSON, as Xir John FuZstu& a character in which he has
probably never been surpassed, will be easily distinguished to the left ; and it
must be admitted, that in this sketch of the scene betwixt the valiant Sir John
and his friend Bardolph, the pencil of the artist has felicitously conveyed a
portion of the genuine animation of the original
It was in February 1746 that Mr. John Henderson first saw the light in
Goldsmith Street, Cheapside ; his family was originally Scotch, and he is said
to have been a descendent in a direct line from the famous Dr, Alexander
Henderson. His father died two years after the birth of our hero, leaving him
and two brothers to the protection of their mother, who retired with them

... BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. to press around him ; and on some gentlemen calling out to secure him, he ran along ...

Book 8 p. 207
(Score 0.36)

312 OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH. [Arthur?s Seat.
to the cone from the base by the way of St. Anthony?s
Well, for a wager, in fifteen minutes, on a hot summer?s
day-a feat in which he was timed by the
eminent naturalist William Smellie.
In 1828 the operations connected with the railway
tunnel, under the brow of the columnar mass
of basalt known as Samson?s Ribs, commenced,
and near to the springs so well known in tradition
as the Wells of Wearie. Close by these wells, and
near a field named Murder Acre, in May the work-
In 1843 the sum 0Cit;40,000 was paid to Thomas
Earl of Haddington, for the surrender of his office
of Hereditary Keeper of the Royal Park, and
thereafter extensive improvements were carried
out under the supervision of the Commissioners for
Woods and Forests. Among these not the least
was the Queen?s Drive, which winds round the
park, passes over a great diversity of ground from
high to low, slope to precipice, terrace to plateau,
and commands a panorama second to none in
DUDDINGSTON CHURCH (EXTERIOR).
men came upon three human skeletons, only three
and a half feet below the surface of the smooth
green turf. As a very large dirk was found near
one of them, they were conjectured to be the remains
of some of Prince Charles?s soldiers, who had
died in the camp on the hill. The U Wells,? are
the theme of more than one Scottish song, and a
very sweet one runs thus :-
#?And ye maun gang wi? me, my winsom Mary Grieve ;
There is nought in the world to fear ye ;
To gang to the Wells 0? Wearie.
Nor tinge your white brow, my dmrie ;
By the lanesome Wells 0? Wearie.?
For I have asked your minnie, and she has $en ye leave,
? Oh, the sun winna blink in your bonnie blue een,
For I will shade a bower wi? rashes lang and green,
Europe. All the old walls which had intersected
the park in various places, in lots as the Hamilton
family had rented it off for their own behoof, were
swept away at this time, together with the old
powder magazine in the Hause, a curious little
edifice having a square tower like a village church ;
and during these operations there was found at the
base of the craigs one of the most gigantic
boulders ever seen in Scotland. It was blown up
by gunpowder, and, by geologists, was alleged to
have been tom out of the Corstorphine range
during the glacial period.
Among the improvements at this time may be
included the removal, in 1862, and re-erection (in
the northern slope of the craigs) of St. Margaret?s

... OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH. [Arthur?s Seat. to the cone from the base by the way of St. Anthony?s Well, for a ...

Book 4 p. 312
(Score 0.36)

Heriot?s Hospital.1 WALTER BALCANQU.-II,L. 367
Waucllop Thesauer,? is ordained ? to take down
the stonewark of the south-west tower, and to make
(it) the same as the north-west and north-east
towers ar, and this to be done with all diligence.?
In Rothiemay?s view of the Hospital, published
in 1647, he shows it enclosed by the crenelated
ramparts of the city from the present tower in the
Vennel, and including the other three on the west
and south.
A high wall, with a handsome gateway, bounds
it above the Grassmarket, and on the west a long
wall separates it from the Greyfriars churchyard,
and the entire side of the present Forrest Road.
Gordon?s view is still more remarkable for showing a
lofty spire above the doorway, and the two southern
towers surmounted by cupolas, which they certainly
A somewhat similar view (which has been reproduced
here,* on p. 368) will be found in Slezer?s
?? Theatrum Scotiz,? under the title of Boghengieght.
How this name (which is the name of one
of the Duke of Gordon?s seats) came to be applied
by the engraver to Heriot?s Hospital is not known.
The hospital was filled with the wounded of the
English army, brought thither from the battle-field
of Dunbar by CromwelL And it was used for sick
and wounded soldiers by General Monk, till about
1658, when the governors prevailed upon him to
remove them, accommodation being provided for
them elsewhere,
During this period the governors granted an
annual pension of A55 to a near relation of Heriot,
but not until they had received two urgent notes
from Cromwell. This pension was afterwards resigned.
Many improvements and additions were
made, and the total expenses amounted then to
upwards of ~30,000, when in 1659 it was opened
for the reception of boys on the 11th April, when
30 were admitted. In August they numbered forty,
In 1660 the number was 52; in 1693 it was
130; and in 1793 140.
Fifteen years before the opening of the hospital,
the life of Dr. Walter Balcanquall, the trustee
whom Maitland curiously calls its architect, had
come to a grievous end. The son of the Rev.
Walter Balcanquall, a minister of Edinburgh for
forty-three years, he had graduated at Oxford as
Bachelor of Divinity, and was admitted a Fellow
on the 8th September, 1611; in 1618 he represented-
whiIe royal chaplain-the Scottish Church
at the Synod of Dort, and his letters concerning
that convocation, addressed to Sir Dudley Carleton,
? had till about 1692.
The Editor is indebted to Mr. D. F. Lowe, M.A.. House-Governor
of Heriot?s Hospital, fer assistance very kindly rendered in the matter
cfiUu&ations.
are preserved in Hale?s ?Golden Remains.? 1:
was after he had been successively Dean of
Rochester 2nd of Durham that he was one of
Heriot?s three trustees. In 1638 he accompanied
the Marquis of Hamilton, Royal Commissioner, as
chaplain ; and some doubts of his dealings on this
ahd subsequent occasions rendered him obnoxious to
the Presbyterians of Scotland and the Puritans of
England; and in July, 1641, he and five others
having been denounced as incendiaries by the Scottish
Parliament, after being persecuted, pillaged, and
sequestrated by the Puritans, he shared the falling
fortunes of Cliarles I. He was thrown into Chirk
Castle, Denbighshire, where he died on Christmas
Day, 1645, just after the battle of Naseby, and a
splendid nionunient to his memory was subsequently
erected in the parish churcli of Chirk: by Sir Thomas
Myddleton.
In the hospital records for 1675 is the following,
under date May 3rd :-?There is a necessity that
the steeple of the hospital be finished, and a top
put thereon. Ro. Miln, Master Mason, to think on
a drawing thereof against the next council meeting.,?
But nothing appears to have been done by the
king?s master mason, for on the Ioth?July, Deacon
Sandilands was ordered to put a roof and top on the
said steeple in accordance with a design furnished
by Sir IVilliam Bruce, the architect of Holyrood
Palace.
In 1680, about the time that the obnoxious test
was made the subject of so much mockery,
Fountainhall mentions that ?( the children of
Heriot?s Hospitall, finding that the dog which
keiped the yards of that hospital1 had a public
charge and office, ordained him to take the test,
and offered him the paper ; but he, loving a bone
rather than it, absolutely refused it. Then they
rubbed it over with butter (which they called an
Explication of the Test in imitation of Argile), and
he licked off the butter and did spit out the paper,
for which they held a jurie on him, and in derision
of the sentence against Argile, they found the dog
guilty of treason, and actually hanged him.?
In 1692 the Council Records refer to the abolition
of the cupolas, the appearance of which in old
views of the hospital have caused some discussion
among antiquaries.
?The council having visited the fabric of the
hospital, and found that the south-east quarter
thereof is not yet finished and completed, and that
the south-west quarter is finished and completed by
a pavilion turret of lead, an& that the north-east
and north-west corners of the said fibnc are
covered with a pavilion roof of lead; therefore,
and for making the whole fabric of the said

... Hospital.1 WALTER BALCANQU.-II,L. 367 Waucllop Thesauer,? is ordained ? to take down the stonewark of ...

Book 4 p. 367
(Score 0.36)

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