and here and there were sedgy pools and lonely displayed; stout and true Covenanters borne forth
tarns, where the heron fished and waded, with the i in groups to die at the gallows or in the Greygreat
sheet of the South
Loch, where now the Meadows
lie; and there, too,
was Duddingston, but in
size twice the extent we
find it now.
Of all these hills have
looked on since the Roman
altars of Jove smoked at
lnveresk and Cramond, of
all the grim old fortress on
its rock and St. Giles?s
Gothic and imperial crown
have seen, we shall endeavour
to lay the wondrous
story before our
readers.
The generations of men
are like the waves of the
sea ; we know not whence
they come or whither they
go; but generation after
generation of citizens shall
Banquo?s spectral line of
. Dinas-Eiddyn, with their
glittering torques, armlets,
and floating hair; the
hoodedScoto-Saxons of Lothian
and the Merse, with
ringed bymes and long
battle-axes ; the steel-clad
knights bf the Bruces and
the Jameses ; merchants
and burghers in broadcloth
; monks, abbots, and
nuns; Templars on their
trial at Holyrood for sorcery
and . blasphemy;
Knights - hospitallers and
hermits of St. Anthony;
the old fighting merchant
mariners of Leith, such as
the Woods, the Bartons,
and Sir Alexander Mathieson,
(( the king of the sea ; ?
friars churchyard, where
stands the tomb which
tells us how 18,000 ofthem
perished as ?noble martyrs
for Jesus Christ ;?
cavaliers in all their
bravery and pride, and in
the days of their suffering
and downfall j the brawling
gallants of a century later,
who wore lace ruffles and
rapiers, and ? paraded ??
their opponents on the
stiiallest provocation in the
Duke?s Walk behind Holyrood
; the giave senators
and jovial lawyers of the
last century, who held their
?high jinks? in dingy
taverns near the Parliament
House; and many of the
quaint old citizens who
pass before us like figure in the valuable repertory of Kay :-all shall
kings; the men of pass in review before us, and we shall touch on
them one and all, as we
think of them, tenderly
and kindly, as of those
who are long since dead
and gone-gone to their
solemn account at the foot
of the Great WhiteThrone.
In picturesque beauty the
capital of Scotland is second
to none. ?( What the
tour of Europe was necessary
to see,I find congregated
in this one city,?
said Sir David Wilkie.
?Here alike are the beauties
of Prague and of Salzburg,
the romantic sites of
Orvieto and Tivoli, and
all the magnificence of the
Bays of Naples andGenoa.
COUNTER SEAL OF THE ABOVE.? (Af7e-r Hemy LahzJ Here, indeed, to the painwitches
andwizards perishing
in the flames at the Grassmarket or the Gallow-
-lee ; the craftsmen in arms, with their Blue Banner
The device of the common seal represents a castle triple-towered,
the gats thrown open. In uch of the towen is the head of a soldier.
F o l i e appears at the lower part and side of the seal, and above the
towen may be seen a crescent and a mullet. The lettcrinz is ?SIGIL- - LUY COMYUNI BURGI DE EDINBCBHG.?
ter?s fancy may be 6und
realised the Roman Capitol and the Grecian
Acropolis.??
t A full length figure df St. Giles standing within a Gothic porch in
pontifical vestments but without a mitre; in his right hand he holds
a crozier, and in his left a boak. At each side is a short staff terminating
in a fleur-de-lis. Branches of foliagk ornament the lower part
and sides of the design. The lettering k ?? EcrDrI SINGNO CREDATIS
(COUDE BENNI) GNO:? (Fmm a Dmnunt dated 1392).
CHAPTER I.
PREHISTORIC EDINBURGH.
The Site before the Houses-Traces of Early Inhabitants-The Caledonian Tries-Agricola?s Invasion-Subjection of the Scottish Lowlands-
The Roman Way-Edinburgh never occupied permanently-Various Roman Remains : Urns. Coins, Busts ; Swords, Spears, and other
Weapons-Ancient Coffins-The Camus, or Cath-stone-Origin of the name ? Edinburgh?-Di-Eiddyn-The Battle of Gtraeth.
ON the arrival of Agricola?s Roman army in the
Lothians, about the year A.D. 80, the Ottadeni a p
pear, according to Chalmers, to have occupied
the whole extent of coast from the Tyne to the
Firth of Forth, including, that is, a part of Northumberland
and Roxburghshire, the whole of the
Merse, and Haddingtonshire. The Gadeni, whose
temtory lay in the interior country, parallel and
contiguous to that of the Ottadeni, had all the land
from the Tyne to the south of the Forth; they
held, namely, the western parts of Northumberland,
RoxburghshLe, the whole of Falkirk, Tweeddale,
and much of the Lothians.
These were two of the twenty-one Caledonian
tribes who were connected by such slight ties as
scarcely to enjoy a social state, and who then
occupied the whole of Northern Britain.
That these Ottadeni and Gadeni were well
armed, and resisted bravely, the number of camps
and battle-stones scattered throughout the country
amply attests; and it is not improbable that the
site of Dalkeith (DuZdh, or the field of battle) may
have seen some struggle with Agricola?s Roman,
Bakvian, and Tungrian cohorts.
It was not until the year 83 that Agricola resolved
to penetrate into the districts beyond the
Forth, as he dreaded a more united resistance
from the Caledonian tribes, who had hitherto been
hostile to each other. Guided by the information
of naval officers who had surveyed the coast, his
army crossed the Forth at Inchgarvie, and landed
at the north ferry, from whence he proceeded to
fight his way towards the Grampians ; but it was
not until the year 140 that the Scottish Lowlands
were entirely subjected to Roman sway, by Lollius
Urbicus, whose legions have left so many roughhewn
votive altars and graven memorials of the
VALENS VICTRIX, with devotional dedications,
people
