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Colstorphine.] THE FORRESTERS. 119
of land, in any proper place;? and in 1383 there
followed another charter from the same king concerning
? the twenty merks yearly from the farmes
of Edinburgh.? (Burgh Charters.) In the preceding
year this influential citizen had been made
Sheriff of Edinburgh and of Lothian.
In 1390 he was made Lord Privy Seal, and
negotiated several treaties with England; but in
1402 he followed Douglas in his famous English
raid, which ended in the battle of Homildon Hill,
where he fell into the hands of Hotspur, but was
ransomed. He died in the Castle of Corstorphine
on the 13th of October, leaving, by his wife, Agnes
Dundas of Fingask, two sons, Sir John, his heir,
and Thomas, who got the adjacent lands of Drylaw
by a charter, under Robert Duke of Albany, dated
?? at Corstorfyne,? 1406, and witnessed among others
by Gilbert, Bishop of Aberdeen, then Lord Chancellor,
George of Preston, and others.
Sir John Forrester obtained a grant of the barony
of Ochtertyre, in favour of him and his first wife
in 1407, and from Henry Sinclair, Earl of Orkney,
he obtained an annuity of twelve merks yearly,
out of the coal-works at Dysart, till repaid thirty
nobles, ?which he lent the said earl in his great
necessity.??
In 1424 he was one of the hostages for the
ransom of James I., with whom he stood so high
in favour that he was made Master of the Household
and Lord High Chamberlain, according to
Douglas, and Lord Chancellor, according to Beatson?s
Lists. His second wife was Jean Sinclair, daughter
of Henry Earl of Orkney. He founded the collegiate
church of which we have given a description,
and in 1425 an altar to St Ninian in the
church of St. Giles?s, requiring the chaplain there
to say perpetual prayers for the souls of James I.
and Queen Jane, and of himself and Margaret his
deceased wife.
He died in 1440, and was succeeded by his son
Sir John, who lived in stormy times, and whose
lands of Corstorphine were subjected to fire and
sword, and ravaged in 1445 by the forces of the
Lord Chancellor, Sir William Crichton, whose lands
of Crichton he had previously spoiled.
By his wife, Marian Stewart of Dalswhton, he
had Archibald his heir, and Matthew, to whom
James III., in 1487, gave a grant of the lands of
Barnton. Then followed in succession, Sir Alexander
Forrester, and two Sir Jameses. On the
death of the last without heirs Corstorphine devolved
on his younger brother Henry, who married
Helen Preston of Craigmillar.
Their son GerJrge was a man of talent and probity.
He stooci high in favour with Charles I.,
who made him a baronet in 1625, and eight years
afterwards a peer, by the title of Lord Forrester
of Corstorphine. By his wife Christian he had
several daughters-Helen, who became Lady Ross
of Hawkhead ; Jean, married to. lames Baillie of
Torwoodhead, son of Lieutenant-General William
Baillie, famous in the annals of the covenanthg
wars ; and Lilias, married to William, another son
of the same officer, And now we approach the
dark tragedy which, for a time, even in those days,
gave Corstorphine Castle a temble notoriety.
George, first Lord Forrester, having no male
heir, made a resignation of his estates and honours
into the hands of the king, and obtained a new
patent from Charles II., to himself in life-rent,
and after his decease, ?to, or in favour of, his
daughter Jean and her husband the said James
Baillie and the heirs procreate betwixt them ;
whom failing, to the nearest lawful heir-male of the
said James whatever, they carrying the name and
arms of Forrester ; the said James being designed
Master of Forrester during George?s life.?
This patent is dated 13th August, 1650, a few
weeks before the battle of Worcester. He died
soon after, and was succeeded by his son-in-law,
whose wife is said to have sunk into an earlygrave,
in consequence of his having an intrigue with one
of her sisters.
James Lord Forrester married, secondly, a
daughter of the famous old Cavalier general, Patrick
Ruthven, Earl of Forth and Brentford, by whom,
says Burke, ?he had three sons and two daughters,
all of whom assumed the name of Ruthven,?
while Sir Robert Douglas states that he died
without any heir, and omits to record the mode of
his death.
He was a zealous Presbyterian, and for those of
that persuasion, in prelatic times, built a special
meeting-house in Corstorphine ; this did not prevent
him from forming a dangerous intrigue with
a handsome woman named Christian Nimmo,
wife of a merchant in Edinburgh, and the scandal
was increased in consequence of the lady being
the niece of his first wife and grand-daughter of
the first Lord Forrester. She was a woman of a
violent and impulsive character, and was said to
carry a weapon concealed about her person. - It
is further stated that she was mutually related to
Mrs. Bedford, a remarkably wicked woman, who
had murdered her husband a few years before, and
to that Lady Warriston who was beheaded for the
same crime in 1600 ; thus she was not a woman to
be treated lightly.
Lord Forrester, when intoxicated, had on one
occasion spoken of her opprobriously, and this ... THE FORRESTERS. 119 of land, in any proper place;? and in 1383 there followed another charter from ...

Book 5  p. 119
(Score 0.56)

North Bridge.] THE HORSE POSTS. 355
duction for expenses, among which are A60 for the
Irish packet boat.
In 1708 the whole business of the General Postoffice
was managed by seven persons-viz., George
Main, manager for Scotland, who held his commission
from the Postmaster General of Great
Britain, with a salary of A200 per annum; his
accountant, A50 per annum ; one clerk, d s o ; his
assistant, Lzs ; three letter-runners at 5s. each per
week. The place in which it was conducted was
a common shop.
In 1710 an Act of the newly-constituted British
Parliament united the Scottish Post-office with that
of the English and Irish under one Posttnaster-
General, but ordained that a chief letter office
be kept at Edinburgh, and the packet boats
between Donaghadee and Port Patrick be still
maintained.? The postage of a letter to London
was then raised to 6d. sterling.
In 17 15, James Anderson, W.S., the well-known
editor of D$Zowata Scotie, obtained the office of
Deputy Postmaster-General, succession to
Main, the jeweller. When he took office, on the
12th of July, there was not a single horse post in
Scotland, foot-runners being the conveyers of the
mails, even so far north as Thurso, and so far
westward as Inverary.
(( After his appointment,? to quote Lang?s
privately-printed history of the Post-office in
Scotland, (? Mr. Anderson directed his attention to
the establishment of the horse posts on the Western
road from Edinburgh. The first regular horse
post in Scotland appears to have been from Edinburgh
to Stirling; it started for the first time on
the 29th November, 1715. It left Stirling at z
o?clock afternoon, each Tuesday, Thursday, and
Saturday, reaching Edinburgh in time for the night
mail for England. In March, 1717, the first horse
post between Edinburgh and Glasgow was established,
and we have details of the arrangement in a
. memorial addressed to Lord Cornwallis and James
Craggs, who jointly filled the office of Postmaster-
General of Great Britain. The memorial states,
that ?the horse post will set out for Edinburgh
each Tuesday and Thursday at 8 o?clock at night,
and on Sunday about 8 or g in the morning, and
be in Glasgow-a distance of 36 miles (Scots) by
the post road at that time-by 6 in the morning,
on Wednesday and Friday in summer, and by 8 in
winter, and both winter and summer, will be in on
Sunday night.? ?
At this period it took double the time for a mail
to perform the journey between the two capitals
that it did in the middle of the 17th century.
When established by Charles I., three days was the
time allowed for special couriers between Edinburgh
and London.
In 1715 it required six days for the post to
perform the journey. This can easily be seen, says
Mr. Lang, by examining the post-marks on the
letters of that time.
In that year Edinburgh had direct communication
with sixty post-towns in Scotland, and in
August the total sum received for letters passing to
and from these offices and the capital was only
A44 3s. Id. The postage on London letters in
the same morith amounted to A157 3s. zd.
In 1717 Mr. Anderson was superseded d Edinburgh
by Sir John Inglis as Deputy-Postmaster-
General in. Scotland, from whom all appointments
in that country were held direct. The letter-bags,
apart from foot-pads and robbers, were liable to
strange contingencies. Thus, in November, I 725,
the bag which left Edinburgh was never heard of
after it passed Berwick-boy, horse, and bag, alike
vanished, and were supposed to have been swallowed
up in the sands between Coquet-mouth and
Holy Island. A mail due at Edinburgh one evening,
at the close of January, 1734, was found in
the Tyne at Haddington, in which the post-boy had
perished; and another due on the 11th October of
the follow?ing year was long of reaching its destination.
? It seems the post-boy,? according to the
CaZedonian Mercury, ? who made the stage between
Dunbar and Haddington, being in liquor, fell off.
The horse was afterwards found at Linplum, but
without mail, saddle, or bridle.?
The immediate practical business of the Postoffice
of Edinburgh (according to the ?( Domestic
Annals ?), down to the reign of George I., appears to
have been conducted in a shop in the High Street,
by a succession of persons named Main or Mein,
?(the descendants of the lady who threw her stool
at the bishop?s head in St. Giles?s in 1637.? Thence
it was promoted to a flat on the east side of the
Parliament Close ; then again, in the reign of George
III., behind the north side of the Cowgate. The
little staff we have described as existing in 171 j
remained unchanged in number till 1748, when there
were added an ? apprehender of letter-carriers,? and
a (? clerk to the Irish correspondents.? There is
a faithful tradition in the office, which I see no
reason to doubt,? says Dr. Chambers, ?that one
day, not long after the Rebellion of 1745, the bag
came to Edinburgh with but one letter in it, being
one addressed to the British Linen Company.?
In 1730 the yearly revenue of the Edinburgh
Office was A I , I ~ ~ , according to (?The State ofscotland;?
but Arnot puts the sum at Aj,399.
In 1741 Hamilton of Innerwick was Deputy ... Bridge.] THE HORSE POSTS. 355 duction for expenses, among which are A60 for the Irish packet boat. In 1708 ...

Book 2  p. 355
(Score 0.55)

468 INDEX.
Nairn, S i Robert, 193
Katharine, 193
Nairn’s Close, 146, 148
Namur, Count of, 7
Napier of Xerchiston, 208, 348
Tomb of, 393, 428
Lord, 243
Francis Lord, 308
Sir Archibald, 372
of Wrychtishousis. See Il“rychlielrm&
Negro eervants, 290
Nether Bow, 17, 36, 55, 68, 82, 83, 87, 88, 91, 95
Port, 27, 44, 50, 71,110,111,114, 277
Last Speech and Confession of the,
449
New Assembly Close, 248
College, 118, 135
Street, Canongate, 284
Town Antiquities of, 369-376
The Plan of, 371
St James’s Chapel, 368
Newhaven, 49,368
Nicol, Willie, 181
Nicoleon, Lady, 346
Street, 346
Niddry’s Wynd, 55, 89,177,198
Nimmo, Mise, 346
Nisbet of Dirleton, 140, 299
of Dean, 157. See Dean
Alexander, 374
Norman Architecture, 12,128, 129, 379, 405
Norrie, Old, 138, 149, 168, 312
Norrie’s Workshops, 312
Norris of Speke Hall, The Family of, 406
North Bridge, 355
.
Loch, 60, 109, 162, 180, 251, 280, 376, 454,
455
Norwell, Katharine, Widow of Bassendyne the
Printer, 396
Nose Pinching, the Punishment of, 456
Notre Dame, Cathedral of, 60
Nottingham Castle, 9
Ogilvie, S i Alexander, 239
Lady, 123
Oikis House, William, 277
Old Bank, 173
Close, 172,440
Calton BuryingOround, 353
Fishmarket Close, 242
Fleshmarket Close, Canongate, 278
High School Close, Canongate, 279
Stamp Office Close, 242, 243
Kirk, or Old Church, 385,391
Style, 198. See Stinking Style
Oliver, Lord, 283
Oliver’s Land, 282
Orange, Prince of, 105
Orchardfield, 136
Orkney, St Clair, Earl of, 266
Adam Bothwell, Bishop of, 101, 191, 226,280,
Monument of, 409
292,373,405
Ormiston, Laird of, 78
Orphan’s Hospital, 114, 288
Park, 288
Otterburn, Sir Adam, Provost, 50
Palfrey’s Inn, Cowgate, 330
Palmer’s Land, 347
Panmure, Earl of, 301
House, 301
Close, 301
Paoli, General, 160
Paradin’s Emblems, 150
Parliament Close, 108,118, 162,170, 203
House, 89, 97, 361
Stairs, 193,212,325, 330
Riding of, 204
Square, Leith, 361
Paterson, John, 301
Nicol, 302
Bishop, 305
Paterson’s Land, Canongate, 301
Paton, George, the Antiquary, 163, 181,247
Patrick, Alexander, 160
Paulitius, Dr Joanues, 281
Paul‘s Work, 352
Paunch Market, Leith, 363
Peebles Wynd, 246
Pennycuik, Alexander, 20
Perjurers, Boring the Tongues of, 455
Perth, Earl of, 105, 296
Pest. See Plague
Philiphaugh, Lord, 231
Physic Gardens, 117
Physicians’ Hall, Oeorge Street, 376
Picardy, Village of, 375
Piera Leland, 6
Pillans, Professor, 168
Pilrig, 66
Pinkie, Battle of, 52, 406
Pipe’s Close, 143
Piscina, Ancient, 146
Pitcairn, Dr Archibald, 285, 302
Pius II., Pope, 15
Plague, The, 165, 182,205,311
Plainstanes Close, 344
Plantagenet, Richard, 25
Playfair, Profeessor, 143
Playhouse Close, 287
Plays, 44,103
Pleasance, The, 83, 312
Pole, Cardinal, 403
Pope, Burning the, 437
Porteous, Captain, 109,194-196,440
Mob, 211, 433
Portobello Tower, 451
Preston, John, 268
438
Pillory, 74, 454
Port, 312
Sir Michael, 268
of Braigmillar, 381
of Oortoun, 382
Sir Simon, Provost, 79, 245, 396 ... INDEX. Nairn, S i Robert, 193 Katharine, 193 Nairn’s Close, 146, 148 Namur, Count of, 7 Napier of ...

Book 10  p. 507
(Score 0.55)

to him an intimation that he was to be made
prisoner, and advised him to lose no time in
assuming the defensive. On this he sent his uncle,
the ?fambus Gavin Douglas, Bishop of Dunkeld,
to remonstrate with the archbishop, Arran, and
others present, ? to caution them against violence,
and to inform them that if they had anything to
allege against him he would be judged by the laws
of the realm, and not by men who were his avowed
enemies.? Meanwhile he put on his armour, and
drew up his spearmen in close array near the
Nether-Bow Port-the Temple Bar of Edinburgh
-a gate strongly fortified by double towers.
When the Bishop of Dunkeld entered the archbishop?s
house in the Blackfriars Wynd he found
all present armed, and resolved on the most desperate
measures. Even the archbishop wore a coat
of mail, covered by his ecclesiastical costume, and
in the dispute that ensued he concluded a vehement
speech by striking his breast, and asseverating-??
There is no remedy ! The Earl of Angus
must go to prison. Upon my conscience I cannot
help it 1 ?
As he struck his breast the armour rattled.
? How now, my lord ? ? said the Bishop of Dunkeld
; ? I think your conscience clatters! We
are priests, and to bear arms or armour is not
consistent with our profession.?
The archbishop explained ? that he had merely
provided for his own safety in these days of continued
turmoil, when no man could leave his house
but at the hazard of his life.?
Numbers of citizens and others had now joined
Angus, who was exceedingly popular, and the people
handed weapons from the windows to all his followers
who required them. He barricaded all the
entrances to the steep wynds and closes leading from
the High Street to the Cowgate, and took post
himself near the head of the Blackfriars Wynd.
Sir James Hamilton of Finnart came rushing upward
at the head of the Hamiltons to attack the
Douglases. Angus, who knew him, ordered the
latter to spare him if possible, but he was onc
of the first who perished in the fierce and bloody
fray that ensued, and involved the whole city in
universal uproar.
?A Hamilton ! a
Hamilton ! Through ! Through ! ? such were the
adverse cries.
The many windows of the lofty and gable-ended
houses of the High Street were crowded with the
excited faces of spectators ; the clash of swords and
crash of pikes, the shouts, yells, and execration:
of the combatants as they closed in fierce conflict
added to the general consternation, and killed and
?A Douglas ! a Douglas !?
vounded began to cumber the causeway in every
iirection.
The Hamiltons gave way, and, sword in hand,
he exasperated Angus drove them headlong down
be Blackfriars Wynd, killing them on every hand.
r?he Earl of Arran and a kinsman hewed a passage
)ut of the m t e , and fled down an alley on the north
iide of the High Street. At the foot they found
I collier?s horse, and, throwing the burden off the
tnimal, both mounted it, though in armour, swam
t across the loch to the other side, and escaped
tmong the fields, where now Princes Street stands.
Many Douglases perished in the skirmish, which
was long remembered as ?? Cleanse the Causeway.?
3f the Hamiltons eighty were slain on the spot,
including Sir Patrick son of the first Lord Hamilton,
and the Master of Montgomery, according to
Hawthornden. The archbishop fled to the adjacent
Blackfriars church for sanctcary, but the
Douglases dragged him from behind the altar,
rent his episcopal habit from his back, and would ?
have slain him had not the Bishop of Dunkeld
interfered; and he was permitted to fly afoot to
Linlithgow, sixteen miles distant.
Towards the termination of the fight 800 border
troopers, under the Prior of Coldingham (Angus?s
brother), came galloping hi, and finding the gates
and wickets closed, they beat them in with hammers;
but by that time the fray was over.
This was but a specimen of the misrule that
pervaded the whole realm till the arrival of the
Regent Albany, when the Parliament at Edinburgh
named four peers as guardians of the young king
and his infant brother, permitting the queen to name
other four. On this being adjusted, the Duke of
Albany and these peers in their robes of state,
attended by esquires and pages, proceeded to the
Castle, at the gate of which they were received by
a singular tableau of an imposing description.
The bamers were thrown open, and on the
summit of the flight of forty steps which then gave
access to them, stood the beautiful queen of that
heroic king who fell at Flodden, holding by the
hand the little James V., while a pace or two
behind her stood a noble lady, supporting in her
arms his infant brother. With real or affected
sweetness of manner she asked their errand.
? Madam,? replied the royal duke, ? we come
by the authority of Parliament to receive at your
hands our sovereign and his brother.??
Margaret Tudor stepped back a pace, and
ordered the portcullis to be lowered, and as the
grating descended slowly between her and the four
delegates, she said :-
? I hold this Castle by gift from my late husband, ... him an intimation that he was to be made prisoner, and advised him to lose no time in assuming the defensive. ...

Book 1  p. 39
(Score 0.55)

464 MEMORIALS OF EDINBURGH.
Frendracht, Viscount, 191
Froissart, 9, 12
Fullerton, Adam, 152, 272
Gabriel, the Archangel, Chapel of, 386
Qabriel’s Road, 371
Gallow Lee, 179, 275, 355
Galloway, Earl of, 324
Countess of, 324
House, 324
Gay, the Poet, 199, 300
Geddes, Jenny, 92,250,391
General‘s Entry, 345
George IL, 109
IV., 97, 133
Wilkie’s Portrait of, 410
Gill Bells, 211
Gillespie, Wdliam, Tobacconist, 350
Gillon, James, 69
Girth Cross, 306
Gladstone, Thomas, 162
Gladstone’s Land, 163
Olamis, Lady, 43,133
Glass, Ancient Painted, 387, 400
Glasgow, 49
Glencairn, Earl of, 69, 64, 67
Qlenlee, Lord, 332
Gloucester, Duke of, 19
Golden Charter, 19
Goldsmith, Oliver, 243, 323
Golf, 104, 301
Golfer’s Land, 135, 301
Gordon, George, 1st Duke of, 106, 123, 144, 169,179
Sir John, of Fasque, 357
Archbishop of, 27, 36
Duchess of, 138,192,308
Lady Ann, 296
Lady Catherine, 25
Lady Jane, 295
of Haddo, Sir John, 387
of Braid, 140
Hon. Alexander, 141
C. H., 141
Gosford‘s Close, 179
Gourlay, David, 177,178
John, 173
Norman, burnt at Greenside, 411
Robert, 172
Gowry, Earl of, 89
Grame, Tower of, 244
Graham, Robert, 15
Grange, Lady, 174, 441
Grassmarket, 26, 69, 101,109,195, 342, 343
Grant, Sir Francis, 171
Gray, Lord, 28, 164
Residence of the Daughters of, 144
Sir William, 164, 281
Andrew, 280
Egidia, 164, 281
John, 282
Gray’s Cloae, North, 254
Greenfield, Dr, 140 ’
South, See Hint Close
Greenside, 23, 285, 375, 411, 444
Uregory IX., Pope, 6
Greyfriars, 26, 269
Greyfriam’ Church, 96, 411
The Rood of, 111
Churchyard, 73, 83,169,206,411, 462
Monastery, 63, 342, 400, 443
Port, 117, 331, 454
Grieve, John, Provost, 139
Urymanus, Marcq Patriarch of Aquileig 48
Guard-Houae, 115,189, 247
Tom, 219,247, 431
Town, the Origin of, 36
Gueldere, Mary of, 17,18, 342, 381, 394
Guest, General, 111, 339
Guise, Duke of, 43
Mary of, 43,44, 48,62,65,67,146-167
Mary of, Portrait of, 202
Palace, 139, 146-157
Leith, 360
Guthrie, James, 216
Guy, Count of Namur, 7
Haddington, Sir Thomas Hamilton, Earl of, 327,331
Thomas, Zd Earl of, 227
The Earl of, 341
Lord, the 7th Earl, 195
Haddow’s Hole Kirk, 387
Hailee, Lord, 284, 316, 370
Haliburton, Provost, of Dundee, 65
Provost George, 339
Master James, 261
Haliday, Sir John, 41
Halkerston’s Wynd, 117,118,242,250
Halton, Lord, 298, 454
Hammermen, Corporation of, 387, 400, 401
Hamilton, James, 4th Duke of, 106,108, 163, 183
Lord Claud, 370
Sir Patrick, 24,36,37,136
Sir Jamee, 314
Abbot, Gavin, 73
Gavin, his Model of the Old Town, 439
Port, 250
Hangman’s House, 243
Hanna, Jamea, Dean of St Qiea’s Church, 391
Hare Stane, 124
Harper, Sir John, 160
Hart, Andrew, the Printer, 235, 236
Hartfield, Lady, 208
Harviston, Lady, 208
Hastings, Marchioness of, 180
Haunted Close, West Bow. See Stinking CZosc
Hawkhill, 131, 177
Hawthornden, 7
Hay, Father, 3
Lord David, 283
Bishop, 265
Lady Ann, 180
Lady Catherine, 180
E. k Drummond, 154
Heathfield, Lord, 256
Heigh, Jock, 190
Henderson, of Fordel, 253 ... MEMORIALS OF EDINBURGH. Frendracht, Viscount, 191 Froissart, 9, 12 Fullerton, Adam, 152, 272 Gabriel, the ...

Book 10  p. 503
(Score 0.55)

ns and howitzers on the bastions of the latter
and the Calton Hill. The sharp encounter there,
and at St. Leonard?s Hill, in both of which he was
completely repulsed, are apart from the history of
the fortress, from the ramparts of which the young
king Charles 11. witnessed them; but the battle
of Dunbar subsequently placed all the south of
Scotland at the power of Cromwell, when he was
in desperation about returning for England, the
Scots having cut off his retreat. On the 7th
September, 1650, he entered Edinburgh, and placed
it under martial law, enforcing the most rigid regulations;
yet the people had nothing to complain
of, and justice was impartially administered. He
took up his residence at the Earl of Moray?s
house-that stately edifice on the south side of the
Canongate-and quartered his soldiers in Holyrood
and the city; but his guard, or outlying picket,
was in Dunbar?s Close-so named from the victors
of Dunbar ; and tradition records that a handsome
old house at the foot of Sellars Close was occasionally
occupied by him while pressing the siege of the
Castle, which was then full of those fugitive
preachers whose interference had caused the ruin
of Leslie?s army. With them he engaged in a
curious polemical discussion, and is said by Pinkerton
to have preached in St. Giles?s churchyard to
the people. To facilitate the blockade he demolished
the ancient Weigh House, which was
not replaced @ill after the Restoration.
He threw UP batteries at Heriot?s Hospital, which
was full of his wounded ; on the north bank of the
loch, and the stone bartisan of Davidson?s house
on the Castle Hill. He hanged in view of the
Castle, a poor old gardener who had supplied
Dundas with some information ; and during these
operations, Nicoll, the diarist, records that there were
many slain, ? both be schot of canoun and musket,
as weell Scottis as Inglische.? Though the garrison
received a good supply of provisions, by the bravery
of Captain Augustine, a German soldier of fortune
who served in the Scottish army, and who hewed a
passage into the fortress through Cromwell?s guards,
at the head of 120 horse, Dundas, when tampered
with, was cold in his defence. Cromwell pressed
the siege with vigour. He mustered colliers from
the adjacent country, and forced them, under fire,
to work at a mine on the south side, near the new
Castle road, where it can still?be seen in the
freestone rock. Dundas, a traitor from the first,
now lost all heart, and came to terms with
Cromwell, to whom he capitulated on the 12th of
December, 1650.*
1
* The articles of the treaty and the list of the captured guns arc given
at length in Balfour?s ??AM&?
Exactly as St. Giles?s clock struck twelve the
garrison marched ? out, with drums beating and
colours flying, after which the Castle was garrisoned
by ? English blasphemers ? (as the Scots called
them) under Colonel George Fenwick. Cromwell,
in reporting all this to the English Parliament,
says :-?; I think I need say little of the strength of
this place, which, if it had not come as it did, would
have cost much blood. . . . I must needs say,
not any skill or wisdom of ours, but the good will of
God hatli given you this place.?
By the second article of the treaty the records of
Scotland n-ere transmitted to Stirling, on the capture
of which they were sent in many hogsheads to
London, and lost at sea when being sent back,
Dundas was arraigned before the Parliament,
and his reputation was never freed from the stain
cast upon it by the capitulation; and Sir Janies
Balfour, his contemporary, plainly calls him a base,
cowardly, ?? traitorous villane ! ?
Cromwell defaced the royal arms at the Castle
gate and elsewhere ; yet his second in command,
Monk, was f2ted at a banquet by the magistrates,
when, on the 4th May, 1652, he was proclaimed
Protector of the Commonwealth.
At first brawls were frequent, and English
soldiers were cut off on every available occasion.
One day in the High Street, an officer came from
Cromwell?s house ?in great says Patrick
Gordon, and as he mounted his horse, mhly &d
aloud, ? With my own hands I killed the Scot to
whom this horse and these pistols belonged. Who
dare say I wronged him?? ccI dare, and thus
avenge him !? exclaimed one who stood near, and,
running the Englishman through the body, mounted
his horse, dashed through the nearest gate, and
escaped into the fields.
For ten years there was perfect peace in Edin.
burgh, and stage coaches began to run every three
weeks between it and the ?George Inn, without
Aldersgate, London,? for A4 10s. a seat. Iambert?s
officers preached in the High Kirk, and buffcoated
troopers taught and expounded in the Parliament
House; and so acceptable became the sway of
the Protector to civic rulers that they had just proposed
to erect acolossal stone monument in his
honour, when the Restoration came !
It was hailed with the wildest joy by all the
Scottish people. The cross of Edinburgh was
garlanded with flowers ; its fountains ran with wine ;
300 dozen of glasses were broken there, in
drinking to the health of His Sacred Majesty and
the perdition of Cromwell, who in effigy wa- 5 consigned
to the devil. Banquets were given, and
salutes fired from the Castle, where Mons Meg was ... and howitzers on the bastions of the latter and the Calton Hill. The sharp encounter there, and at St. ...

Book 1  p. 55
(Score 0.55)

THE TOWER 327 Liberton.]
between 1124 and 1153, according to the Lih
Cartarvm Sanchz Crwis.
Macbeth of Liberton also granted to St. Cuth
bert?s Church the tithes and oblations of Legbor
nard, a church which cannot now be traced.
The name is supposed to be a corruption o
Lepertoun, as there stood here a hospital fo
lepers, of which all vestiges have disappeared ; bu
the lands thereof in some old writs (according tc
the ?New Statistical Account?) were called ?Spital
town.?
At Nether Liberton, three-quarters of a mile nortl
of the church, was a mill, worked of course by thc
Braid Burn, which David I, bestowed upon tht
monks of Holyrood, as a tithe thereof, ??wit1
thirty cartloads from the bush of Liberton,? gift!
confirmed by William the Lion under the Grea
Seal circa I I 7 1-7.
The Black Friars at Edinburgh received fivc
pounds sterling annually from this mill at Nethei
Liberton, by a charter from King Robert I.
Prior to the date of King David?s charter, thc
church of Liberton belonged to St. Cuthbert?s
The patronage of it, with an acre of land adjoining
it, was bestowed by Sir John Maxwell of that iik
in 1367, on the monastery of Kilwinning,pro sahh
aniiiim SUE et Agnetis sponsiz SUE.
This gift was confirmed by King David 11.
By David 11. the lands of Over Liberton,
?( quhilk Allan Baroune resigned,? were gifted tc
John Wigham ; and by the same monarch the land:
of Nether Liberton were gifted to William Ramsay,
of Dalhousie, knight, and Agnes, his spouse, 24th
October, 1369. At a later period he granted a
charter ?to David Libbertoun, of the office of
sergandrie of the overward of the Constabularie of
Edinburgh, with the lands of Over Libbertoun
pertaining thereto.? (? Robertson?s Index.?)
Adam Forrester (ancestor of the Corstorphine
family) was Laird of Nether Liberton in 1387, for
estates changed proprietors quickly in those troublesome
times, and we have already reterred to him
as one of those who, with the Provost Andrew
Yichtson, made arrangements for certain extensive
additions to the church of St. Giles in that year.
William of Liberton was provost of the city in
1429, and ten years subsequently with William
Douglas of Hawthornden, Meclielson of Herdmanston
(now Harviston), and others, he witnessed
the charter of Patrick, abbot of Holyrood, to Sir
Yatrick Logan, Lord. of Restalrig, of the office of
bailie of St. Leonard?s. (? Burgh Charters,? No.
At Liberton there was standing till about 1840
a tall peel-house or tower, which was believed to
XXVI.)
have been the residence of Macbeth and other
barons of Liberton, and which must not be confounded
with the solitary square tower that stands
to the westward of the road that leads into the
heart of the Braid Hills, and is traditionally said to
have been the abode of a troublesome robber
laud, who waylaid provisions coming to the city
markets.
The former had an old dial-stone, inscribed
?? God?s Providence is our Inheritance.?
Near the present Liberton Tower the remains
of a Celtic cross were found embedded in a wall in
1863, by the late James Drummond, R.S.A. It
was covered with knot-work.
The old church-or chapel it was more probably
-at Kirk-Liberton, is supposed to have been dedicated
to the Virgin Mary-there having been a
holy spring near it, called our Lady?s Well-and
it had attached to it a glebe of two oxgates of
land.
In the vicinity was a place called Kilmartin,
which seemed to indicate the site of some ancient
and now forgotten chapel.
In.1240 the chapelry of Liberton was disjoined by
David Benham, Bishop of St. Andrews and Great
Chamberlain to the King, from the parish of St.
Cuthbert?s, and constituted a rectory belonging to
the Abbey of Holyrood, and from then till the
Reformation it was served by a vicar.
For a brief period subsequent to 1633, it was a
prebend of the short-lived and most inglorious
bishopric of Edinburgh ; and at the final abolition
thereof it reverted to the disposal of the Crown.
The parochial registers date from 1639.
When the old church was demolished prior to
:he erection of the new, in 1815, there was found
very mysteriously embedded in its basement an
ron medal of the thirteenth century, inscribed in
xncient Russian characters ? THE GRAND PRINCE
3 ~ . ALEXANDER YAROSLAVITCH NEVSKOI.?
The old church is said to have been a picuresque
edifice not unlike that now at Corstor-
Ihine ; the new one is a tolerably handsome semi-
Gothic structure, designed by Gillespie Graham,
,eated for 1,430 persons, and having a square
ower with four ornamental pinnacles, forming a
)leasing and prominent object in the landscape
outhward of the city.
Subordinate to the church there were in Catholic
imes three chapels-one built by James V. at
3rigend? already referred to ; a second at Niddrie,
ounded by Robert Wauchope of Niddrie, in 1389,
.nd dedicated to ? Our .Lady,? but which is now
inly commemorated by its burying-ground-which
ontinues to be in use-and a few faint traces of ... TOWER 327 Liberton.] between 1124 and 1153, according to the Lih Cartarvm Sanchz Crwis. Macbeth of Liberton ...

Book 6  p. 327
(Score 0.55)

INDEX.
Buchanan, Qeorge, 42,247
Buck Stane, 124
Bullock, William, 8
Bud, John, the Poet, 88, 316
Burgess Close, Leith, 362
Burke, the Murderer, 181
Burnet, Miss, 288
Burnings of Edinburgh, 9, 12, 50, 379. See EBertford,
Burns, Robert, 165, 181,200, 238, 252, 346
Burnt Caudlemas, 384
Burse, The, Leith, 359
Burton, Mr, 162
Butter Tron, 50. See Weigh-house
Byres’ Close, 225
Caithness, aeorge Earl of, 390
Calton, The, 353
Calton Hill, 82, 353
Calder, Laird of, 59
Cambuskenneth Abbey, house of the Abbot of, 179
Cameronian Meeting House, Auld, 264 .
Campbell, Sir aeorge, 208
Thomas, the Poet, 346
Candlemaker Row, 332, 342, 411
Candlemakera’ Hall, 430
Canmore, Malcolm, 3, 377
Canon, Ancient, 131. See Mow Meg
Canongate, 55, 82, 276309
Marquis of
Christian, a Witch, 306
Church, 105, 429
Tolbooth. See Tolbooth
Queen of the, 285, 292
Canonmills, Village of, 3, 373
Cant’s Close, 3, 261
Cap and Feather Close, 242
Carberry Hill, 79, 245
Cardross, Lord, 196
Carfrae, Mra, Burns’s first Edinburgh hostess, 166
Carlingwark, Three Thorns of, 130
Carmelitea, Monastery of, 411, 444
Caruegie, Sir Robert, 148
Caroline, Queen, 109, 110
Carpenter, Alexander, 61
Carrubber’s Close, 252, 287
Carthrae’s Wynd, 181
Cassilie, Earl of, 141
Castle, Edinburgh, 2,16,121-133, 284, 419
Church, 127
St Margaret’s Chapel, 127-129
Garrison Chapel, 129
Castlehill, 137-157, 350
Executions on the, 43, 45, 133
Church of St Andrew, 143
Castle Barne., 137
Castrum Puellarum, 3
Cecil (Queen Elizabeth‘s Minister), visits Edinburgh,
68
Cemeteries, Ancient, 205
Chalmers’s Close, 254.
Chambers, Robert, 154
Chapel Wpd, 136
Charles I., 91-94, 190, 203, 294
Charles II., 94-104,218, 362
Statue of, 84, 206, 207, 218
Prince, 110-113, l.59,290
VI. of France, 12
Charteris, Henry, the Printer, 62, 285
John, of Kinclevin, 57
Laurence, 203
Chatelherault, Duke of. See Jama 2d Earl of Arran
Chepman, Walter, the Printer, 30, 72,205,262,321, 388
Cheisley of Dalry, 178, 215
Chessels’s Court, Canongate, 171
Chimney, Aacient Gothic, 176
Chisholme, John, 364
Cholerg 133
Christie’s Will, 243
Churchyard, Thomas, 84
Cinerary Urns, 370
Citadel, Leith, 97, 367
Clamshell Turnpike, 244
Clarinda, 346
Clark’s House, Alexander, 177
Clanrauald, Lady, 303,
Claudero, the Poet, 445-449
Cleanse-the-Causeway, 36, 37, 222, 319
Clement VII., Pope, 41
Clerihugh’s Tavern, 201, 233
Clerk, Sir James, 144
Mansion of, 398
Burial Place of, 389
. Land, Carrubber’s Close, 252
VIII., Pope, 353
John, 169
Bailie George, 339
Clestram, Lady, 165
Clockmaker’s Land, West Bow, 340
Club, Cape, 236
Crochallan, 238, 240
Erskine, 308
Lawnmarket, 157
Mirror, 200, 304
Coach, the first in Scotland, 453
Coalhill, Leith, 361
Coatfield Lane, Leith, 94, 360
Coata House, 328
Cochrane, Earl of Mar, 19
Thomaq 163
Cockbewis, Sir John, 23
Cockburn, Patrick, 17
Cockpen, the Laird of, 143
CofEus, Aucient Oak, 330, 451,452
Stone, 369
Coldingham, Lord John, 73
College, 104, 322
Kirk, 430
Library, 170
Wynd, 322
of Justice, 41
Colaton, Lady, 208
Coltbridge, 95, 110
Coltheart, Mr Thomas, 234
Combe’a Close, Leith, 359
Comedy Hut, New Edinburgh, 238
Comiston, Laird of, 159
3N ... Qeorge, 42,247 Buck Stane, 124 Bullock, William, 8 Bud, John, the Poet, 88, 316 Burgess ...

Book 10  p. 500
(Score 0.54)

254 OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH. [Leith.
The first volume of the ?? Parochial Records ?
begins in January, 1605, a year before the Act,
and contains the usual memoranda of petty tyranny
peculiar to the times, such as the following, modernised
:-
? Compeared Margaret Siclair, being cited by
the Session of the Kirk, and being accused of
being at the Bume (for water?) the last Sabbath
before sermon, confessed, her offence, promised
amendment in all time coming, and was convict of
five pounds.? ?? 10th January, 1605 :-The which day the Session
of the Kirk ordained Janet Merling, and Margaret
Cook, her mother, to make their public repentance
next Sabbath forenoon publicly, for concealing
a bairn unbaptised in her house for the space of
twenty weeks, and calling the said bairn Janet.?
?January ~oth, 1605 :-Cornpeared Marion Anderson,
accused of craving curses and malisons on
the pastor and his family, without any offence being
done by him to her ; and the Session, understanding
that she had been banished before for being in a
lodge on the Links in time of the Plague, with one
Thomas Cooper, sclaiter, after ane maist slanderous
manner, the said Marion was ordained to go to the
place of her offence, confess her sin, and crave
mercy of God,? and never to be found within the
bounds of North Leith, ?under the pain of putting
her toties puoh?es in the jogis,? Le., jougs.
In 1609 Patrick Richardson had to crave mercy
of God for being found in his boat in time of
afternoon sermon ; and many other instances of the
same kind are quoted by Robertson in his ?Antiquities.?
In the same year, Janet Walker, accused
of having strangers (visitors) in her house on Sabbath
in time of sermon, had to confess her offence, and
on her knees crave mercy of God and the Kirk
Session, under penalty of a hundred pounds Scots !
George Wishart, so well known as author of the
elegant ?? Latin Memoirs of Montrose,? a copy of
which was suspended at the neck of that great
cavalier and soldier at his execution in 1650, was
appointed minister of North Leith in 1638, when
the signing of the Covenant, as a protection against
England and the king, became almost necessarily
the established test of faith and allegiance to Scotland.
Deposed for refusing to subscribe it,
Wishart was thrown into a dungeon of the old
Heart of Midlothian, in consequence of the discovery
of his secret correspondence with the king?s
party. He survived the storm of the Civil Wars,
and was made Bishop of Edinburgh on the reestablishment
of episcopacy.
He died in 1671, in his seventy-first year, and
was buried in Holyrood, where his tomb is still to
be seen, with an inscription so long that it amounts
to a species of biography.
John Knox, minister of North Leith, was, in 1684,
committed to the Bass Rock. While a probationer,
he was in the Scottish army, and chaplain to the
garrison in Tantallon when it was besieged by
Cromwell?s troops. He conveyed the Earl of
Angus and some ladies privately in a boat to
North Berwick, and returned secretly to the Castle,
and was taken prisoner when it capitulated. He
was a confidant of the exiled monarch, and supplied
him with money. A curious mendicant letter to
him from His Majesty is given in the ?Scots
Worthies.?
4 The last minister who officiated in the Church
of St. Ninian-now degraded to a granary or store
-was the venerable Dr. Johnston, the joint founder
of the Edinburgh Blind Asylum, who held the incumbency
for more than half a century. The old
edifice had become unsuited to modem requirements
; thus the foundation of a new parish church
for North Leith had been completed elsewhere in
1816, and on the zgthof August in that year he took
a very affecting leave of the old parish church in
which he had officiated so long.
?? He expressed sentiments of warm attachment
to a flock among which Providence had so long
permitted him to minister,? says the Scofs Magazine
(Vol. LXXVII.); ?and in alluding, with much
feeling, to his own advanced age, mentioned his
entire sensibility of the approach of that period
when the speaker and the hearer should no longer
dwell together, and hoped they should ultimately
rejoice in ? a house not made with hands, eternal
in the heavens.? ??
Before ten a.m. on the 1st September a great
crowd collected before the door of the new church,
which was speedily filled. All corporate bodies
having an interest in it, including the magistrates
of the Canongate, were present, and Dr. Johnston,
after reading the 6th chapter of z Chronicles,
delivered a sermon and solemn address, which
affected all who heard it.
The Rev. David Johnston, D.D., died on the
5th of July, 1824, aged ninety-one years.
Four years after, the Cowant had the following
announcement :-? The public are aware of the
many claims which the late Dr. Johnston of North
Leith had on the grateful remembrance of the
community. Few men have exerted themselves so
assiduously in forwarding the great objects of religion
and philanthropy, and it gives us much pleasure
to learn that a, well-merited tribute to his memory
has just been completed in the erection of a beautiful
bust in the church of North Leith. The follow ... OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH. [Leith. The first volume of the ?? Parochial Records ? begins in January, 1605, a year ...

Book 6  p. 254
(Score 0.54)

[North Bridge. __ 362 OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH.
Magazine (started in Edinburgh), and minister of? son of Sir Michael Balfour of Denmylne. An emithe
Congregational church in Glasgow. I nent physician and botanist, he was born in 1630,
In 1828, on the 8th of June-the fiftieth year of graduated in medicine at St. Andrews, prosecuted
his ministry being complete-a hundred gentlemen, his medical studies under the famous Harvey in
? connected with Lady Glenorchy?s chapel, enter- I London, after which he visited Blois, to see the
t:tined Dr. Jones at a banquet given in his honour , celebrated botanical garden of the Duke de ~~ at the Waterloo Tavern, and presented him ?with
an elegant silver vase, as a tribute of the respect
and esteem which the people entertained for the
..uniform uprightness of his conduct during the long
period they had enjoyed his ministry.?
Lady Glenorchy?s chapel and school were alike
demolished in 1845, as stated. The former, as a
foundation, is now in Roxburgh Place, as a chapel
in connection with the Establishment. ? It has now
a quoad sacm district attached to it,? says FuZZarton?s
Gazetteer; ?? the charge h 1835 was collegiate.
<There is attached to the chapel a school attended
by IOO or 120 poor children.?
In the same quiet and secluded hollow, overlooked
by the Trinity Church and Hospital, the
Orphan Hospital, and the Glenorchy Chapel-in
the very bed of. what was once the old loch, and
where now prevail all the bustle and uproar of
one of the most confused of railway termini, and
where, ever and anon, the locomotive sends up its
shriek to waken the echoes of the Calton rocks 01
the enormous masses of the Post-office buildings,
and those which flank the vast Roman-like span of
the Regent Bridge-lay the old Physic Gardens,
for the creation of which Edinburgh was indebted
to one or two of her eminent physicians in the
seventeenth century.
They extended between the New Port at the
foot of Halkerston?s Wynd, i.e., from the east side 01
the north bridge to the garden of the Trinity
College Hospital, which Lord Cockburn describes
as being ?? about a hundred feet square ; but it is
only turf surrounded by a gravel walk. An old
thorn, and an old elm, destined never to be in leaf
again, tell of old springs and old care. And there
is a wooden summer house, which has heard many
ipi old man?s crack, and seen the sun soften many
an old man?s wrinkles.?
In Gordon of Rothiemay?s view this particular
garden (now among the things that were) is shown
as extending from the foot of Halkerston?s Wyiid
to the west gable of the Trinity Hospital, and
northward in a line with the tower of the church.
From the New Port, the Physic Garden, occupying
much of that we have described, lay north
cross the valley, to where a path between hedgerows
led to the Orphan Hospital. It is thus shown
in Edgar?s plan, in 1765. .
1 It owed its origin to Sir Andrew Balfour, the
Guise, then kept by his countryman Dr. Robert
Morison, author of the ?? Hortus Regius Bloisensis,?
and afterwards, in 1669, professor of botany at
Oxford.
In 1667 Balfour commenced to practise as a
physician in St. Andrews, but in 1670 he removed
to Edinburgh, where among other improvements he
introduced the manufacture of paper into Scotland.
Having a small botanical garden attached to his
house, and chiefly furnished with rare seeds sent by
his foreign correspondents, he raised there many
plants never before seen in Scotland. His friend
and botanical pupil, Mr. Patrick Murray of Livingstone,
had formed at his seat a botanic garden containing
fully a thousand specimens of plants ; and
after his death Dr. Balfour transferred the whole
of this collection to Edinburgh, and, joining it to
his own, laid the foundation of the first botanic
garden in Scotland, for which the magistrates allotted
him a part of the Trinity garden, and then,
through the patronage of Sir Robert Sibbald, the
eminent physician and naturalist, Mr. James Sutherland,
an experienced botanist, was appointed headgardener.
After this Balfour was created a baronet by
Charles 11. He was the first who introduced the
dissection of the hunian body into Scotland; he
planned the present Royal College of Physicians,
projected the great hospital now known as the
Royal Infirmary; and died full of honours in 1694,
bequeathing his museum to the university.
It was in September, 1676, that he placed the
superintending of the Physic Garden under James
Sutherland, who was by profession a gardener, but
of whose previous history little is known. ? By his
ownindustry,? says Sir Robert SibbaId, ?heobtained
to great knowledge of plants,? and seems to have
been one of those self-made men of whom Scotland
has produced so many of whom she may well be
proud. In 1683 he published his ?Norizcs Nedicus
Edinburgensis, or a catalogue of the plants in the
Physic Gardens at Edinburgh, containing the
most proper Latin and English names,? dedicated
to the Lord Provost, Sir George Drummond. In
his little garden in the valley of the North Loch
he taught the science of herbs to the students of
medicine for small fees, receiving no other encouragement
than a salary of A20 from the city, which
did not suffice to pay rent and Servants? wages, to ... Bridge. __ 362 OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH. Magazine (started in Edinburgh), and minister of? son of Sir Michael ...

Book 2  p. 362
(Score 0.54)

The City Cross. J EXECUTIONS AT. THE CITY CROSS. ?5?
It flits, expands, and 2 hifts, till loud
From midmost of the spectre crowd,
The awfd sunzmom canu I?
Then, according to Pitscottie, followed the ghastly
roll of all who were doomed to fall at Flodden, including
the name of Mr. Richard Lawson, who
?? Then on its battlements they saw
A vision passing Nature?s law,
Strange, wild, and dimly seen ;
Figures that seemed to rise and die,
Gibber and sign, advance and fly,
While nought confirmed could ear or eye
Dream of sound or mien.
Yet darkly.did it seem as there,
Heralds and pursuivants prepare,
, qith trumpet sound and blazon fair,
A summons to proclaim ;
But?indistinct the pageant.proud,
As fancy forms of midnight cloud,
When flings the moon uwn her shroud
As ever Scotland bred,
A catheran to his trade.
Had ever greater joy,
I and my Gilderoy !?
Descended from a highland clan,
No woman then or woman-kind
Than we two when we lived alone, .
wild pranks on the shores of Loch Lomond, when
brought to Edinburgh, were drawn backwards on a
hurdle to the cross, on the 27th of July, 1636, and
there hanged-Gilderoy and John Fprbes suffering
on a higher gallows than the rest, and, further, having
their heads and hands struck off, to be affixed to
the city gates, Gilderoy, we need scarcely add,
has obtained a high ballad fame. There is a broadside
of the time, containing a lament to him written
by his mistress, in rudeverses, not altogether without
some pathos ; one verse runs thus :-
??I appeal from that summons and sentence,?
he exclaimed, courageously, ? and take me to the
mercy of God and Christ Jesus His Son.?
? Verily,? adds Pitscottie, ?the author of this,
that caused write the manner of this summons, was
a landed gentleman, who was at that time twenty
years of age, and was in the town at the time
? My love he was as brave a man
of these exhibitions we shall take the following
from the diary of Nicoll vmhziim :-
?* Last September, 1652. Twa Englisches, for
drinking the King?s health, were takin and bund
at Edinburgh croce, quhair either of thame resavit
bf the saidsummons, and thereafter when the field thretty-nine quhipes -on thair naiked bakes and
was stricken, he swore to me thm was no man shoulderis; thairafter their lugs were naillit to the
escujed that was called in this summons, but that gallows. The ane had his lug cuttit from the ruitt
man alone who made his protestation and appealed with a razor, the uther being also naillit to the gibfrom
the said summons, but afC the Cave perished in bet had his mouth skobif, and his tong being drawn
the field with the king.? out the full length, was bound together betwix twa
Under the shadow of that cross have been trans- sticks, A G Y ~ iugeddw, with m skainzie-tbd, for the
acted many deeds of real horror, more than we can
enumerate here-but a few may suffice. There, in
1563, Sir Jaines Tarbat, a Roman Catholic priest,
was pilloried in his vestments, with a chalice bound
to his hands, and, as Knox has it, was served by the
mob with ?his Easter eggs,? till he was pelted to
death. There died Sir William Kirkaldy, hanged
space of half one hour thereby.? Punishments of
this cruel kind were characteristic of the times, and
were not peculiar to the Scottish capital alone.
In later and more peaceful times the city cross
was the ?Change, the great resort of the citizens for a
double purpose. They met there to discuss the
topics of the day and see their acquaintances, with-
*with his face to the sun? (as Knox curiously pre- out the labour of forenoon calls down steep closes I dicted before his own death), for the execution took and up steeper turnpike stairs ; and these gatherings I place at four in the afternoon, when the sun was in I usually took place between the hours of one and two,
the west (Calderwood) ; and there, in time to come, , And during the reigns of the two first Georges it
died his enemy Morton. There died Montrose , was customary at this place, as the very centre and
and many of his cavalier comrades, amid every ! cynosare of the ?city, for the magistrates to drink
ignominy that could be inflicted upon them ; and , the king?s health on a stage, *? loyalty being a virtue
the two Argyles, father and son. An incredible I which always becomes peculiarly ostentatious when
number of real and imaginary criminals have ren- I it is under any suspic,ion of weakness.?
dered up their lives on that fatal spot, and among 1 ?The cross, the font or basin of which ran with
the not least interesting of the former we may men- wine on festive occasions, was the peculiar rallyiiig
tion Gilderoy, or ? the red-haired lad,? whose real point of those now extinct Zuzzaroni-the street
name was Patrick Macgregor, and who, with ten , messengers or caddies. ? A ragged, half-blackguard
other caterans, accused of cattle-lifting and many 1 lobking set they .. were, but allowed to be amazingly ... City Cross. J EXECUTIONS AT. THE CITY CROSS. ?5? It flits, expands, and 2 hifts, till loud From midmost of ...

Book 1  p. 151
(Score 0.54)

lection of glittering jewels, of which Tytler gives
the list. In the ?inventory? of the Jewel House
are mentioned five relics of Robert Bruce, viz.,
four silver goblets and a shirt of mail, ?King
Robert?s serk,? as it is written. Among his
cannon were two great French curtalds, forty-six
other pieces of various calibre, and sixteen fieldwaggons,
with a vast quantity of military stores of
every description.
. The quarrels between James and his arrogant
nobles deepened day by day. At last, says Godscroft,.
a story went abroad that it was proposed
to invite them all to a banquet in the great hall
of the Castle, and there cut them off root and
branch ! This startling rumour led to others, and
all culminated in the battle of Sauchieburn, where
James perished, under the dagger of an assassin,
on the 8th of June, 1488-a monarch who, more
than any other of the Stuarts, contributed towards
the permanent prosperity of the Scottish metropolis.
?By favour of his charters its local jurisdiction
was left almost exclusively in the hands
of its own magistrates; on them were conferred
ample powers for enacting laws for its governance,
with authority in life and death-still vested in its
chief magistrate-an independence which was
afterwards defended amid many dangers down to
the period of the Union. By his charters, also in
their favour, they obtained the right, which they
still hold, to all the customs of the haven and
harbour of Leith, with the proprietorship of the
adjacent coast, and all the roads leading thereto.?
On the accession of James IV., in his boyhood,
he sent a herald from Leith to demand the surrender
of the Castle, and a commission consisting
of the Lord High Treasurer, Sir Wi11;am Knowles
(afterwards slain at Flodden), and others, took
over all the personal property of the late king.
The inventory taken on this occasion, according
to Tytler, affords a pleasing and favourable idea
of the splendour of the Scottish court in those
days.
In the treasurer?s accounts we have many curious
entries concerning the various Scottish harpers,
fiddlers, and English pipers, that performed here
to amuse James IV. ?July 10, 1489 ; to Inglish
pyparis that cam to the Caste1 yet and p1.ayit to
the king, viij lib. viij s,?
During the reign of the chivalrous and splendid
James 1V.-who was crowned at Kelso-Edinburgh
became celebrated throughout all Europe as
the scene of knightly feats. The favourite place for
the royal tournaments was a spot of ground just
below the Cast16 rock, and near the king?s stables.
There, James in particular, assembled the nobles by
prwlamation, for jousting, offering such meeds of
honour as a golden-headed lance, or similar
favours, presented by his own hand or that of
some beautiful woman. Knights came from all
countries to take part in these jousts; ?bot,?
says Pitscottie, ?few or none of thame passed
away unmatched, and oftimes overthrowne.?
One notable encounter, witnessed by the
king from the Castle wall, took place in 1503,
when a famous cavalier of the Low Countries,
named by Pitscottie Sir John Cochbevis, challenged
the .best knight in Scotland to break
a spear, or meet him d outrancc in combat to
the death. Sir Patrick Hamilton of the house
of Arran took up his challenge. Amid a vast
concourse, they came to the barriers, lanced,
horsed, and clad in .tempered mail, with their
emblazoned shields hung round their necks. At
sound of trumpet they rushed to the shock, and
splintered their spears fairly. Fresh ones were
given them, but as Hamilton?s horse failed him,
they drew their two-handed swords, and encountered
on foot. They fought thus ?for a full
hour, till the Dutchman being struck to the
ground,? the king cast his plumed bonnet over
the wall to stay the combat, while the heralds
and trumpeters proclaimed the Scottish knight
victorious.
But the court of James was distinguished for
other things than the science of war, for during
his brilliant reign Edinburgh became the resort of
men high in every department of science and
art; and the year 1512 saw the Provost of St.
Giles?s, Gavin Douglas, translating Virgil?s ?Bneid?
into Scottish verse.
In the Castle there resided, about 1503, Lady
Margmet Stuart, the daughter of James, by Margaret
Drummond of that ilk, whom he is said to
have married clandestinely, and who was removed
by some Scottish conspirators ?? to . make way
for a daughter of England,? as an old historian
has i t She was poisoned, together with her two
sisters; and in August, 1503, ?the daughter of
England? duly came in the person of Margaret
Tudor, whose marriage to James at Edinburgh
was conducted with great splendour and much
rejoicing.
In 1509 James employed his master gunner,
Robert Borthwick, to cast a set of brass ordnance
for the Castle, all of which were inscribed
-Mmfim sum, Scofo Borfhwick Eizbricafa, Roberto.
Seven of these were named by James ? the sisters,?
being remarkable for their beauty and size. Borthc
wick also cast within the Castle the bells that now
hang in the cathedral of St. Magnus at Kirkwall
? ... of glittering jewels, of which Tytler gives the list. In the ?inventory? of the Jewel House are mentioned ...

Book 1  p. 35
(Score 0.54)

Restalrig.] LHL LA31 UP THE LOGANS. I35 -_7n T I?-
,
sible eyrie, Fast Castle, there to await the orders
of Elizabeth or the other conspirators as to the disposal
of his person.
Logan?s connection with this astounding treason
remained unknown till nine years after his death,
when the correspondence between him and the
Earl of Gowrie was discovered in possession of
Sprott, a notary at Eyemouth, who had stolen
them from a man named John Bain, to whom
they had been entrusted. Sprott was executed,
and Logan?s bones were brought into court to
havea sentence passed upon them, when it was
ordained ?that the memorie?and dignitie of the
said umqle Robert Logan be extiiict and abolisheit,?
his arms riven and deleted from all books
of arms and all his goods escheated.
The poor remains of the daring old conspirator,
were then retaken to the church of St. Mary at
Leith and re-interred j and during the alterations
in that edifice, in 1847, a coffin covered with the
richest purple velvet was found in a place where
no interment had taken place for years, and the
bones in it were supposed by antiquaries to be
those of the turbulent Logan, the last laird of
Restalrig.
His lands, in part, with the patronage of South
Leith, were afterwards bestowed upon James
Elphinstone, Lord Balmerino ; but the name still
lingered in Restalrig, as in 1613 we find that
John Logan a portioner there, was fined LI,OOO
for hearing mass at the Netherbow with James of
Jerusalem.
Logan was forfeited in 1609, but his lands had
been lost to him before his death, as Nether Gogar
was purchased from him in I 596, by Andrew Logan
of Coatfield, Restalrig in 1604 by Balmerino, who
was interred, in 1612, in thevaulted mausoleum beside
the church ; ?and the English army,? says
Scotstarvit, ? on their coming to Scotland, in 1650,
expecting to have found treasures in that place,
hearing that lead coffins were there, raised up his
body and threw it on the streets, because they
could get no advantage or money, when they expected
so much.?
In 1633 Charles I. passed through, or near,
Restalrig, on his way to the Lang Gate, prior to
entering the city by the West Port.
William Nisbet of Dirleton was entailed in the
lands of Restalrig in 1725, and after the attainder
and execution of her husband, Arthur Lord Balmerino,
in I 746, his widow-Elizzbeth, daughter
of a Captain Chalmers-constantly resided in the
village, and there she died on the 5th January, 1767.
Other persons of good position dwelt in the
village in those days; among them we may note
?
Sir James Campbell of Aberuehill, many years a
Commissioner of the Customs, who died there 13th
May, 1754, and was buried in the churchyard ; and
in 1764, Lady Katharine Gordon, eldest daughter
of the Earl of Aboyne, whose demise there is
recorded in the first volume of the Edinburgh
Adverhjer.
Lord Alemoor, whose town house was in Niddry?s
Wynd, was resident at Hawkhill, where he died in
1776 ; and five years before that period the village
was the scene of great festal rejoicings, when
Patrick Macdowal of Freugh, fifth Earl of Dumfries,
was married to Miss Peggy Crawford, daughter of
Ronald Crawford, Esq., of Restalng.?
From Peter Williamson?s Directory it appears
that Restalrig was the residence, in 1784, of Alexander
Lockhart, the famous Lord Covington. In
the same year a man named James Tytler, who had
ascended in a balloon from the adjacent Comely
Gardens, had a narrow escape in this quarter. He
was a poor man, who supported himself and his
family by the use of his pen, and he conceived the
idea of going up in a balloon on the Montgolfier
principle ; but finding that he could not carry a firestove
with him, in his desperation and disappointment
he sprang into his car with no other sustaining
power than a common crate used for packing
earthenware; thus his balloon came suddenly
down in the road near Restalrig. For a wonder
Tytler was uninjured; and though he did not
reach a greater altitude than three hundred feet,
nor traverse a greater distance than half a mile, yet
his name must ever be mentioned as that of the
first Briton who ascended with a balloon, and who
was the first man who so ascended in Britain.?
It is impossible to forget that the pretty village,
latterly famous chiefly as a place for tea-gardens
and strawbemy-parties, was, in the middle of the
last century, the scene of some of the privations
of the college life of the fine old Rector Adam of
the High School, author of ?Roman Antiquities,?
and other classical works. In 1758 he lodged
there in the house of a Mr. Watson, and afterwards
with a gardener. The latter, says Adam, in some
of his MS. memoranda (quoted by Dr. Steven),
was a Seceder, a very industrious man, who had
family worship punctually morning and evening,
in which I cordially joined, and alternately said
prayers. After breakfast I went to town to attend
my classes and my private pupils. For dinner I
had three small coarse loaves called baps, which I
got for a penny-farthing. As I was now always
dressed in my best clothes, I was ashamed to buy
these from a baker in the street. I therefore went
down to a baker?s in the middle of a close. I put ... LHL LA31 UP THE LOGANS. I35 -_7n T I?- , sible eyrie, Fast Castle, there to await the orders of ...

Book 5  p. 135
(Score 0.54)

Leith.] THE FIRST BRIDGE. 167
Kirk aark, and to be-deprived of- the freedom (of
the city) for ane zeare.? 1
.of the harbour, for the erection of quays and wharfs
and for the loading of goods, with the liberty to
have shops and granaries, and to make all necessary
roads thereto ; but this grasping feudal baron
afterwards sorely teased and perplexed the town
council with points of litigation, till eventually he
roused them to adopt a strong measure for satiating
.at once his avarice and their own ambition.
Bought over by them with alarge sum of nionfy
.drawn from the city treasury, Sir Robert Logan on
;the 27th of February, 1413, granted them an extraordinary
charter, which has been characterised as
an exclusive, ruinous, and enslaving bond,? restraining
the luckless inhabitants of Leith from
.carrying on trade cE any sort, from possessing warehouses
or shops, from keeping inns for strangers,
? so that nothing should be built or constructed on
the said land (in Leith) in future, to the prejudice
and impediment of the said community.? The
witnesses to this grant are George Lauder the Pro-
Test, and the Bailies, William Touris of Cramond,
William of Edmondston, James Cant, Dean of
Guild, John Clark of Lanark, Andrew Learmouth,
and William of the Wood.
In 1428 King James I. granted a charter under
.his great seal, with consent of the community of
Edinburgh, ordaining ? that in augmentation of the
fabrik and reparation of the port and harbour of
Leith, there should be uplifted a certain tax or toll
upon all ships and boats entering therein,? This
is dated from the Palace of Dunfermline, 31st
December. (Burgh Records.)
In 1439 Patrick, abbot of Holyrood, granted to
Sir Robert Logan and his heirs the office of bailie
aver the abbey lands of St. Leonards, ?lyande in
the town of Leicht, within the barony of Restalrig,
on the south halfe the water, from the end of the
gret volut of William Logane on the east part to
the common gate that passes to the ford over the
water of Leicht, beside the waste land near the
house of John of Turing,? etc. (Burgh Charters.)
Not content with the power already given them
over their vassals in Leith, the magistrates of Edinburgh,
after letting the petty customs and haven
siller? of Leith for the sum of one hkdred and
ten merks in 1485, passed a remarkable order in
council :-? That no merchant of Edinburgh presume
to take into partnership any indweller of the
town of Leith, under pain of forty pounds to the
he proceeded to Leith tb hold his water courts,
such an escort being deemed necessary for the
In 1497 the civic despots of Edinburgh obtained,
on writ from the Privy Council, that ? all manner
of persons, quhilk are infectit, or has been infectit
and uncurrit of the contageouse plage, callit
the grand gore, devoid red and pass furth of
this towne, and compeir on the sandis of Leith,
at ten hours before noon, and thair shall have
boats reddie in the Haven, ordainit to thame be
the officears, reddie furnished with victualles, to
have them to the inche, there to remain quhi!l
God provide for thair health.? (Town Council
Records.)
As regards Leith, a much more important event
is recorded four years before this, when Robert
Ballantyne, abbot of Holyrood, ? with the consent
of his chapter and the approbation of William,
Archbishop of St. Andrews,? first spanned the
river by a solid stone bridge, thus connecting South
and North Leith, holding the right of levying a toll
therefor. It was a bridge of three arches; of
which Lord Eldin made a sketch in 1779, and part
of one of the piers of which still remains. Abbot
Ballantyne also built a chapel thereby, and in his
charter it is expressly stated, after enumerating the
tithes and tolls of the bridge, ?that the stipend of
each of the two incumbents is to be limited to
fifteen merks, and after the repairs of the said
bridge and chapel, and lighting the same, the surplus
is to be given to the poor.?
This chapel was dedicated to St. Ninian the
apostle of Galloway, and the abbot?s charter was
confirmed by King James IV. on the 1st June,
1493. He also established a range of buildings
on the south side of the river, a portion of which,
says Robertson, writing in 1851, still exists in
the form of a gable and large oven, at the locality
generally designated ? the Old Bridge End.? ?
The part in Leith whereon, it is said, the first
houses were built in the twelfth century, is bounded ,
on the south by the Tolbooth Wynd, on the west
by the shore or quay, on the north by the Broad
Wynd, and on the east by the Rotten Row, now
called Water Lane. One of the broadest alleys in
this ancient quarter is the Burgess Close,? ten feet
in width, and was the first road granted to the
citizens of Edinburgh by Logan of Kestalng.
In the year 1501, all freemen of the city, to the
number of twenty or so, were directed by the
magistrates to accompany the water bailie when ... THE FIRST BRIDGE. 167 Kirk aark, and to be-deprived of- the freedom (of the city) for ane zeare.? 1 .of ...

Book 5  p. 167
(Score 0.54)

440 INDEX TO THE NAMES,
J
JACKMAN, Dr., 255
Jackson, Sergeant, 379
Janies VI., 28, 94, 128, 196, 2C
James VII., 385
Jamieson, Miss, 195
Jamieson, Mr. Patrick, 224
Jamieson, William, Esq., 225
lamieson, Mr. Henry, 261
lardine, Sir Henry, 3, 237
Jardine, John, Esq., 131
lardine, Dr, 299
lerdan, Mr., 221
rohnson, Dr., 66, 73, 121, 15:
365
lohnston, Miss, 99
-ohmton, Rev. John, 398
'ohnston, Rev. Dr., 300, 398
.ohnston, Rev. Andrew, 321
ohnston, Miss Ann, 254
ohnstone, Admiral Sir William
ones, William, 145
ones, Dr., 194
ones, Paul, 400
ustice, Captain, 40
ustice, Sir James, 317
197
K
:AMES, Lord, 22, 73, 366
raunitz, Prince de, 328
Eay, Mr. John, 1
Ray, James, 1
gay, Norman, 1
Ray, Mrs., 2
Eeith, Sir R. Murray, 328
Kellie, Lord, 127
Kelly, Earl of, 234, 325
Eemble, Miss, 116
Hope, Lady Alexander, 75
Hope, Hon. John, 80, 92
Hope, Hon. Alexander, 92
Hope, Lady Jane, 103
Hope, Henry, 196
Hope, Sir Thomas, Bart., 196,3
Hope, Lord, 196
Hope, Lady Anne, 197
Hope, General John, G.C.B., I!
Hope, Hon. John, 199
Hope, Hon. James, 199
Hope, Lady Alicia, 199
Hope, Thomas, 199
Hope, Adrian, 199
Hope, Hon. Charles, 239, 240
Hope, Lady Elizabeth, 283
Hope, Sir John, 313
Hope, General, 404
Hopetoun, Earl of, 92, 93,99,10:
196, 199, 283
Hopetoun, Countess Dowage]
199
Horner and Inglis, Messrs., 255
264
Horner, Francis, Esq., 264
Horner, Dlr. Lconard, 264
Horner, Nr. John, 307
Hotham, Sir William, 361
Houston, Lieutenant Andrew, 23
Howe, Lord, 212, 213
Howe, General, 267
Hume, David, the historian, 20
Hume, -, Esq., of Paxton
Hume, Lieutenant David, 237
Hume, Mr. Baron, 303, 393
Hume, Mr. Joseph, 306
Hunter, Dfr., 40
Hunter, Thomas, 44, 45
Hunter, Robert, of Polmood, 44
Hunter, Adam, 45
Hunter, Mr. John, 62
Hunter-Blair, Sir David, Bart., 64
Hunter, James, 210
Hnnter, Mr. David, 237
Hunter, Mr., of BIackness, 246
Hunter, Dr. William, 254
Hunter, Andrew, Esq., 298
Hunter, Rev. John, 302
Hunter, Mr., Governor of Syd-
Hunter, Professor Robert, 321
Huntly, Marquis of, 108
Husband, Paul, Esq., 359
66, 70, 183, 215, 382
105
45
ney, 310
I
INGLIBBa,i lie David, 224
Inglis, Dean of Guild David, 22.
Inglis and Horner, Messrs., 259
Inglis, Captain John, 307
Inglis, Captain, of Redhall, 363
Innes, Rev. William, 194, 195
Innes, Gilbert, Esq., 307
Innes, Mr. George, 427
Ireland, Rev. Dr, 373
264
Husband, Miss Emilia, 359
Hutton, Dr. 20, 63, 75
Hutton, Mr. John, 361
Hutton, Rev, William, 400, 401
ETC.
Eemble, E., 149
Kemble, E. Stephen, 330
Eemp, Rev. David, 282
Kennet, Lord, 217, 350
Keppel, Commodore, 360
Kerr, James, Esq., 104
Kerr, Lord Charles, 104
Kern, Captain Charles, 237
Ken, Alexander, Esq., 413
Eerahaw, Mr., 174
Keys, Dr., 71
Kid, Captain, 401
Kid, Mrs., 401
Kilkerran, Lord, 366
Kilmarnock, Lord, 203
Kinloch, E.4,0
Kinnear, Mr. George, 261, 307
Kinnoull, Earl of, 282
Kirwan, Nr., 56
Knox, -, 127
L
LACKINGTOHKe,n ry, 140
Laing, Mr. James, 111, 236
Laing, Mr,, 427
Lamash, Mrs., 83
Lamond, Mr. John, 284
Lamont, Mr. John, 58, 59
Lamont, Miss Euphemia, 59
Lapslie, Rev. Mr. James, 82
Lashley v. Hog, celebrated case,
Lauder, Sir Thomas Dick, 424
Lauderdale,Earl of, 131, 203, 321,
Law, John, of Lauriston, 43
Law, James, Esq., 237, 401
Law,William, Esq., 313
iaw, Miss Isabella, 313
daw, Ess, 404
>awrie, Niss, 398
>awrie and Symington, Messrs.,
.eake, Mr., 148
,cake and Harris, Messrs., 149
>eckie, William, Esq., 403
,eckie, Nr., 403 ~
,edwich, Dr., 47
dee, General, 267
,eigh, Egerton, Esq., 110
,eigh, Miss Mary Anne, 110
#e Maiatre, Miss Maria Cecilia,
39
empriere, Mr., 221
ennox, Colonel, 235
45
392
Mr., W.S., 404
412 ... INDEX TO THE NAMES, J JACKMAN, Dr., 255 Jackson, Sergeant, 379 Janies VI., 28, 94, 128, 196, 2C James ...

Book 8  p. 613
(Score 0.54)

Bell?s Mills.] LADY SINCLAIR. 63
portray. She was born Margaret Learmouth, at
~ 6 , St John Street, in the Canongate, in January)
1794, while that street and much of the neighbour.
hood around it were still the centre of the literaq
and fashionable society of the then secluded
capital of Scotland.
Thus she was old enough to have seen and
known many who were ? QUt with the Prince ? b
1745, and reminiscences of these people and 01
their days were ever a favourite theme with hei
when she had a sympathetic listener. ?Old
maiden ladies,? she was wont to say, with a sort 01
sad pitifulness in her tone, ?were the last lea1
Jacobites in Edinburgh ; spinsterhood in its loneli.
ness remained then ever true to Prince Charlit
and the vanished dreams of youth.? Lady Sinclaii
used to relate how in the old Episcopal Chapel in
the Cowgate, now St. Patrick?s Church, the last
solitary representative of these Jacobite ladies nevei
failed to close her prayer-book and stand erect, in
d e n t protest, when the prayer for King George 111.
?( and the reigning family ? was read in the Church
Service. Early in her girlhood her family removed
from St. John Street to Picardy Place, and the
following adventure, which she used to relate,
curiously evinces the difference between the social
customs of the early years of this century and those
of the present day.
? Once, when she was returning from a ball, the
bearers of her sedan-chair had their bonnets carried
off by the wind, while the street oil-lamps were
blown out, and the ? Donalds ? departed in pursuit
of their head-gear. It was customary in those
times for gentlemen to escort the sedan-chairs
that held their fair partners of the evening, and
the two gentlemen who were with her-the Duke
af Argyle and Sir John Clerk of Penicuickseized
hold of the spokes and carried her home.
?Gentlemen were gentlemen in those days,? she was
wont to add, ?and Edinburgh was the proper
residence of the Scottish aristocracy-not an inn
.or a half-way house between London and the
Highland muirs.? ?
In 1821 she was married to Mr. Sinclair, afterwards
Sir John Sinclair, Bart., of Dunbeath, and
for fifty years afterwards her home was at the
House of Barock, in Caithness, where her influence
among the poor was ever felt and gratefully
acknowledged. She was a staunch and
amusingly active Liberal, and, with faculties clear
and unimpaired in the last week of her long life,
noted and commented on Mr. Gladstone?s famous
? hlidlothian speeches,? and rejoiced over his
success. She was always scrupulously dressed,
and in the drawing-room down to the day of
her death. She saw all her children die before
her, in early or middle life; her eldest, Colonel
Sinclair, dying in India in his forty-fifth year. After
Sir John?s death she settled in Edinburgh.
?I am the last leaf on the outmost bough,?
she was wont to say, ?and want to fall where I
was born.? And so she passed away.
When she was interred within the Chapel Royal
at Holyrood, it was supposed that she would be one
of the last to whom that privilege would be accorded.
It was not so ; for the remains of James,
Earl of Caithness, who died in America, were laid
there in April, 1881.
The Dean, or Den, seems to have been the old
general name for the rocky hollow now spanned
by the stately bridge of Telford.
Bell?s Mills, a hamlet deep down in a grassy
glen, with an old bridge, aver which for ages lay
the only road to the Queensferry, and now overshadowed
by fashionable terraces and crescents, is
described by Kincaid in 1787 as a village, ?one and
three-quarter niiles north-west of Edinburgh, on the
north bank of the Water of Leith, and .a quarter
of a mile west of West Leith village.? * It received
its name from an old proprietor of the
flour-mills, which are still grinding there, and have
been long in existence. ?? On Thursday night
last,? says the Zdinburgh Advertseer of 3rd January:
1764, ? the high wall at Bells Brae, near the
Water of Leith Bridge, fell down, by which accident
the footpath and part of the turnpike road are
carried away, which makes it hazardous for carriages.
This notice may be of use to those who have
occasion to pass that road.?
At the head of the road here, near the Dean
Bridge, is a Free Church, built soon after the
Disruption-a little edifice in the Saxon style, with
a square tower ; and a quaint little ancient crowstepped
building, once a toll-house, has built into
it some of the old sculpture from the Dean House.
At the foot of the road, adjoining Bell?s Mills
Bridge, are old Sunbury distillery and house, in a
lelta formed by the Leith, which sweeps under a
steep and well-wooded bank which is the boundary
3f the Dean Cemetery.
The Water of Leith village, which bears marks of
peat antiquity, is fast disappearing amid the enxoachments
of modern streets, and yet all that renains
of it, deep down in the rocky hollow, where
:he stream, flowing under its quaint old bridge,
3etween ancient mills, pours in a foaming sheet
wer a high, broad weir, is wonderfully striking
ind picturesque. Dates, inscriptions, crowstepped
:ables, and other features of the seventeenth
:entury, abound here in profusion.
. ... Mills.] LADY SINCLAIR. 63 portray. She was born Margaret Learmouth, at ~ 6 , St John Street, in the ...

Book 5  p. 63
(Score 0.54)

High Street.] DR. CULLEN. 271 -
it jure tan?io hyfotheca till he was paid the price
of it.?
The same house was, in the succeeding century,
occupied by Dr. William Cullen, the eminent
physician; while Lord Hailes lived in the more
ancient lodging in the south portion of the Mint,
prior to his removal to the modern house which
he built for himself in New Street, Canongate.
William Cullen was born in Lanarkshire, in
1710, and after passing in medicine at Glasgow,
made several voyages as surgeon of a merchantman
between London and the Antilles; but tiring of
thesea, he took a country practice at Hamilton,
and his luckily curing the duke of that name of an
illness, secured him a patronage for the future, and
after various changes, in 1756, on the death of Dr.
Plummer, he took the vacant chair of chemistry
in the University of Edinburgh. On the death
of Dr. Piston he succeeded him as lecturer in
materia medica, and three years afterwards resigned
the chair of chemistry to his own pupil,
Dr. Black, on being appointed professor of the
theory of medicine.
As a lecturer Dr. Cullen exercisedagreat influence
over the state of opinion relative to the science
of medicine, and successfully combated the specious
doctrines of Boerhaave depending on the
humoral pathology ; his own system was founded
on the enlarged view of the principles of Frederick
Hoffnian. The mere enumeration of his works on
medicine would fill a page, but most of them were
translated into nearly every European language.
. He continued his practice as a physician as well as
his medical lectures till a few months before his
death, when the infirmities of age induced him to
resign his professorship, and one of many addresses
he received on that occasion was the following :-
? On the 8th of January, 1790, the Lord Provost,
magistrates, and Council of Edinburgh, voted a
piece of plate of fifty guineas of value to Dr. Cullen,
as a testimony of their respect for his distinguished
merits and abilities and his eminent services to the
university during the period of thirty-four years,
in which he has held an academical chair. On the
plate was engraved an inscription expressive of the
high sense the magistrates, as patrons of the university,
had of the merit of the Professor, and of
their esteem and regard.?
Most honourable to him also were the resolutions
passed on the 27th of January by the entire
Senatus Academicus ; but he did not survive those
honours long, as he died at his house in the Mint,
on the 5th of February, 1790, in his eightieth year.
By his wife-a Miss Johnston, who died there in
1786-he had a numerous family. One of his
sons, Robert, entered at the Scottish Bar in 1764,
and distinguishing himself highly as a lawyer, was
raised to the bench in 1796, as Lord Cullen. He
cultivated elegant literature, and contributed several
papers of acknowledged talent to the Mirror and
Lounger; but it was chiefly in the art of conversation
that he shone. When a young man, and
resident with his father in the Mint Close, he was
famous for his power of mimicry. He was very
intimate with Dr. Robertson, the historian, then
Principal of the university.
?TO show that Robertson was not likely to be
imitated it may be mentioned from the report of a
gentleman who has often heard him making public
orations, that when the students observed him pause
for a word, and would themselves mentally supply
it they invariably found that the word which he did
use was different from that which they had hit upon.
Cullen, however, could imitate him to the life, either
in the more formal speeches, or in his ordinary discourse.
He would often, in entering a house which
the Principal was in the habit of visiting, assume
his voice in the lobby and stair, and when arrived
at the drawing-room door, astonish the family by
turning out to be-Bob Cullen.?
On the west side of the Mint were at one time
the residences of Lord Belhaven, the Countess of
Stair, Douglas of Cavers, and other distinguished
tenants, including Andrew Pnngle, raised to the
bench, as Lord Haining, in I 7 29. The main entrance
to these lodgings, like that on the south, was by a
stately flight of steps and a great doorway, furnished
with an enormous knocker, and a beautiful example
of its ancient predecessor, the nsp, or Scottish
tirling-pin.
The Edinhqh Courant of August 12,1708, has
the following strange announcement :-
?I George Williamson, translator (i.e. cobbler) in
Edinburgh, commonly known by the name of Bowed
Geordie, who swims on face, back, or any posture,
forwards or backwards, and performs all the antics
that any swimmer can do, is willing to attend any
gentlemen and to teach them to swim, or perform
his antics for their divertisement : is to be found at
Luckie Reid?s, at the foot of Gray?s Close, on the
south side of the street, Edinburgh.?
Elphinstone?s Court, in the close adjoining the
Mint, was so namedfrom Sir James Elphinstone, who
built it in 1679, and from whom the loftytenement
therein passed to Sir Francis Scott of Thirlstane.
The latter sold it to Patrick Wedderburn, who
assumed the title of Lord Chesterhall on his elevation
to the bench in 1755. His son, Alexander
Wedderburc, afterwards Lord Loughborough, first
Earl of Rosslyn, and Lord High Chancellor of ... Street.] DR. CULLEN. 271 - it jure tan?io hyfotheca till he was paid the price of it.? The same house was, ...

Book 2  p. 271
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West PGrt.1 THE LAWSONS. 22;
of Cromwell, expelled the General Assembly from
Edinburgh, literally drumming the members out at
that gate, under a guard of soldiers, after a severe
reprimand, and ordering that never more than three
of them should meet together.
Marion Purdy, a miserable old creature, ? once
a milkwife and now a beggar,? in the West Port,
was apprehended in 1684 on a charge of witchcraft,
for ?laying frenzies and diseases on her
neighbours,? says Fountainhall ; but the King?s
Advocate failed to bring her to the stake, and she
was permitted to perish of cold and starvation in
prison about the Christmas of the same year.
Five years subsequently saw the right hand of
Chieslie, the assassin of Lockhart, placed above the
gate, probably on a spike ; and in the street close
by, on the 5th September, 1695, Patrick Falconar,
a soldier of Lord Lindsay?s regiment, was murdered
by George Cumming, a writer in Edinburgh,
who deliberately ran him through the body with
his sword, for which he was sentenced to be
hanged and have his estates forfeited. From the
trial, it appears that Cumming was much to blame,
and had previously provoked the unoffending soldier
by abusive language.
The tolls collected at the West Port barrier in
1690 amounted to A105 11s. Iid. sterling.
(Council Register.)
In the year of the Union the Quakers would
seem to have had a meeting-house somewhere in
the West Port, as would appear from a dispute
recorded by Fountainhall-? Poor Barbara Hodge ?
against Bartholoniew Gibson, the king?s farrier,
and William Millar, the hereditary gardener of
Holyrood.
On the south side of this ancient burgh, in an
opening of somewhat recent formation, leading to
Lauriston, the Jesuits have now a very large
church, dedicated to ?The Sacred Heart,? and
Capable of holding more than 1,000 hearers. It is
in the form of a great lecture hall rather than a
church, and was erected in 1860, by permission
of the Catholic Bishop Gillis, in such a form,
that if ever the order was suppressed in Scotland
the edifice might be used for educational
purposes. Herein is preserved a famous image
that once belonged to Holyrood, but was lately
discovered by E. Waterton, F.S.A., in a shop at
Peterborough.
Almost opposite to it, and at the northern corner
of the street, stood for ages the then mansion house
of the Lawsons of the Highriggs, which was demolished
in 1877, and was undoubtedly one of the
oldest, if not the very oldest, houses in the city.
When built in the fifteenth century it must have
(Crim. Trials.)
been quite isolated. It had crowstepped gables,
dormers on the roofs, and remarkably small
windows.
. It was the residence of an old baronial family,
long and intimately connected with the city.
?? Mr. Richard Lawson,? says Scott of Scotstarvet,
?Justice Clerk, conquest a good estate about Edinburgh,
near the Burrow Loch, and the barony of
Boighall, which his grandson, Sir William Lawson
of Boighall, dilapidated, and went to Holland to
the wars.? He was Justice Clerk in the time oi
James IV., from 1491 to 1505.
In 1482 his name first appears in the burgh
records as common clerk or recorder, when Sir
John Murray of Tulchad was Provost, a post which
the former obtained on the 2nd May, 1492. He
was a bailie of the city in the year 1501, and Provost
again in 1504. Whether he was the Richard
Lawson who, according to Pitscottie, heard the
infernal summons of Pluto at the Market Cross
before the army marched to Flodden we know not,
but among those who perished on that fatal field
with King James was Richard Lawson of the
Highriggs ; and it was his daughter whose beauty
led to the rivalry and fierce combat in Leith Loan
between Squire Meldrum of the Binns and Sir
Lewis Stirling, in 1516,
In 1555 we find John Lawson of the Highriggs
complaining to the magistrates that the water ot
the burgh loch had overflowed and (? drownit ane
greit pairt of his land,? and that he could get no
remedy therefor.
Lady Lawson?s Wynd, now almost entirely
demolished, takes its name from this family. The
City Improvement Trustees determined to form it
into a wide thoroughfare, running into Spittal Street.
In one of the last remaining houses there died, in
his 95th year, in June, 1879, a naval veteran named
M?Hardy, supposed to be the last survivor of the
actual crew of the Victory at Trafalgar. He was
on the main-deck when Nelson received his fatal
wound.
One of the oldest houses here was the abode of
John Lowrie, a substantial citizen, above whose
door was the legend-SoLr DEO. H.G. 1565, and a
shield charged with a pot of lilies, the emblems of
the Virgin Mary. ?John. Lowrie?s initials,? says
Wilson, ? are repeated in ornamental characters on
the eastern crowstep, separated by what appears
to be designed for a baker?s peel, and probably
indicating that its owner belonged to the ancient
fraternity of Baxters.?
The West Port has long been degraded by the
character of its inhabitants, usually Irish of the
lowest class, and by the association of its name with ... PGrt.1 THE LAWSONS. 22; of Cromwell, expelled the General Assembly from Edinburgh, literally drumming the ...

Book 4  p. 223
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124 OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH. : [Convivialia
In 1783, ? a chapter of the order? was adver
tised ?to be held at their chamber in Anetruther
Dinner at half-past two.?
The LAWNMARKET CLUB, with its so-callec
?gazettes,? has been referred to in our first volume
The CAPILLAIRE CLUB was one famous in thq
annals of Edinburgh convivalia and for it
fashionable gatherings. The Wee24 Xagaziz
for I 7 74 records that ?? last Friday night,?the gentle
men of the Capillaire Club gave their annual ball
The company consisted of nearly two hundrec
ladies and gentlemen of the first distinction. Thei
dresses were extremely rich and elegant. He
Grace the Duchess of D- and Mrs. Gen
S- made a most brilliant appearance. Mrs
S.?s jewels alone, it is said, were above ;C;30,00c
in value. ?The ball was opened about seven, anc
ended about twelve o?clock, when a most elegan
entertainment was served up.?
The ladies whose initials are given were evidentlj
the last Duchess of Douglas and Mrs. Scott, wift
of General John Scott of Balcomie and Bellevue
mother of the Duchess of Portland. She survivec
him, and died at Bellevue House, latterly the Ex
cise Office, Drummond Place, on the 23rd August
1797, after which the house was occupied by the
Duke of Argyle.
The next notice we have of the club in the same
year is a donation of twenty guineas by the mem
bers to the Charity Workhouse. ?? The Capillaire
Club,? says a writer in the ?Scottish Journal o
Antiquities,? ?was composed of all who were in.
clined to be witty and joyous.?
There was a JACOBITE CLUB, presided over a1
one time by tine Earl of Buchan, but of which
nothing now survives but the name.
The INDUSTRIOUS COMPANY was a club composed
oddly enough of porter-drinkers, very. numerous,
and formed as a species of joint-stock company,
for the double purpose of retailing their liquor for
profit, and for fun and amusement while drinking it,
They met at their rooms, or cellars rather, every
night, in the Royal Bank Close. There each member
paid at his entry As, and took his monthly
turn of superintending the general business of the
club; but negligence on the part of some of the
managers led to its dissolution.
In the Advertiser for 1783 it is announced as
a standing order of the WIG CLUB, ?that the
members in the neighbourhood of Edinburgh
should attend the meetings of the club, or if they
find that inconvenient, to send in their resignation;
it is requested that the members will be
pleased to attend to this regulation, otherwise their
places will be supplied by others who wish to be of
the club.-Fortune?s Tavern, February 4th, 1783.??
In the preceding January a meeting of the club is
summoned at that date, ? as St. P-?s day.:? Mr.
Hay of Drumelzier in the chair. As? there is no
saint for the 4th February whose initial is P, this
must have been some joke known only to the club.
Charles, Earl of Haddington, presided on the 2nd
December, 1783.
From the former notice we may gather that there
was a decay of this curious club, the president of
which wore a wig of extraordinary materials, which
had belonged to the Moray faniily,for three generations,
and each new entrant?s powers were tested,
by compelling him to drink ? to the fraternity in a
quart of claret, without pulling bit-i.e., pausing.?
The members generally drank twopenny ale, on
which it was possible to get intoxicated for the
value of a groat, and ate a coarse kind of loaf,
called Soutar?s clod, which, with penny pies of high
reputation in those days, were furnished by a shop
near Forrester?s Wynd, and known as the Ba@n
HoZe.
There was an BSCULAPIAN CLUB, a relic of
which survives in the Greyfriars Churchyard, where
a stone records that in 1785 the members repaired
the tomb of ?(John Barnett, student of phisick (sic)
who was born 15th March, 1733, and departed this
life 1st April, 1755.?
The BOAR CLUB was chiefly composed, eventually,
of wild waggish spirits and fashionable young men,
who held their meetings in Daniel Hogg?s tavern,
in Shakespeare Square, close by the Theatre RoyaL
? The joke of this club,? to quote ? Chambers?s
Traditio? s,? ? consisted in the supposition that all
the members were boars, that their room was a dy,
that their talk was grunting, and in the dozcbZeentendre
of the small piece of stoneware which served
as a repository for the fines, being a &. Upon
this they lived twenty years. I have at some expense
of eyesight and with no small exertion of
patience,? continues Chambers, ?? perused the soiled
and blotted records of the club, which, in 1824,
were preserved by an old vintner whose house was
their last place of meeting, and the result has been
the following memorabilia. The Boar Club commenced
its meetings in 1787, and the original
members were J. G. C. Schetky, a German
nusician ; David Shaw, Archibald Crawford,
Patrick Robertson, Robert Aldrige, a famous pantonimist
and dancing-master ; Jarnes Nelson, and
Luke Cross. . , , Their laws were first written
iown in due form in 1790. They were to meet
:very evening at seven o?clock ; each boar on his
:ntry contributed a halfpenny to the pig. A fine
if a halfpenny was imposed upon any person who ... OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH. : [Convivialia In 1783, ? a chapter of the order? was adver tised ?to be held at their ...

Book 5  p. 124
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Great Stuart Street.] LORD JERVISWOODE. 209
memories. He was the second son of George
Baillie of Jerviswoode; and a descendant of that
memorable Baillie of Jerviswoode, who, according
to Hume, was a man of merit and learning, a
cadet of the Lamington family, and called "The
Scottish Sidney," but was executed as a traitor on
the'scaffold at Edinburgh, in 1683, having identified
himself with the interests of Monmouth and Argyle.
* Lord Jerviswoode was possessed of more than
average intellectual gifts, i and still more with
charms of person and manners that were not confined
to the female side of his house. One sister,
the Marchioness of Breadalbane, and another, Lady
Polwarth, were both celebrated for their beauty,
wit, and accomplishments. On the death of their
cousin, in the year 1859, his eldest brother became
tenth. Earl of Haddington, and then Charles, by
royal warrant, was raised to the rank of an earl's
brother. ' '
Prior to this he had a long and brilliant course
in law, and in spotless honour is said to have been
'' second to none." He was called to the Bar in
1830, and after being Advocate Depute, Sheriff of
Stirling, and Solicitor-General, was Lord Advocate
in 1858, and M.P. for West Lothim in the following
year, and a Lord of Session. In 1862 he
became a Lord of Justiciary. He took a great
interest in the fine arts, and was a trustee of the
Scottish Board of Manufactures; but finding his
health failing, he quitted the bench in July, 1874.
* He died in his seventy-fifth year, on the 23rd of
July, 1879, at his residence, Dryburgh House, in
Roxburghshire, near the ruins of the beautiful
abbey in which Scott and his race lie interred. For
the last five years of his life little had been heard of
him in the busy world, while his delicate health
and shy nature denied him the power of taking part
in public matters.
CHAPTER XXVIII.
THE WESTERN NEW TOWN-HAYMARKET-DALRY-FOUNTAINBRIDGE.
Maitland Street and Shandwick Place--The Albert Institute-Last Residmn of Sir Wa!ter Scott in Edinburgh-Lieutenult-General Dun&
-Melville Street-Patrick F. Tytler-Manor Plan-%. Mary's Cathedral-The Foundation Lid-Ita Sic and Aspcct-Opened for
Service-The Copestone and Cross placed on the Spire-Haymarket Station-Wmter Garden-Donaldron's H o s p i t a l d t l c Terrpoh
Its Chur&es-C&tle Barns-The U. P. Theological Hdl-Union Canal-First Boat Launched-Ddry-The Chieslics-The Caledonian
Distille~-Fountainbridge-Earl Grey Street-Professor G. J. Bell-The . Slaughter-houses-Bain Whyt of Binfield-North British
India. Rubber WorkScottish Vulcanite Company-Their Manufactures, &,.-Adam Ritchie.
THE Western New Town comprises a grand series
of crescents, streets, and squares, extending from
the line of East and West Maitland Streets and
Athole Crescent northward to the New Queensferry
Road, displaying in its extent-and architecture,
while including the singulax-ly ' picturesque
ravine of the Water of Leith, a' brilliance' and
beauty well entitling it to be deemed, par excellence,
" Z?w West End," and was built respectively about
1822, 1850, and 1866.
. Lynedoch Place, so named from the hero of
Barossa, opposite Randolph Crescent, was erected
in 1823, but prior to that a continuation of the line
of Princes Street had been made westward towards
the lands of Coates. This was finally effected by
the erection of East and West Maitland Streets,
Shandwick Place, and Coates and Athole Crescents.
In the latter are some rows of stately old trees,
which only vigorous and prolonged remonstrance
prevented fiom being wantonly cut down, in accordance
with the bad taste which at one time
prevailed in Edinburgh, where a species of war
was waged against all.groWing timber.
75
The Episcopal chapel of St Thomas is now
compacted with the remaining houses at the east
end of Rutland Street, but presents an ornamental
front in 'the Norman style immediately east of
Maitland Street, and shows there a richly-carved
porch, with some minutely beautiful arcade work.
Maitland Street and Shandwick Place, once a
double line of frontdoor houses for people of good
style, are almost entirely lines of shops or other
new buildings. In the first years of the present
century, Lockhart of Castlehill, Hepburn of Clerkington,
Napier of Dunmore, Tait of Glencross,
and Scott of Cauldhouse, had their residences in
the former; and No. 23, now a shop, was the
abode, about the year 1818, of J. Gibson Lockhaqt,
the son-in-law and biographer of Sir Walter
Scott He died at Abbotsford in 1854 .
In Shandwick Place is now the Albert Institute
of the Fine Arts; erected in 1876, when property
to the value of £25,ooo was acquired for the
purpose. The objects of this institute are the
advancement of the cause of art generally, but
more especially contemporary Scottish art; to ... Stuart Street.] LORD JERVISWOODE. 209 memories. He was the second son of George Baillie of Jerviswoode; and ...

Book 4  p. 209
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222 OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH. [High Street
On becoming provost, he was easily led by his
religious persuasion to become a sort of voluntary
exchequer for the friends of the National Covenant,
and in 1641 he advanced to them IOO,OOO merks
to save them from the necessity of disbanding their
army; and when the Scottish Parliament in the
same year levied 10,000 men for the protection of
their colony in Ulster, they could not have embarked
had they not been provisioned at the expense
of Sir William Dick. Scott, in the ? Heart
of Midlothian,? alludes to the loans of the Scottish
Crcesus thus, when he makes Davie Deans say,
?My father saw them toom the sacks of dollars
out 0? Provost Dick?s window intil the carts that
carried them to the army at Dunse Law; and if
ye winna believe his testimony, there is the window
itself still standing in the Luckenbooths, five doors
aboon the Advocates? Close-I think it is a claithmerchant?s
the day.?
And singular to say, a cloth merchant?s ?booth ?
it continued long to be. ?
In 1642 the Customs were let to Sir William
Dick for zoz,ooo merks, and 5,000 merks of
gassum, or ? entrense siller;? but, as he had a
horror of Cromwell and the Independents, he advanced
~20,000 for the service of King Charlesa
step by which he kindled the wrath of the prevailing
party; and, after squandering his treasure
in a failing cause, he was so heavily.mulcted by
extortion of L65,ooo and other merciless penalties,
that his vast fortune passed speedily away, and he
died in 1655, a prisoner of Cromwell?s, in a gaol at
Westminster, under something painfully like a want
of the common necessaries of life.
He and Sir William Gray were the first men of
Edinburgh who really won the position of merchant
princes. The changeful fortunes of the former are
commemorated in a scarce folio pamphlet, entitled
?The Lamentable State of the Deceased Sir William
Dick,? and containing .several engravings.
One represents him on horseback, escorted by halberdiers,
as Lord Provost of Edinburgh, and superintending
the unloading of a great vessel at Leith ;
a second represents him in the hands of bailiffs;
and a third lying dead in prison. ?The tract is
highly esteemed by collectors of prints,? says Sir
Walter Scott, in a note to the ?Heart of Midlothian.?
?The only copy I ever saw upon sale
was rated at L30.?
Sir James Stewart of Goodtrees (a place now
called Moredun, in the parish of Liberton) who
was Lord Advocate of Scotland from 1692 until
his death in 1713, a few months only excepted,
gave a name to the next narrow and gloomy
alley, Advocates? Close, which bounded on the
east the venerable mansion of the Lords Holyroodhouse.
His father was provost of the city when Cromwell
paid his first peaceful visit thereto in 1648-9,
and again in 1658-9, at the close of the Protectorate,
The house in which he lived and died
was at the foot of the close, on the west side,
before descending a flight of steps that served te ;
lessen the abruptness of the descent. He had
returned from exile on the landing of the Prince of ,
Orange, and, as an active revolutionist, was detested
by the Jacobites, who ridiculed him as /amc
Wyhe in many a bitter pasquil. He died in 1713,
and Wodrow records that ? so great was the crowd
(at his funeral) that the magistrates were at the
grave in the Greyfriars? Churchyard before the
corpse was taken out of the house at the foot of
the Advocates? Close.?
In 1769 his grandson sold the house to David
Dalrymple, afterwards Lord Westhall, who resided
in it till nearly the time of his death in 1784.
This close was a very fashionable one in the days
of Queen Anne, and was ever a favourite locality
with members of the bar. Among many others,
there resided Andrew Crosbie, the famous original
of Scott?s ?Counsellor Pleydell,? an old lawyer
who was one of the few that was able to stand his.
ground in any argument or war of words with Dr.
Johnson during that visit when he made himself
so obnoxious in Edinburgh. From this dark and
steep alley, with its picturesque overhanging
gables and timber projections, Mr. Crosbie afterwards
removed to a handsome house erected by
him in St. Andrew?s Square, ornamented with lofty,
half-sunk Ionic columns and a most ornate attic
storey (on the north side of the present Royal
Bank), afterwards a fashionable hotel, long known
as Douglas?s and then as Slaney?s, where even
royalty has more than once found quarters. By
the failure of the Ayr Bank he was compelled to
leave his new habitation, and?died in 1784 in such
poverty that his widow owed her whole support to
a pension of A50 granted to her by the Faculty of
Advocates.
The house lowest down the close, and immediately
opposite that of Sir James Stewart of
Goodtrees, was the residence of an artist of some
note in his time, John Scougal, who painted the
well-known portrait of George Heriot, which hangs
in the council room of the hospital. He was a
cousin of that eminent divine Patrick Scougal,
parson of Saltoun in East Lothian and Bishop of
Aberdeen in 1664.
John Scougall added an upper storey to the old
land in the Advocates? Close, and fitted up one of ... OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH. [High Street On becoming provost, he was easily led by his religious persuasion to ...

Book 2  p. 222
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Queen Street.] SIR JAMES YOUNG SIMPSON. I53
office by Sir James Montgomery of Stanhope.
Early in the next century the house was the
residence of Sir William Cunningham, Bart, and in
more recent years had as an occupant the gallant
Sir Neil Douglas, Commander of the Forces in
Scotland and Governor of Edinburgh Castle, who
commanded the Cameron Highlanders in the war
with France, and was contused by a ball at Quatre
Bras. It is now occupied by tlic Edinburgh Institution
for Education, the head of which is Dr.
Fergusson, F.R.S.E.
Nos. g and 10 were removed in 1844 to make
way for the present hall of the Royal College of
Physicians, on the demolition of the former one in
George Street. The foundation stone was laid on
the 8th of August, 1844, by the then president,
Dr. Renton, in presence of the Fellows of the
college and others. In it were deposited a copy of
the first edition of the ? Edinburgn Pharmacopeia,?
containing a list .of the Fellows of the college; a
work concerning its private affairs, printed several
years before ; an Edinburgh Almanac for the
current year; several British coins, and a silver
plate with a suitable Latin inscription.
It was designed by Thomas Hamilton, and ?is
adorned in front with an Attic Corinthian tetrastyle,
sunqounted by a common Corinthian distyle, and
is handsomely adorned by colossal statues of
iBsculapius, Hippocrates, and Hygeia ; but it was
barely completed when, ample though its accommodation
appeared to be, the rapid additions to
its library and the great increase in the number of
Fellows, consequent on a reduction of the money
entry, and other changes, seemed to .render an
extension necessary.
In No. 11 are the offices of the E&hurgh
Gazette, the representative of the paper started by
Captain Donaldson in 1699, and re-issued by the
same person in March, I 707.
Sir Henry Wellwood Moncriff, Bart., D.D., a
distinguished divine, wha for half a century was
one .of the brightest ornaments of the Scottish
Church, resided in No. 13 during the first years of
the present century. He died in August, 1827,
and his second, son, James, a senator, under the
title of Lord Moncrieff, succeeded to the baronetcy,
which is one of the oldest in Scotland, having
been conferred by Charles I. in 1626.
It was afterwards occupied by the Scottish
Heritable Security Company.
-The next house westward was the residence, at
the same time, of William Honeyman of Graemsay,
who was elevated to the bench as Lord Armadale,
and created a baronet in 1804. He had been pre.
viously Sheriff of the county of Lanarkshire. ?He mar.
88
*ied a daughter of Lord Braxfield, and died in 1825,
eaving ,behind him a reputation for considerable
dent and sound judgment, both as a barrister and
udge. He had two sons in the army-Patrick,
who served in the old -28th Light Dragoons, and
Robert, who died in Jamaica in 1809, Lieutenant-
Clolonel of the 18th Royal Irish.
His house is now occupied by the site of the
Zaledonian United Service Club, erected in 1853.
In 1811 No. 27 was the residence of General
Sraham Stirling, an old and distinguished officer,
whose family still occupy it. In the same year
4lexander Keith of Ravelston, Hereditary Knight
Marshal of Scotland, occupied No. 43. Behind the
louse line stands St. Luke?s Free Church, which has
i fictitious street front in the Tudor style, with two
-ichly crocketed finials.
No. 38 was the house of George Paton, ?Advocate,
md afterwards Lord Justice Clerk, whose suicide
nade much sensation in Edinburgh a few years
1go.
In No. 52 lived and died one of the most illus-
:rious citizens of Edinburgh-Professor Sir James .
Young Sirnpson, Bart., who came to Edinburgh a
poor and nearly friendless student, yet in time
ittained, as Professor of Midwifery in the University
and as the discoverer of extended uses of chlorolorm,
a colossal fame, not only in Europe, but
wherever the English language is spoken. He
obtained the chair of midwifery in r840, and seven
years after made his great discovery. In 1849 he
was elected President of the Edinburgh College
of Physicians; in 1852 President of the Medico-
Chirurgical Society ; and ?in the following year,
under circumstances of the greatest klat, Foreign
Associate of the French Academy of Medicine ?
In 1856 the French Academy of Sciences awarded
him the ? Monthyon Prize ? of 2,000 francs for the
benefits he conferred on humanity by the introduction
of anmthesia by chloroform into the practice
of surgery and midwifery.
A few weeks earlief, for the same noble cause, he
won the royal order of St. Olaf, from Oscar, King
of Sweden, and in 1866 was created a baronet of
Great Britain. His ,professional writings are too
numerous to be recorded here, suffice it to say
that they have been translated into every European
language.
No man ever attracted so many visitors to Edinburgh
as Sir James Simpson, for many Came to see
him who were not invalids. His house in Queeu
Street was the centre of attraction for men -of
letters and science from all parts of the worldphysicians,
naturalists, antiquarians, and literati of
all kinds were daily to be met at his table. His ... Street.] SIR JAMES YOUNG SIMPSON. I53 office by Sir James Montgomery of Stanhope. Early in the next century ...

Book 3  p. 153
(Score 0.53)

THE OLD TOWN GUARD. I35 The Tolbooth.]
impartial rule of the Cromwellian period, formed
the scene of many an act of stern discipline, when
drunkards were compelled to ride the wooden
horse, with muskets tied to their feet, and ? a drinking
cup,? as Nicoll names it, on their head. ?? The
chronicles of this place of petty durance, could
they now be recovered, would furnish many an
amusing scrap of antiquated scandal, interspersed
at rare intervals with the graver deeds of such
disciplinarians as the Protector, or the famous sack
of the Porteous mob. There such fair offenders as
the witty 2nd eccentric Miss Mackenzie, daughter
of Lord Royston, found at times a night?s lodging,
when she and her maid sallied out aspreux chma-
Ciers in search of adventures. Occasionally even
grave jidge or learned lawyer, surprised out of
his official decorum by the temptation of a jovial
club, was astonished, oh awaking, tu find himself
within its impartial walls, among such strange bedfellows
as the chances of the night had offered
to its vigilant guardians.?? A slated building of
one storey in height, it consisted of four apartments.
In the western end was the captain?s room;
there was also a ? Burghers? room,? for special prisoners
; in the centre was a common hall ; and at
the east end was an apartment devoted to the
use of the Tron-men, or city sweeps. Under
the captain?s room was the black-hole, in which
coals and refractory prisoners were kept. In I 785
this unsightly edifice was razed to the ground,
an3 the soldiers of the Guard, after occupying the
new Assembly Rooms, had their head-quarters
finally assigned them on the ground floor of the
old Tolbooth.
It is impossible to quit our memorials of the
latter without a special reference to the famous
old City Guard, with which it was inseparably
connected.
In the alarm caused by the defeat at Flodden,
all male inhabitants of the? city were required to
be in arms and readiness, while twenty-four men
were selected as a permanent or standing watch,
and in them originated the City Guard, which,
however, was not completely constituted until
1648, when the Town Council appointed a body
of sixty men to be raised, whereof the captain
was, says Amot, ?to have the monthly pay of
LII 2s. 3d. sterling, two lieutenants of E2 each,
two sergeants of AI 5s., three corporals of AI,
and the private men 15s. each per month.?
No regular fund being provided to defray this
expense, after a time the old method of ?watching
and warding,? every fourth citizen to be on duty in
arms each night, was resumed; but those, he adds,
on whom this service was incumbent, became so re-
,
-
laxed in discipline, that the Privy Council informed
the magistrates that if they did not provide an
efficient guard to preserve order in the city, the
regular troops of the Scottish army would be
quartered in it
Upon this threat forty armed men were raised as.
a guard in 1679, and in consequence of an event
which occurred in 1682, this number was increased
to 108 men. The event referred to was a riot,
caused by an attempt to carry off a number of
lads who had been placed in the Tolbooth for
trivial offences, to serve the Prince of Orange as.
soldiers. As they were being marched to Leith,
under escort, a crowd led by women attacked the
latter. By order of Major Keith, commanding, the
soldiers fired upon the people ; seven men and two
women were shot, and twenty-two fell wounded.
One of the women being with child, it was cut from
her and baptised in the street. The excitement of
this affair caused the augmentation of the guard, for
whose maintenance a regular tax was levied, while
Patrick Grahame, a younger son of Inchbraikiethe
same officer whom Macaulay so persistently
confounds with Claverhouse-was appointed captain,
with the concurrence of the Duke of York
and Albany. Their pay was 6d. daily, the drummers?
IS., and the sergeants? IS. 6d. In 1685
Patnck Grahame, ? captain of His Majesty?s
company of Foot, within the town of Edinburgh
(the City Guard), was empowered to import 300
ells of English cloth of a scarlet colour, with
wrappings and other necessaries, for the clothing
of the corps, this being in regard that the manufactories
are not able to furnish His Majesty?s
(Scottish) forces with cloth and other necessaries.?
After the time of the Revolution the number of
the corps was very fluctuating, and for a period,
after 1750, it consisted usually of only seventy-five
men, a force most unequal to the duty to be done.
?The Lord Provost is commander of this useful
corps,? wrote Amot, in 1779. ? The men are properly
disciplined, and fire remarkably well. Within
these two years some disorderly soldiers in one of
the marching regiments, having conceived an umbrage
at tha Town Guard, attacked them. They
were double in number to the party of the Town
Guard, who, in the scuffle, severely wounded some
of their assailants, and made the whole prisoners.?
By day they were armed with muskets and bayonets ;
at night with Lochaber axes. They were mostly
Highlanders, all old soldiers, many of whom had
served in the Scots brigades in Holland. In the
city they took precedence of all troops of the line.
At a monthly inspection of the corps in 1789 the
Lord Provost found a soldier in the ranks who had ... OLD TOWN GUARD. I35 The Tolbooth.] impartial rule of the Cromwellian period, formed the scene of many an act ...

Book 1  p. 135
(Score 0.53)

24 OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH. [University.
Thoma Elder : Academire Primario Gulielmo Rabertson.
Architecto, Roberto Adam."
The ranges of buildings around the inner court
are in a plain but tasteful Grecian style, and have
an elegant stone balustrade, forming a kind of
paved gallery, which is interrupted only by the
entrance, and by flights of steps that lead to the
library, museum, the Senzte Hall, and various
class-rooms. At the angles on the west side are
spacious arcade piazzas, and in the centre is a fine
statue of Sir David Brewster.
At the Treaty of Union with England, and
when the Act of Security was passed, all the Acts
passed by the Scottish Parliament, defining the
rights, privileges, and imniunities of this and the
other universities of Scotland, were fully ratified ;
but its privileges and efficiency have been since
augmented by the Scottish Universities Act,
passed in 1858, making provision for their better
government and discipline, and for the improvement
and regulation of the course of study
therein.
It is now a corporation consisting of a chancellor,
who is elected for life by the General
Council, whose sanction must be given to all internal
arrangements, and through whom degrees
are conferred, and the first of whom was Lord
Brougham ; a vice-chancellor, who acts in absence
of :he former, and who has the duty of acting as
returning officer at Parliamentary elections, an3
the first of whom was Sir David Brewster; a
rector, who is elected by the matriculated students,
and whose term of office is three years, and among
whom have been William Ewart Gladstone, Thomas
Carlyle, Lord Moncneff, Sir W. Stirling-Maxwell,
and others ; a representative in Parliament, elected
in common with the University of St. Andrewsthe
first M.P. being Dr. Lyon Playfair.
After these come the university court, which
has the power of reviewing all the decisions of the
Senatus Academicus, the attention of professors as
to their modes, of teaching, Szc, the regulation of
class fees, the suspension and censure of professors,
the control of the pecuniary concerns of the
university, " including funds mortified for bursaries
and other purposes."
This court holds the patronage of the Chair of
Music, and a share in that of Agriculture, and it
consists of the rector, the principal, and six
assessors, one of whom is elected by the Town
CGuncil.
By the Act of 1858 the patronage of seventeen
cliairs, previously in the gift of the latter body,
was transferred to seven curators, who hold office
for three years. They also have the appointment
of the principal, who is the resident head of the
college for life.
He, with the whole of the professors, constitutes
the Senate, which is entrusted with the entire administration
of the university-its revenues, property,
library, museums, and buildings, &c.; and the business
is conducted by a secretary.
The chairs of the university are comprehended
in the four faculties, each of which is presided over
by a dean, elected from among the professors of
each particular faculty, and through whom the students
recommended for degrees are presented to
the Senatus.
The following is a list of the principals elected
since 1582, all of them famoils in literature or
art :-
1585. Robert Rollock.
1599. Henry Charteris.
1620. Patrick Sands.
1622. Robert Boyd.
1623. John Adamson.
1652. Williain Colville.
1653. Robert Leighton. '
1662. William Colville.
1675. Andrew Cant.
1685. Alexander Monro.
1690. Gilbert Rule.
1703. William Carstares.
1716. William Wishart.
1730. William Hamilton.
1732. James Smith.
1736. William Wishart recunlfus.
1754. John Gowdie.
1762. Willmm Robertson.
1793. Geo. Husband Baird.
1840. John Lee.
1859. Sir David Brewster.
1868. Sir Alex. Grant, Bart.
To attempt to enumerate all the brilliant alumni
who in their various Faculties have shed a glory
over the University of Edinburgh, would far
exceed our limits ; but an idea of its progress in
literature, science, and art, may be gathered from the
following enumeration of the professorships, with
the dates when founded, and the names of the first
ho!der of the chairs.
Those of Greek, Logic and Metaphysics, Moral
and Natural Philosophy, were occupied by the
regents in rotation from 1583, when Robert Rollock
was first Regent, till 1708.
3 FmuZzy of Arts.
Humanity, 1597. John Ray, Professor.
Mathematics, 1674. James Gregory.
Greek, 1708. William Scott.
Logic and Metaphysics, 1708.
Moral Philosophy, 1708. William Law.
Natural Philosophy, 1708. Robert Stewart.
Rhetoric, 1762. Hugh Blair.
Astronomy, 1786. Robert Biair.
Agriculture, 1790. Andrew Coventry.
Theory of Music, 1839. John Thornson.
Technology, 1855. George Wilson. (Abolished 18.59.)
Sanskrit, 1862. Theodor Aufrecht.
Engineering, 1868. Iileeming Jenkin.
Commercial Economy, 1871.
Education, 1876. Simon Lnurie.
Fine Arts, 1880. Baldwin Rrown.
Gmlogr~, 1871. Archibald Geikie.
Colin Druniinoiid.
W. B. Hodgson. ... OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH. [University. Thoma Elder : Academire Primario Gulielmo Rabertson. Architecto, Roberto ...

Book 5  p. 24
(Score 0.53)

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