Leith.] OLD LEITH MEN AND MANNERS. 209
CHAPTER XXII.
LEITH HISTORICAL SURVEY (concluded).
Leith and Edinburgh Peopk in the First Years of the Nineteenth Century-Gorge 1V. Pmkied-His Landing at Leith-Temtory Of the
Town defined-Landing of Mons Meg-Leith during the Old War--The Smacks.
UNLESS it be among the seafaring class, no difference
is perceptible now between the inhabitants of
Edinburgh and Leith ; but it was not so once, when
the towns were more apart, and intercourse less frequent
; differences and distinctions were known
even in the early years of the present century.
A clever and observant writer in 1824 says that,
as refinements and dissimilarities existed then between
the Old and New Town, so did they exist
in the appearance, habits, and characteristics of the
Leith and Edinburgh people.
?? Not such,? he continues, as accidentally
take up their residence there for a sea prospect and
a sea-breeze, but those whose air is Leith air from
their cradles, and who are fixtures in the placemerchants,
traders, and seafaring persons : the
latter class has a peculiarity similar in most maritime
towns; but it is the rich merchants and
traders, together with their wives and daughters,
who are now before us.? (? The Hermit in Edin.??
The man of fortune and pleasure in Edinburgh,
he remarks, views his Leith neighbours as a mere
Cit, though in point of fact he is much less so than
the former. ?The inan of fashion residing in
Edinburgh for a time, for economy or convenience,
and the Scottish nobleman dividing his time betwixt
London, Edinburgh, and his estates, sets
down the Leith merchant as a homespun article.
Again, the would-be dandy of the New Town eyes
him with self-preference, and considers him as his
inferior in point of taste, dress, living, and knowledge
of the beau monde-one who, if young, copies
his dress, aspires at his introduction into the higher
circle, and borrows his fashions ; the former, however,
being always ready to borrow his name or
cash; the first looking respectable on a bill, and
the second not being over plenty with the men of
dress and of idle life in Edinburgh. Both sexes
follow the last London modes, and give an idea
that they are used to town life, high company,
luxuries, late hours, and the manner of living in
polished France.?
All this difference is a thing of the past, and
the observer would be a shrewd one indeed who
detected any difference between the denizen of the
capital and of its seaport.
But the Leith people of the date referred to
Vol. 11.)
.
were, like their predecessors, more of the old
school, and, with their second-class new fashions,
and customs were some time in passing into desuetude,
old habits dying hard there as elsewhere. The
paterfamilias of Leith then despised the extremes
of dress, though his son might affect them, and hn
was more plodding and business-like in bearing
than his Edinburgh neighbour; was alleged to
always keep his hands in his pockets, with an expression
of independence in his face ; while, continues
this writer, in those ?of the Edinburgh
merchants may be read cunning and deep discernment.
Moreover, the number of Leith traders is
limited, and each is known by headmark, whilst
thpse employed in commerce and trade in the
northern capital may be mistaken, and mixed up
with the men of pleasure, the professors, lawyers,
students, and strangers j but an observing eye will
easily mark the difference and the strong characteristic
of each-barring always the man of pleasure,
who is changeful, and often insipid within
and without.?
In 1820 the Edinburgh and Leith Seamen?s
Friendly Society was instituted.
In the same year, when some workmen were
employed in levelling the ground at the south end
of the bridge, then recently placed across the river
at Leith Mills (for the purpose of opening up a
communication between the West Docks and the
foot of Leith Walk), five feet from the surface they
came upon many human skeletons, all of rather unusual
stature, which, from the size of the roots of
the trees above them, must have lain there a very
long time, and no doubt were the remains of some
of those soldiers who had perished in the great
siege during the Regency of Mary of Lorraine.
The proclamation of George IV. as king, after
having been performed at Edinburgh with great
ceremony, was repeated at -the pier and Shore
of Leith on February grd, 1820, by the Sheriff
Clerk and magistrates, accompanied by the heralds,
pursuivants and trumpeters, the style and titles 01
His Majesty being given at great length. At one
o?clock the ship of the Admiral and other vessels
in the Roads, the flags of which had been halF
hoisted, mastheaded them at one p.m, and fired
forty-one guns. They were then half-hoisted till
the funeral of George 111. was over.
208 OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH. [Leith
One of the greatest events of its time in Leith
was the landing there of George IV., on the 15th
of August, 1822.
The king was on board the Royal George, which
was towed into the Roads by two steam-packets,
followed by the escorting frigates, which fired
salutes that were answered by the flagship and
Forte frigate; and a salute from the battery announced
that all had come to anchor. Among the
first to go off to the royal yacht was Sir Walter
Scott, to present the king with a famous silver star,
the gift of the ladies of Edinburgh. Sir Walter
on Scottish ground, save the exiled Charles of
France.
The cannon of the ships and battery pealed forth
their salutes, and the combined cheers of the
mighty multitude filled up the pauses. An immense
fleet of private boats followed the royal barge,
forming an aquatic procession such as Leith had
never seen before, and a band of pipers on the
pier struck up as it rounded the head of the latter.
As the king approached the landing stage three
distinct and well-timed cheers came from the
manned yards of the shipping, while the magis-
LEITH PIER, FROM THE WEST, 1775. (Afler Clerk ofEldif.1
remained in conversation with the king an hour, in
the exuberance of his loyalty pocketing as a relic a
glass from which His Majesty had drunk wine;
but soon after the author of ?r Waverley,? in forgetfulness,
sat down on it and crushed it in pieces.
Leith was crowded beyond all description on the
day of the landing ; every window was filled with
faces, if a view could be commanded ; the ships?
yards were manned, their rigging swarmed with
human figures; and the very roofs of the houses
were covered. Guarded by the Royal Archers and
Scots Greys, a floating platform was at the foot of
Bernard Street, covered with cloth and strewn with
flowers; and when a single gun from the royal
yacht announced that the king had stepped into his
barge, the acclamations of the enthusiastic people,
all unused to the presence of royalty, then seemed
to rend heaven.
Since the time of Charles 11. no king had been
trates, deacons, and trades, advanced, the latter
with all their standards lowered. So hearty and
prolonged were the glad shouts of the people that
even George 1V.-the most heartless king that
ever wore a crown-was visibly affected.
He was clad in the uniform of an admiral, and
was received by the magistrates of Leith and Edinburgh
and the usual high officials, civil and military
; but the Highland chief Glengarry, bursting
through the throng, exclaimed, bonnet in hand,
? Your Majesty is welcome to Scotland ! ??
The procession preceding the royal carriage now
set out, ?the Earl of Kinnoul, as Lord Lyon,
on a horse capnoling in front of a cloud of
heralds and cavaliers-his golden coronet, crimson
mantle flowing to the ground, his embroidered
boots, and golden spurs, would have been irresistible
in the eyes of a dame of the twelfth century.? Sir
Alexander Keith, as Knight-Marischal, with his
