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E1 0 GRAPH I C AL 8 RE T C I3 E S. 205
No. LXXXV.
VOLTAIRE, THE FRENCH PHILOSOPHER,
AND
MR. WATSON, AN EDINBURGH MESSENGER.
THE remarkable similarity of physiognomy existing between the Philosopher
of Ferney and the humble Edinburgh Messenger was the cause of their heads
being etched in the present form. About the period of the execution of this
print, the Scottish capital was profuse in the display of odd characters j and
living portraitures' of some of the greatest men of the age were to be found
walking the streets of the city. In Miles M'Phail the caddy, Lord North
the British Prime Minister, might daily be seen shouldering a load of beef or
mutton; while, in the still more exact personification of old Watson the
Messenger, the noted Philosopher of France became a petty process-server and
a beagle of the law.
The likeness of the famous VOLTAIEE was copied by Kay from a painting
on the lid of a snuff-box belonging to John Davidson, Esq., Writer to the
Signet: with which the head of Mr. Watson was placed in contrast, that the
similarity, as well as any little difference of feature, might be more conspicuous.
A yery striking instance of the similar structure of faces is recorded in the Gallic Reports, in
the case of Martin Guerre and Arnauld de Filk. The latter, taking advantage of the absence of the
former, and having made himself master of the most minute circumstances of his life, through this
surprising resemblance, so imposed himself, not only on the relations of Martin Guerre, but even upon
his wife, that he was not suspected for several years; and when at length, from some untoward
circumstances, he fell under suspicion of being an impostor, he cheerfully submitted to a regular
prosecution, in which he behaved with such address, that, of near 150 witnesses examined on the
affair, between thirty and forty deposed that he was the true Martin Guerre, among whom were
Martin's four sisters and two of their husbands ; and of the remainder of the witnesses, sixty and
upwards declared the resemblance between the penons so strong that it was simply impossible to
affirm with certainty whether the accused was the true Martim or not. In short, Ainauld de Filk for
a long time puzzled the Parliament of Toulouse, even after the true Martin Guerre was returned, and
they appeared together face to face.
At the present day, almost 8 counterpart of Napoleon will be found in the penon of 8 celebrated
foreign musician, presently resident in Edinburgh. He is distinguished by the same peculiarity in
walking, his arms resting carelessly behind his back ; is of the same height, and the same cast of
features.
A few years ago, a young gentleman was taken up in London on about fourteen different charges
of swindling, and was brought to trial on what we would here term separate indictments. On one of
these he was convicted, but on the reat was acquitted ; having, although positively sworn to, proved
satisfactorily alibis in each of them. It turned out that the delinquencies had been perpetrated by
an individual, his complete counterpart. Of course he received 8 free pardon in the instance where
he had been convicted, and where he had been unable to prove an alibi.
Mr. Davidson obtained posseasion of the box while on a visit to Paris, where the likeness was
considered remarkably f a i t h f a

... 0 GRAPH I C AL 8 RE T C I3 E S. 205 No. LXXXV. VOLTAIRE, THE FRENCH PHILOSOPHER, AND MR. WATSON, AN ...

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BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 295
provisions ’ by the inhabitants of Edinburgh, and were daily visited by crowds
of people of all ranks. In the meantime, troops were brought into the city
with the view of compelling the mutineers to submission, but no intimidation
had any effect. General Skene (then second in command in Scotland), together
with the Earl of Dunmore, and other noblemen and gentlemen, visited the
mutineers ; and at last, after a great many messages had passed between the
parties, a compromise was effected. The terms were-a pardon for past offences ;
all bye money and arrears to be paid before embarkation, and a special understanding
that they should not be sent to the East Indies-a report having
prevailed among the soldiers that they had been sold to the East India Company,
So cautious were the mutineers, a bond had to be given confirming the
agreement, signed by the Duke of Buccleuch, the Earl of Dunmore, Sir
Adolphus Oughton, K.B., Commander-in-Chief, and General Skene, second in
command in Scotland. After this arrangement, the Highlanders cheerfully
proceeded to Leith and embarked.
Kay relates an anecdote of Captain M‘Kenzie, which occurred .during the
prevalence of the mutiny, highly characteristic of his fortitude and determined
disposition. One day while he was in command over the Canongate Jail, where
a few of the mutineers were confined, a party from Arthur Seat came to demand
their liberation. The Captain sternly refused-the soldiers threatened to take
his life, and pointed their bayonets at him ; but he bared his breast, and telling
them to strike, at the same time declared that not a. single man should be
liberated. The effect of this resolute conduct was instantaneous-the men
recovered arms, and retired to their encampment.
Captain M‘Kenzie afterwards incurred an unfortunate celebrity from a
circumstance which reflected lees credit upon him than the above act of heroism,
and for which abuse of power he was tried at the Old Bailey, London, on the
1 lth December 1784.
He had been sent out in 1782, as captain of an independent company,
to act against the Dutch on the coast of Africa ; and was there appointed to
the command of a small fortification, called Fort Morea. Among the prisoners
of the fort was a person of the dame of Murray Kenneth M’Kenzie
alias Jefferson, who had been confined for desertion.’ Jefferson, possessing
more than common address, prevailed on the sentry to let him escape; upon
learning which, Captain M‘Kenzie was in a violent passion. He cahsed the
sentinel to be punished with more than fifteen hundred lashes, and immediately
despatched a party of soldiers in search of the runaway. The men returned,
however, without success ; upon which he ordered the guns to be charged and
directed against a small village in the neighbourhood, named Black Town,
The Rev. Joseph Robertson Macgregor, of the Gaelic Chapel (formerly noticed), also visited
He had deserted twice previously. He had been heard to express his resolution of murdering
See a tract entitled an
the mutineers, and acted zw an interpreter between the parties.
M‘Kenzie, and had, moreover, endeavoured to induce the soldiers to niutiny.
“Address to the Officers of the British Army.” London, 1785. 8w.

... SKETCHES. 295 provisions ’ by the inhabitants of Edinburgh, and were daily visited by crowds of ...

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BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. I 361
afterwards, on the 16th of January 1779, a Spanish squadron of eleven ships
of the line hove in sight off Cape St. Vincent. The British fleet directly bore
down upon them, when Captain Duncan was the first to come up with the
enemy. His daring conduct having been observed by his no less resolute Commander,
he was warned of the danger of rushing into a position where he would
be exposed to a very unequal contest. ‘‘ Just what I want,” he coolly replied ;
The Monarch dashed pn, and was instantly alongside
a ship of larger size, while two of no less magnitude lay within musket-shot.
A desperate engagement ensued, but the Captain soon succeeded in disabling
the latter, when, directing all his fire against the at. Augwtin, that vessel struck
in less than half-an-hour j then pushing into the heat of the engagement, the
Monarch contributed materially towards the victory which was that day obtained
over the Spanish flag.
In 1788 Captain Duncan was appointed to the command of the Blenheirn
of ninety guns, and was present at the engagement with the united fleet of
France and Spain in October, off the mouth of the Straits of Gibraltar. For
several years after this, during the peace, he remained in command of the Edgar
guardship at Portsmouth ; and, on the 14th September 1789, was made Rear-
Admiral of the Blue. When the late Earl Spencer came to the Admiralty, he
inquired for “Keppel’s Captain,” and, in February 1795, appointed him Commander-
in-Chief of the North Sea Fleet.
It is needless to follow him through his arduous services while holding this
important command. When the fate of Ireland hung upon the balance ; when
a powerful fleet was concentrated at the Texel, for the invasion of that ill-fated
country-torn to pieces by internal faction-Admiral Duncan suddenly found
himself deserted by his fleet, and left, in the face of the enemy, with only one
line-of-battle ship besides his own. The veteran Admiral, in spite of these disheartening
circumstances, maintained his post undaunted. He continued to
menace the Texel, by keeping up signals, as if his whgle fleet were in the distance
; and thus prevented the Dutch from attempting to leave their anchorage.
To give a detailed account of Admiral Duncan’s memorable conduct during
the mutiny at the Nore would lead us beyond our limits. Suffice it to say, that
by a judicious blending of firmness and conciliation, he entirely quelled the first
symptoms of insubordination in his own ship, the Penerable, and also in the
Adamant, Captain (now Sir William) Hotham-the only ship which remained
tvith him to the last. His speech to the crew of the Yenerable is to be found
in the naval history of the country. We may, however, mention the following
anecdote, for the authenticity of which Sir William Hotham has vouched.
When told on one occasion that the Dutch fleet was getting under weigh,
he directed Sir William to anchor the Adamunt alongside the Yenerable in the
narrow part of the channel, and to fight her till she sank, adding--“I have
taken the depth of water ; and, when the Venerable goes down, my flag will still
On the termination of the mutiny at the Nore, Admiral Duncan was immedi-
.
I wish to be among them.”
fly.”
311

... SKETCHES. I 361 afterwards, on the 16th of January 1779, a Spanish squadron of eleven ships of the ...

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BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 341
he calmly, yet with spirit, urged the groundlessness of the accusation, and the
unprovoked asperity of his opponent. In the meantime law proceedings had
been instituted against the publisher of the ‘‘ Guide,” in order to discover the
author, while Dr. Hamilton commenced counter-proceedings against Dr. Gregory,
for the injuries his character had sustained by the manner in which he had
been traduced.
In 1800, another paper warfare occurred, in consequence of a memorial
addressed by Dr. Gregory to the managers of the Royal Infirmary, complaining
of the younger members of the College of Surgeons being there allowed to
perform operations. This was replied to by Mr. John Bell, surgeon; and a
controversy ensued, which for some time engrossed the whole attention of the
Edinburgh medical profession.
Again, in 1806, the Doctor.entered into a warm controversy with the College
of Physicians, owing to some proceedings on the part of that body which he
considered derogatory to the profession.
In 1808, he printed, for private circulation, a small volume in 8170, entitled
“ Lucubrations on an Epigram ;” also, in 18 10, “ There is Wisdom in Silence ”
-an imitation from the Anthologia; and “The Viper and the l?ile”-an
imitation of the well-known fable of Phiedrus, “Vipera et Lima.” As a specimen
of his epigrammatic talents, we give the following-
“ ‘ 0 give me, dear angel, one lock of your hair’-
A bashful young lover took courage aud sighed ;
‘ You shall hare my whole wig,’ the dear angel replied.”
’Twas a sin to refuse so modest a pray’r-
Dr. Gregory was of an athletic figure, and naturally of a strong constitution.
He had enjoyed good health; and from his abstemious mode of life, might
have been expected to live to extreme old age. The overturn of his carriage,
whilst returning from visiting a patient, by which accident his arm was broken,
proved injurious to his constitution. He was afterwards repeatedly attacked
with inflammation of the lungs, which iiltimately caused his death. He died
at his house in St. Andrew Square, on the 2d April 1821, in the sixty-eighth
year of his age.
By his second wife-a daughter of Donald
Macleod, Esq. of Geanies, and who survived him-he left a numerous family.
His eldest son was educated for the bar, and was admitted a member of the
Baculty of Advocates in 1820. A younger son, Donald, who died in October
1836, in the prime of life, was for several years Secretary to the Society of
Antiquaries of Scotland ; and in this situation he highly distinguished himself
by his zeal, assiduity, and agreeable manners. In his late work entitled the
, “ History of the Western Highlands and Isles of Scotland,” brought down to
the year 1625, he has fortunately left us a permanent memorial of his learning
and accurate research-not the less valuable that it is in fact one of the first
attempts to investigate the history of that portion of the British Empire, not
by reference to vague traditions and idle reveries, but by the most careful
Dr. Gregory was twice married.

... SKETCHES. 341 he calmly, yet with spirit, urged the groundlessness of the accusation, and ...

Book 8 p. 476
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200 EIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.
to look again might easily discover, in his bearing and manner, enough to recall
the remembrance of his high lineage and unexampled misfortunes.
Charles sometimes indulged in a walk through the city ; but the crowds of
people that usually followed him, anxious to gratify their curiosity, in some
measure detracted from the pleasure of these perambulations. When he first
appeared in this manner, a few days after his arrival, he escaped observation
for some time ; but in Hanover Street the crowd became so great that, though
not the slightest insult was offered him, he deemed it prudent to abridge his
walk ; and passing along the Mound returned to the Palace by the High Street
and Canongate. With the exception of a slight stoop, the King appeared so
little altered since he had formerly sojourned in Edinburgh, that many old
people easily recognised him. Though far advanced in year$, he walked with a
firm step ; and his health and strength were such that he often went on shoot,-
ing excursions, accompanied by the Duc d'Angouleme and his suite ; sometimes
crossing the ferry to Fordel, the estate of Sir Philip Durham, but more frequently
enjoying himself on the property of the Earl of Wemyss. That his Majesty
was an excellent shot, the quantity of game brought home to Holyrood House
amply testified. In Dalmeny Park, on one occasion, he bagged thirty-six
pheasants, besides hares and partridges, in an incredibly short space of time.
In their habits and general deportment the Duc and Duchesse d'dngouleme,
or more properly speaking, the Dauphin and Dauphiness, were as unostentatious
as his Majesty. Early in the morning of a market-day, they might be met armin-
arm perambulating the Canongate and High Street, apparently much
interested in the busy scene around them ; the one attired in an old blue greatcoat,
the other enveloped in a cloak not mantle, or much superior in appearance.
Unlike the Duke, however, the Duchess was a well-proportioned, active-looking
woman. The former, strict in his religious observances, was a regular attendant
at mass ; the latter employed more of her time in the perusal of books, or in
carrying on a correspondence with the friends of the family in France.
Arthur's Seat and the King's Park afforded many a solitary walk to the
exiled party, and they seemed much delighted with their residence. It was
evident from the first that Charles, when he sought the shores of Scotland,
intended to make Holyrood House his home j and it may be imagined how
keenly he felt, on finding himself, after a residence of nearly two years, under
the necessity of removing to another country. Full of the recollection of
former days, which time had not effaced from his memory, he said he had
anticipated spending the remainder of his days in the Scottish capital, and
laying his bones amongst the dust of our ancient kings in the Chapel of
Holyrood.
. The unexpected departure of Charles and his suite is ascribed to a remonstrance
addressed by Louis Philippe to the British Government, which, having
recognised the latter as King of the French, felt it necessary to discountenance
the foreign correspondence alleged to have been carried on by the royal
inmates of Holyrood. The order, though couched in polite language, is under

... EIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. to look again might easily discover, in his bearing and manner, enough to recall the ...

Book 9 p. 269
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150 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.
ledge of his author. To speak comparatively, Digges’ figure was better, and his
voice perhaps more mellow and powerful, but Digges played with little judgment,
was very deficient in the nicer touches of the art, and often had no conception
of what he spoke. In judgment and taste Mr. Henderson is eminent, He understands
perfectly the character he plays, and never fails to give the just meaning
of his author, and this, in so difficult and various a character as Hamlet, requires
the powers of a master. He avoids that unnatural violence and rant which is
often introduced into the part, and which seldom fails to catch the ears of the
groundlings, but is certainly more characteristic of the blustering player than the
Prince of Denmark. From what we have seen we are of opinion that the admirers
of Shakspeare, who wish to understand perfectly their favourite author, should
attend Mr. Henderson ; in his mouth no passage seems perplexed, and he is a
comment at once pleasing and instructive.”
On the 2d August he acted Shylock in the Merchant of Venice, which the
newspaper advertisement, for the instruction of the ignorant, announces to be
“ written by Shakspeare.”
“ One would
have thought,” continues the critique alluded to, “from the crowded state of
the house, that the Siddons was still here. Greater praise, perhaps, was not
due to Mrs. Siddons for any of her parts than to Mr. Henderson ,for the
inimitable humour and original manner in which he played Falstn, In this
character he stands unrivalled on the British stage. He met with repeated
bursts of applause from every part of the house. One honest gentleman was
so tickled with the humour, that he almost fell into convulsions with laughing.
Mr. Henderson was perhaps painted too youthful for the character.”
5th, Don John in the Chances, as altered from Beaumont and Fletcher by
Garrick. In this comedy “he gave a proof that his powers were as well
adapted to the lively-spirited rake, as to the serious and philosophic Hamlet.”
7th, Acted iyacbeth. ‘‘ In Macbeth he was equally animated and correct as
in any of the other parts he has displayed.”
Sth, Sir John Falstaf, in the First Part of King Henry IK, for his benefit.
“ In this character he exceeded any thing we have seen of his performance. The
continued peals of laughter and applause, from a most brilliant and crowded
audience, testified the strongest approbation, and the part perhaps was never played
with such inimitable genuine humour. The Knight’s description of his troop,
with Mr. Henderson’s looks, tones, and gestures, was beyond description admirable.
On the 3d, Sir John Falstaf in the Merry Wives of Windsor.
loth, Richard 111.
14th, King Lear.
16th, Sir Oiles Ouerreach.
1 ‘‘ It is surprising that there should not be a proper Scots dress on the stage in the metropolis
of Scotland, and that a Spauish dress, or indeed any other, should serve as a Highland dress by the
addition of a piece of tartan drawn awkwardly across the shoulder, as if it waa the insignia of an
order of knighthood. The characters in Macbeth, indeed, exhibited the dresses of all nations, and
one might have thought that a dealer in Monmouth Street had been airing his stock-in-trade to
prevent it being eaten by moths.”-Courccnt. . The witches are said to have made a Dutch chorus of the music.

... BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. ledge of his author. To speak comparatively, Digges’ figure was better, and ...

Book 8 p. 212
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BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 345
several well-written sermons are among his manuscripts. As illustrative of his
talent for the pulpit, it is told of Mr. Ronaldson, that on one occasion he invited
an acquaintance, a clergyman, to take a drive with him in his carriage on a short
official journey. The day being the last of the week, his friend declined on the
ground that he had ‘‘ a sermon to study for to-morrow.” “ 0 never mind,” said
Ronaldson; “if that’s all, step in-I’ll assist you with it,” The clergyman
afterwards acknowledged the aid he had received; and expressed his astonishment
at the extent of information and the fluency of language displayed by the
Post-Office Surveyor.
When the duties of the day were over, Francis delighted to hurry home to
his literary labour. There you were certain to find .him-his coat off and “in
his slippers ”-busily engaged with scissors and paste-brush, while armfuls of
dissected papers, spread out on the table before him, sufficiently attested to his
rapacity as a gleaner.
We have glanced over several sheets of his sermons, and have seen his scrapbooks,
which are indeed curious. Several of the volumes are in manuscript,
and contain original as well as selected pieces, both in prose and verse. As a
specimen of the poetical department, the following may be taken :-
“ LINES ON SEEING, IN A LIST OF NEW MUSIC, A PIECE ENTITLED
THE WATERLOO WALTZ.’
“ A moment pause, ye British fair,
While pleasure’s phantoms ye pursue,
And say if sprightly dance or air,
Suit with the name of Waterloo !
Awful was the victory-
Chasten’d should the triumph be :
’Midst the laurels she has won,
Britain mourns for many a son.
“ Veil’d in clouds the morning rose ;
Nature seem’d to mourn the day,
Which consign’d, before its close,
Thousands to their kindred clay.
How unfit for courtly ball,
Or the giddy festival,
Was the grim and ghastly view,
Ere ev’ning clos’d on Waterloo !
“ See the Highland warrior rushing,
Firm in danger on the foe,
Till the life-hlood warmly gushing,
Lays the plaided hero low.
His native pipe’s accustom’d sound,
’Mid war’s infernal concert drowdd
Cannot soothe his last adieu,
Or wake his sleep on Waterloo !
,‘ Chasing o’er the cuirassier,
See the foaming charger flying ;
Trampling in his wild career,
All alike the dead and dying.
See the bullet, through his side,
Answer’d by the spouting tide ;
Helmet, horse, and rider too,
Roll on bloody Waterloo !
“ Shall scenes like these the dance inspire ?
Or wake enlivening notes of mirth ?
0 ! shiver’d be the recreant lyre
That gave the base idea birth !
Other sounds I ween were there-
Other music rent the air-
Other waltz the warriors knew,
When they clos’d on Waterloo !
‘I Forbear !-till time with lenient hand
Has sooth’d the pang of recent sorrow ;
And let the picture distant stand,
The softening hue of years to borrow.
When our race has pass’d away,
Hands unborn may wake the lay ;
And give to joy alone the view,
Of Britain’s fame on Waterloo !
,‘Apd 23, 1817.”

... SKETCHES. 345 several well-written sermons are among his manuscripts. As illustrative of his talent ...

Book 8 p. 482
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194 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.
Shortly after the termination of hostilities, Mr. Jefferson was despatched as
envoy to France, where he remained for a considerable time ; and in his negotiations
displayed much ability as a diplomatist. Having visited England, he
returned to America in 1789, and was speedily thereafter appointed Secretary
of State. This office he resigned in 1794, retiring to his seat at Monticello;
and from that period was regarded as the chief of the Opposition.
In a few years he was called from his obscurity to fill, under Mr. Adams,
the chair of the Vice-President ; and in 1801 was elected the successor of that
gentleman. Being re-chosen, he held the Presidency until 1809. When
solicited to accept the office a third time, he peremptorily declined ; and, retiring
into private life, the evening of his days was devoted to the calm pursuits of
agriculture and the enjoyments of literature.
In his public character President Jefferson displayed uncommon activity
and zeal for the public service, though probably too much of the philosopher
and speculatist to be practically wise in his deliberations.’ The extensive
improvements introduced into almost every department of Government, while
he held the reins of power, were effected too summarily; and though in themselves
well calculated to work beneficially, the country was injured by being
kept in a state of continual transition.
Mr. Jefferson first appeared as an author in 1774, when he published “A
Summary View of the Rights of British America.” In 1781 his “Notes on
Virginia ” were given to the public ; and among the scientific he is known as
the writer of a work entitled “ Memoirs on the Fossil Bones found in America.”
It may not be out of place here briefly to notice a circumstance connected
with the history of Washington, by which it has been attempted to fasten on
that illustrious man a charge of selfishness, totally at variance with his character.
We allude to the site of the federal city. At the period when it was fixed
upon, in the district of Columbia, at the junction of the Potomac and the eastern
branch of that river, this territory was situated on the great post road, exactly
equidistant from the northern and southern extremities of the Union, and nearly
so from the Atlantic Ocean to the Ohio, upon the best navigation, and in the
midst of the (then) richest commercial compass in the States, commanding the
most extensive internal resources, and was by far the most eligible situation for
a capital and the meetings of Congress. Part of Columbia lies in Virginia, and
was the property of General Washington’s family. That its value would naturally
become enhanced by the proposed bounds of the dwamt-of city, there is no
doubt ; and that Washington gave his powerful influence in seconding the plan
is true; but that the President either conceived the idea, or did more than
sanction the palpable propriety of the site, is contrary to fact. A young man
had left Scotland for America before the breaking out of the war, in which he
bore ultimately a commission. After his return, and when the freedom of the
During the short misunderstanding with Great Britain in 1807, his plan for preserving the shipping
and commerce of the States from the cruisers of France and England, by an embargo on all
the porta of the Republic, was not less extraordinary than effectual.

... BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. Shortly after the termination of hostilities, Mr. Jefferson was despatched as envoy to ...

Book 9 p. 262
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260 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.
Margate, Deal, and Dover, but lost sight of him altogether j and after eighteen
days’ fruitless search, returned to Edinburgh. But for Brodie’s own imprudence,
impelled apparently by a sort of fatuity frequently evinced by persons similarly
situated, there was every chance of his finally escaping. He remained in
London, it appears, until the 23d March, when he took out his passage in
the name of John Dixon, on board one of the smacks bound for Leith, called
the Endeavmr. After the vessel had gone down the river Thames, Brodie
came on board in a small boat, about twelve o’clock at night, disguised as an
old gentleman in bad health. He was accompanied by two of the owners, who
stopped on board for a short time. On going out to sea, as it no doubt had
been previously arranged, the Endeavour steered for Flushing instead of Leith,
where Brodie was put ashore, and immediately after took a Dutch skiff for
Ostend.
So far so well : but, unfortunately for Brodie, there had been a Mr. Geddes,
tobacconist in Mid-Calder, and his wife, fellow passengers, with whom he frequently
entered into conversation. On parting he had given Geddes three letters
to deliver in Edinburgh-one addressed to his brother-in-law, Matthew Sherr8,
upholsterer ; another to Michael Henderson, Grassmarket ; and the t,hird to
Ann Grant,’ Cant’s Close. These letters, as he might well have expected, were
the means of his discovery. On landing at Leith, Geddes became acquainted
with the circumstances of the robbery, and immediately suspecting that Mr.
John Dixon was no other than Deacon Brodie, he opened the letters, and became
doubly strengthened in his opinion ; but not having made up his mind how to
proceed, Mr. Geddes did not deliver the letters to the authorities till near the
end of May. Even then, however, they were the means of Brodie’s apprehension,
and were afterwards put in evidence against him. Information of the
circumstances was instantly despatched to Sir John Potter, British Consul at
Ostend, in consequence of which Brodie was traced to Amsterdam, where, on
application to Sir James Harris, then Consul, he was apprehended in an alehouse
through the instrumentality of one Daly, an Irishman, on the eve of his departure
to America, and lodged in the Stadthouse. A Mr. Groves, messenger, was
despatched from London on the 1st of July for the prisoner, by whom he was
brought to London ; and from thence to Edinburgh by Mr. Williamson, who
was specially sent up to take charge of him. On the journey from London,
Brodie was in excellent spirits, and told many anecdotes of his sojourn in
Holland.
The trial took place at the High Court of Justiciary, on the 27th August
1788, before Lords Hailes, Eskgrove, Stonefield, and Swinton.’ The Court,
.
’
Brodie’s favourite mistress. She had three children to him.
a The counsel for the Prosecutor were-Ilay Campbell, Esq., Lord Advocate (afterwards Lord
President) ; Robert Dundas, Esq., SolicitorGeneral (aftermrds Lord Chief-Baron) ; William Tait,
Esq., and Jam- Wolfe Murray, Esq. (afterwards Lord Wigletie), Depute-Advocates ; and Mr. Robert
Dundas, Clerk to the Signet.
For William Brodie-The Hon. Henry Erskine, Dean of Faculty ; Alexander Wight, Esq. ; Charles

... BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. Margate, Deal, and Dover, but lost sight of him altogether j and after ...

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BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 173
As might have been expected from the Doctor’s enthusiastic character, he
took an active interest in the Society for Propagating Christian Knowledge.
So long as his strength continued, he was one of its most zealous members; and
when the infirmities of age would no longer permit him to attend personally at
their meetings, he was frequently consulted on matters of importance to the
Society at his own house.
Dr. Erskine had never been in possession of much corporeal strength; and his
weakly constitution began the sooner to feel the effects of approaching old age.
Indeed, it is much to be wondered that his slender frame so long endured such
an excess of mental and even bodily labour as distinguished his whole life.
For several winters previous to his death he had not been able to preach
regularly; and, for the last thirteen months, was compelled to leave it off
altogether, his voice having become so weak as to be incapable of making himself
heard. His mind, however, survived unimpaired amid the gradual decay of
his bodily powers. His judgment was as clear, and his memory as good as in
his younger years ; and almost to the last minute of existence he maintained the
pursuit of those labours which had combined the business and the pleasure of
his existence. On the 19th of January, the day previous to his demise, he was
occupied in his study till a late hour. About four o’clock on the morning of
the 20th (1803) he was suddenly taken ill; and although the alarm was immediately
given, he expired, seemingly without a struggle, before his family could
be collected around him.
The funeral was
attended by a vast train of mourners, and an immense concourse of spectators
assembled to witness the last obsequies to the remains of their venerable and
much respected pastor. At the request of his widow, the Reverend Dr. Davidson,
who was an esteemed friend of the deceased, preached a funeral sermon in
the Old Greyfriars’ Church, on the following Sunday, to a numerous and
affected audience.
Dr. Erskine was married to the Honourable Miss M‘Kay, daughter of Lord
Reay, by whom he had a family of fourteen children, but only four survived-
David Erskine, Esq. of Carnock, and three daughters, one of whom was the
mother of James Stewart, Esq. of Dunearn.
Of Dr. Erskine’s voluminous writings we cannot here even attempt a bare
enumeration. They are, however, extensively known throughout the country.
His first work, “ On the Necessity of Revelation,” ’written in his twenty-first
year, and in which he had occasion to advocate some of the opinions maintained
in Dr. Warburton’s “ Di+ine Legation of Moses,” procured him the approbation
nnder the signature of “ A. C.,” by whom he was accused of favouring the views of the “ Illuminati ”
-a German sect, at the head of whom was Nicholai, a celebrated bookseller and publisher-either
through ignorance of the characters of those men whose writings he had patronised and introduced
to the notice of the British public, or “ with the view to revive the old exploded hue-and-cry against
Popery.” To the accusations thus put forward, Dr. Erskine, then in his seventy-eighth year, auccwsfully
replied in a pamphlet entitled “Dr. Erskine’a Reply to a Printed Letter directed to him by ‘ A. C.,’ in which the gross misrepresentations in said letter are considered.”
His body was interred in the Greyfriars’ churchyard.

... SKETCHES. 173 As might have been expected from the Doctor’s enthusiastic character, he took an ...

Book 8 p. 245
(Score 0.68)

130 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.
The singular incidents detailed in these Travels-the habits of life there described,
so totally unlike anything previously known in Europe-and the style
of romantic adventure which characterised the work-led many persons to distrust
its authenticity, and even to doubt whether its author ever had been in
Abyssinia at all. Those doubts found their way into the critical journals of the
day,’ but the proud spirit of Bruce disdained to make any reply. To his
daughter alone he opened his heart on this vexatious subject; and to her he
often said, “The world is strangely mistaken in my character, by supposing
that I would condescend to write a romance for its amusement. I shall not live
to witness it ; but you probably will see the truth of all I have written completely
and decisively confirmed.”
So it has happened. Recent travellers have established the authenticity of
Bruce beyond cavil or dispute. Dr. Clark, in particular, states, in the sixth
volume of his Travels, that he and some other men of science, when at Cairo,
examined an ancient Abyssinian priestwho perfectly recollected Bruce at the
court of Gondar-on various disputed passages of the work, which were confirmed
even in the most minute particular ; and he concludes this curious investigation
by observing, that he scarcely believes any other book of travels could
have stood such a test. Sir David Baird, while commanding the British troops
embarked on the Red Sea, publicly declared that the safety of the army was
mainly owing to the accuracy of Mr. Bruce’s chart of that sea, which some of
the critics of the day ventured to insinuate he had never visited. On this subject
Bruce is strikingly corroborated by that well-known traveller, Lieutenant
Burnes. In a letter written from the Red Sea, so lately as 1835, he says-
& I cannot quit Bruce without mentioning a fact which I have gathered here,
and which ought to be known far and wide in justice to the memory of a great
and injured man, whose deeds I admired when a boy, and whose book is a true
romance. Lord Valentia calls Bruce’s voyage to the Red Sea an episodical
fiction, because he is wrong in the latitude of an island called ‘Macowar,’ which
Bruce says he had visited. Now this sea has been surveyed for the first time,
and there are two islands called Macowar ;’ the one in latitude 23” 50‘ visited
by Bruce, and the other in latitude 20” 45’, visited by Valentia ! Only think
of this vindication of Bruce’s memory ! Major Head knew it not when he wrote
his fife, and it is worth a thousand pages of defence.”
The following rather amusing anecdote is told of Bruce :-It is said that
once, when on a visit to a relative in East-Lothian, a person present observed
it was “impossible” that the natives of Abyssinia could eat raw meat. Bruce
very quietly left the room, and shortly afterwards returned from the kitchen with
management, and by carrying on a 8maIl trade in the coal line, made a considerable fortune, and built
the wing of the house at Airth, now standing. Some evil-minded persons chose to insinuate that
she had acquired this fortune in a way not very creditable to her chastity. Treating this slander with
the contempt it merited, she, with conscious innocence, caused the inscription of ‘ let t hsuy ,’ to
be placed over the door.”
I The amusing “ Adventures of Baron Munchausen ” were writteh purposely in ridicule of him,
and were received by the public 84 8 just satire on his work.

... BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. The singular incidents detailed in these Travels-the habits of life there ...

Book 8 p. 188
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BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES, 295
Hunter Blair, and the authority of an act of Parliament procured ; but in consequence
of other undertakings, and the want of funds, the act was allowed to
expire, and the design fell to the ground. It remained for Sir John to effect
an object, not less useful than ornamental ; and that the progress of the work
might be facilitated, he is understood to have made a serious inroad on his own
resources, calculating no doubt on a return which we believe he did not
experience.
The freedom of the city having been voted to Lord Lynedoch,‘ “ the gallant
Graham,” who distinguished himself so much in the Peninsular War, Sir John
gave a grand dinner on Saturday, the 12th of August 1815, in honour of the
Prince Regent’s birthday, at which were present Lord Lynedoch, the Earl of
Morton, Lord Audley, Sir David Dundas, the Lord Chief Baron, the Lord Chief
Commissioner, Admiral Sir Wm. Johnstone Hope, GeneralLWynyard, Sir James
Douglas, Sir Howard Elphinstone, Right Hon. William Dundas, member for
the city, Charles Forbes, Esq., M.P., Sir H. H. MDougal, Sir John Dalrymple,
Mr. Earle, Mr. Sedgwick, and a party of nearly one hundred of the principal
inhabitants of Edinburgh,
After the cloth was removed, and the usual series of toasts had been given,
the Lord Provost proposed the health of Lord Lynedoch ; and, presenting his
lordship with the freedom of the city in a gold box, addressed him as follows :-
“Lord Lynedoch-I have the honour, in the name of the Magistrates of Edinburgh, to
congratulate your lordship on your safe return to this country, after a series of services rendered
to it, which not only reflect the greatest credit on your lordship, but do high honour to your
county.
“My Lord-In the very commencement of the French Revolution, your lordship, with
penetrating discernment, foresaw the imminent danger to which everything dear to man had
become exposed, and leaving the distinguished situation to which your birth, talents, and the
esteem you were so eminently entitled to hold in this country, you betook yourself to the profession
of arms, in which you have rendered the country services which it is out of my power to
enumerate. In the war of the Peninsula, which happily turned the fate of Europe, as a Commander-
in-Chief, and afterwards as second to the immortal Wellington, one invariable line of
victory attended your course ; and if Ireland can proudly claim Wellington as her own, Scotland
has the gmtiEcation to feel that ‘ Prmimos illi tamen oecupvit Graham hmww.’
“ My Lord, the Magistrates of Edinburgh sincerely wish-a wish in which I am sure we are
joined by the country at large-that your health may be long preserved to enjoy the high
esteem and gratitude of your countrymen, and those honours which his Royal Highness the
Prince Regent has, in the name of our revered King, so justly conferred upon your lordship.”
Lord Lynedoch, with that feeling and diffidence so characteristic of merit, in
returning thanks to the Lord Provost and Magistrates, for the honour they had
conferred upon him, expressed himself as overpowered by the overrated estimation
in which any services he had been able to render to his country had
been held, That he had had the particular good fortune to serve under that
greatest of all men, the Duke of Wellington; and to have served under his
orders, and to have commanded British troops, almost insured success. He
must, however, say, that nothing could be more gratifying to his feelings than
1 Sir Thornss Graham, G.C.B., who was elevated k, the peerage in 1814.

... SKETCHES, 295 Hunter Blair, and the authority of an act of Parliament procured ; but in ...

Book 9 p. 393
(Score 0.67)

186 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.
placed on board a Swedish ship, in which he arrived at Falmouth in September
1796.
The “ Gordon Highlanders ” returned to Britain in 1795, but in consequence
of the disturbances then breaking out in Ireland, they were immediately hurried
off there. The Marquis directly followed, resumed the command, and was
actively employed with the regiment until tranquillity was restored, Notwithstanding
the irksome and disagreeable nature of a soldier’s duty connected with
civil commotion, the conduct of the “ Gordon Highlanders ” in Ireland was highly
exemplary; so much so, that on leaving the county of Wexford, in which
district they had been principally employed, an address was presented by the
magistrates aiid inhabitants to the Marquis, in which, after paying a marked
compliment to the orderly conduct of the men, they stated that “ peace and order
were established, rapine had disappeared, confidence in the Government was
restored, and the happiest cordiality subsisted since his regiment came among
them.”
In the expedition to the Helder, in 1799, the “Gordon Highlanders,” whose
number a short time previously had been changed to the 92d, with the Marquis at
their head, formed part of General Moore’s brigade, and although not engaged in
repelling the first att,ack of the enemy, bore a distinguished part in the great action
at Bergen on the 2d October, in which the Marquis was severely wounded.’
So entirely did the conduct of the regiment on this occasion give satisfaction to
General Moore, “that when he was made a Knight of the Bath, and obtained a
grant of supporters for his armorial bearings, he took a soldier of the Gordon
Highlanders, in full uniform, as one of these supporters, and a lion as the
other.”
The Marquis had obtained the rank of Colonel in the Army in 1796,-that
of Major-general in 1801, and was placed on the North British Staff as such from
1803 till 1806, when he was appointed Colonel of the 42d, or Royal Highland
Regiment.’ At the general election of that year he was chosen Member of
Parliament for Eye, in Suffolk; but he only remained a short time in the
Commons, having been, on the change of ministry which soon followed, summoned
by writ to the House of Peers, by the title of Baron Gordon of Huntly, in
the county of Gloucester. In 1808 he was raised to the rank of Lieutenant-
General in the Army ; and the same year, on the resignation of his father the
Duke of Gordon, the Marquis was appointed Lord-Lieutenant of the County of
Aberdeen.
His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales testified his approbation of the conduct of the Marquis
on this occasion by the appropriate present of a Highland mull, set in gold, decorated with valuable
Scotch pebbles, and inscribed with a handsome compliment in the Gaelic language.
a On the anniversary of the battle of Alexandria, the 21st March 1817, his Royal Highness the
Duke of York, then President of the Highland Society, in the chair, presented the Marquis of Huntly,
on behalf of the 42d Regiment, with a superb piece of plate, in token of the respect of the society for
a corps which, for more than seventy years, had continued to uphold the martial character of their
country. This his Royal Highness accompanied with an impreasive speech, in which he recapitulated
the various services of the corps, from the battle of Fontenoy down to those of Quatre Bras and
Waterloo.

... BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. placed on board a Swedish ship, in which he arrived at Falmouth in ...

Book 8 p. 263
(Score 0.66)

240 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHEd.
Such is a sketch of the first era of the Royal Edinburgh Volunteers. They
were not, however, allowed to remain long unembodied. The peace which had
been proclaimed with great ceremony at the cross of Edinburgh on the 4th of
May 1802 lasted something less than a year, when the threatening aspect of
affairs again roused the scarcely tranquil feelings of the country. The great
preparations made by the Emperor Napoleon to invade this country were met
by a corresponding effort on the part of the British Government, which was
supported bp the united energies of the whole people. In few places was the
spirit of the country more signally displayed than in Edinburgh. Upwards of
four thousand volunteers were enrolled ; and notwithstanding the great sacrifice
of time which the proper training to arms required, all men seemed actuated
with one spirit, and cheerfully and without complaint submitted to the tedious
process of military instruction, aware of the importance of order and discipline
against an enemy whose bravery was unquestioned, and who had given so many
proofs of great military skill and enterprise. On the 30th September 1803
the Royal Edinburgh Volunteers resumed their warlike banners. On this
occasion the regiment was augmented to a thousand rank and file; and, in
conformity with the general orders previously issued, their dress was changed
to scarlet with blue facings.
Notwithstanding the " mighty note of preparation," the military operations
which followed this new enrolment were happily not of a more sanguinary nature
than those of the former. With the exception of forming guard occasionally
when a fire occurred in the city, the duties of the Volunteers were confined to
the usual routine of drills, field-days, and reviews-and these they continued to
perform year after year with unabating zeal. In 1806, when new regulations
urere issued limiting the allowance to volunteer corps, the First Regiment stood
unaffected by them. The circumstance seemed rather to stimulate their patriotism.
" I wish to remind you," said their Lieut.-Colonel, addressing them one
day while on parade, " that we did not take up arms to please any minister, or
set of ministers, but to defend our land from foreign and domestic enemies."
One of their great field-days occurred on his Majesty's birth-day, 1807,
when the Lieutenant-Colonel, the Right Honourable Charles Hope (then Lord
Justice Clerk), was presented with a valuable sabre, of superb and exquisite
workmanship, in testimony of their regard for him as an officer and a gentleman.
The sword was presented by Thomas Martin, Esq., sergeant of grenadiers,
in name of the noncommissioned officers and 'privates.
In the year 1820, during the disturbances of the west, the Edinburgh
Volunteers garrisoned the Castle, to enable the regular troops stationed there
to proceed to G1asgow.l It was then, aa many professional gentlemen were
w a ~pr eached by the Rev. Principal Baird (their chaplain), from Isaiah ii. 3, 4. "he Lord Provost
and the Magistratea were present in their robes, and the congregation was very respectahla and
genteeL A liberal collection, amounting to upwards of $111, was made for the industrious poor
and destitute sick."
The c o y volunteered, if necessary, to leave Edinburgh, and co-operate with the regular troops,
and one night remained actually under marching orders.

... BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHEd. Such is a sketch of the first era of the Royal Edinburgh Volunteers. They were not, ...

Book 8 p. 337
(Score 0.66)

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 413
for a number of years, and produced a work, entitled “Record of the Public
Ministry of Jesus Christ,” which was published at Edinburgh in 1798.
Mr. Sibbald again returned to Edinburgh, where, in 1797, he brought out a
musical publication, entitled “ The Vocal Magazine.” In a year or two afterwards
the bookselling stock devolved into his own hands, and he continued to carry on
business as a bookseller until his death. His next work, published in 1802, and
by which he is best known, was a selection from the early Scottish poets, entitled
‘‘ A Chronicle of Scottish Poetry, with a Glossary of the Scottish Language ”-
a work of taste and erudition, and a valuable accession to Scottish literature.
Mr. Sibbald died at his lodgings in Leith Walk, at the age of fifty-six, in
April 1803. “He was a man of eccentric but amiable character. He belonged
to a great number of social clubs; and was beloved by so many of his
associates in those fraternities, that for some years after his death they
celebrated his birth-day by a social meeting.”
The third figure, with a print of Martin the auctioneer in his hand, is
GEORGE FAIRHOLME, Esq. of Greenhill, near Edinburgh, and of Greenknow,
in Berwickshire. This gentleman, together with his younger brother
William (of Chapel, in Berwickshire), had long resided in Holland as eminent
bankers, where they realised a very considerable fortune ; and, on their return
to their native country, they became extensive shareholders in the Bank of
Scotland, and in other public securities.
While in Holland, Mr. Fairholme had an opportunity of cultivating a strong
natural taste for the fine arts ;’ and was subsequently well known as a keen and
judicious collector of pictures and rare works of art. His collection of the
inimitable etchings of Rembrandt was nearly complete ; and these, together
with his cabinet of pictures, are now the property of his nephew, Adam Fairholme,
Esq. of Chapel.
Mr. Fairholme died on the 1st February 1800, aged seventy; and was
interred in the family burying-place at Greenhill-which estate now belongs to
Sir John Stuart Forbes, Bart. of Pitsligo.
The fourth figure, behind hlr. Fairholme, represents JAMES KERR, Esq.
of Blackshiels. His father, Alexander Kerr, having left Scotland to reside at
Bordeaux, as a wine-merchant, he was brought up and educated along with his
cousins, the Tytlers of ?Voodhouselee;2 and, at a proper age, was bound
apprentice in the banking establishment of Sir William Forbes and Co. After
the expiry of his indenture, having succeeded to an ample fortune by the death
of his father, Mr. Kern went abroad on his travels, and remained a considerable
1 Mr. Fairholme’s taste for the fine arts has descended to his nephew, George Fairholme, Esq.,
now of Greenknow, who, during repeated visits to Italy, has acquired a small but extremely choice
cabinet of pictures of the highest class, together with a valuable collection of original drawings by
the old masters.
Mr. Alexander Kerr maiTied Miss Craig of Dalmair, sister of MIX. Tytler of Woodhouselee.
The last of the Dalmair family was Sir James Craig, Governor-General of British North America.

... SKETCHES. 413 for a number of years, and produced a work, entitled “Record of the Public Ministry ...

Book 8 p. 574
(Score 0.66)

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 65
country. The first was the establishment of a Society for the improvement of
British wool. The breed of sheep never had been a subject of proper inquiry,
and so deteriorated had the wool become, that manufacturers were under the
necessity of importing great quantities of the finer descriptions. The Society
was ultimately formed at Edinburgh in 1791. In order to excite public attention
on the subject, a grand sheep-shearing festival was held, under the patronage
of the Society, at Newhalls Inn, near Queensferry. At this novel fete the
utmost enthusiasm prevailed. The company wore pastoral decorations ; sheep
of dxerent breeds were exhibited-the process of shearing was performed by
rival clippers-and at the close a collation followed, at which a toast, “ The
Royal Shepherd of Great Britain, and success to his flock,” was given by the
chairman, and received with great enthusiasm, followed by a salute of twentyone
guns from the Hind frigate at anchor in the Firth. By the exertions of the
Society, great improvements were effected in the pastoral districts ; and many
lands were nearly doubled in value by the new mode of sheep-farming.
Sir John’s great national work, “ The Statistical Account of Scotland,” was
undertaken about this period, and completed seven years afterwards, in twentyone
volumes octavo. The expense, labour, and difficulties in the way of such
an immense undertaking, had been considered insurmountable by all who had
previously contemplated it, and nothing short of Parliamentary authority was
deemed equal to the task? The indomitable perseverance of Sir John ultimately
prevailed, and his magnificent work stands unparalleled in any age or
nation. M7hile it gave an impetus to the study of statistics generally, the only
true foundation of all political economy, the “ Statistical Account” has tended
both directly and indirectly to promote the national character as well as prosperity
of Scotland,
Soon after the commencement of hostilities in 1’193, such a stagnation prevailed
in commerce, in consequence of a deficiency in the circulating medium,
that universal bankruptcy seemed almost inevitable. In this emergency Sir
John came forward with a plan, which, althougli emanating from one who had
stood opposed to them on some questions, met with the ready approval of Pitt
and Dundas. This was the issue of Exchequer Bills to a certain amount, by
way of loans in small sums to the merchants and manufacturers. The plan
speedily passed, and proved the means of preventing general ruin. Several
papers were afterwards drawn up by the Baronet, recommending measures for
the better regulation of the circulating medium.
Sir John had early contemplated the formation of a Board of Agriculture,
to promote, improvements, and act as a centre for the general diffusion of ab&
cultural knowledge ; but it was not till 1793, after experiencing great opposition,
that he succeeded in its establishment. With the small funds placed at his
In 1781, a8 noticed in a former article, the late Mr. Smellie, author of the Philosophy of
Natural Eistory, drew up a plan for procuring a statistical account of the parishes of Scotland, which
waa printed and circulated by order of the Society of Antiquaries. The result of this attempt was
a report of the parish of Uphall, by the Earl of Buchan, in which he then resided, and three others,
which are printed in the Transactions of the Society.
VOL 11. K

... SKETCHES. 65 country. The first was the establishment of a Society for the improvement of British ...

Book 9 p. 87
(Score 0.66)

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 201
stood to have been imperative, namely, either to discontinue all political
intercourse, or leave the British dominions. The ex-king felt inclined to submit
to these hard conditions rather than seek an asylum elsewhere; but the
Duchesse d’Angoul.eme, and other members of the family, were indignant at a
proceeding which they deemed equally inhospitable and insulting ; whilst the
cold and almost repulsive reception given to the Duc de Blacas in London, led
them to regard this as the forerunner of some measure of a still harsher
kind. In these circumstances, they decided to accept the kind invitation of the
Emperor of Austria to take up their abode in one of the imperial palaces near
Ratisbon.
When it became known that the royal exiles were on the eve of their
departure from Edinburgh, a general feeling of regret was manifested by the
inhabitants. Charles had intended embarking early in September 1832 ; but,
in daily expectation of a Government yacht, which had been promised to carry
him to Haniburgh, a delay of several weeks occurred ; and at length, despairing
of the fulfilment of a promise which had evidently been reluctantly given, he
engaged the United Kingdom steam-ship for the voyage.’
Tuesday, the eighteenth of September, having been fixed for his Majesty’s
departure, various methods were adopted by the citizens to show their respect
for the fallen Sovereign, whose private virtues had dignified and even ennobled
his misfortunes. On the Saturday previous, the tradesmen who had been
employed by the ex-royal family entertained the members of the household at
dinner in Millar’s tavern, Abbey. In reply to the expressions of regret for their
departure, the Frenchmen said “they regretted the separation, the more especially
as they had just been long enough here to form friendships, which were now to
be torn asunder. If they did not return to France, there was no place on the
face of the earth where they would be more anxious to remain than at Edinburgh.”
On Monday an address from a considerable portion of the inhabitants was
presented to Charles X. by Eailie Small and the Rev. Mr. Badenoch? expressive
of the sentiments they entertained of the “ urbanity, beneficence, and virtuous
conduct manifested by his Majesty and the distinguished personages attached
to his suite during their residence in Edinburgh.” Charles was much affected,
and in a few sentences expressed the gratification he felt in receiving such a
mark of respect from the citizens of Edinburgh.
Early on Tuesday morning a deputation, consisting of the Lord Provost,
Colonel George Macdonell, John Rlenzies, Esq., of Pitfodels, 51r. (afterwards Sir
Charles) Gordon, William Forbes, Esq., advocate, John Robison, Esq., Secretary
There had been strange mismanagement in this matter. Charles sailed, as above stated, early
on the Tuesday; and, at five o’clock on the evening of the Thursday following, the Light&q
steam-packet arrived at Leith for the purpose of conveying his Majesty and suite. It was too late,
and was probably lpeant to be so. The Duchess d’Angouleme had been previously treated in the
same manner. After being for some time detained in London, in expectation of a Government
steamer, which had also been promised, to convey her to Rotterdam, she was at last obliged to
hire a vessel for the pnrpose at her own expense. ’ The Bailie and Mr. Badenoch were deputed with the address, chiefly becanse through their
hands the donations of his Majesty to the Poor’s House, the Board of Health, etc., had been conveyed.
VOL. It. 21,

... SKETCHES. 201 stood to have been imperative, namely, either to discontinue all ...

Book 9 p. 270
(Score 0.65)

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 191
James was one of the first sheriffs appointed by the crown. He obtained the
sheriffdom of Tweeddale, his native county ; and it may be noticed that he was
the last survivor of all those appointed at the same period. His conduct as a
judgd in this situation-the more irksome from its being the first of a new order
of things-proved so highly satisfactory, that in 1764 he was promoted to
the office of Solicitor-General for Scotland, and elected to represent his native
county in the British Parliament. A few years after he was still farther
honoured by the appointment of Lord Advocate; and in 1777, on the death of
Lord Chief-Baron Ord, he was appointed Lord Chief-Baron of his Majesty's
Court of Exchequer.' This situation he held until 1801, when he found it
necessary to retire from public business. The title of Baronet was then conferred
upon him (July 16, lSOl), as a mark of royal esteem for his long and faithful
services.
Sir James, like his father, had early formed a just estimate of the importance
of agriculture as a study; and, even amid the laborious duties of his official
appointments, was enthusiastic in its pursuits. On his farm of Wester-Deans,
in the parish of Newlands, he had turnips in drills, dressed by a regular process
of horse-hoeing, so early as 1757 ; and he was among the first, if not the very
first, in Scotland who introduced the light horse-plough, instead of the old
cumbrous machine which, on the most favourable soil, required four horses and
a driver to manage them.
For the purpose of enlarging his practical knowledge, Sir James travelled
over the most fertile counties of England, and embraced every opportunity which
could possibly tend to aid him in promoting his patriotic design of improving
the agriculture of his native country. The means of reclaiming waste lands in
particular occupied a large share of his attention. His first purchase was a portion
of land, remarkable for its unimprovable appearance, lying upon the upper
extremities of the parishes of Newlands and Eddleston. This small estate,
selected apparently for the purpose of demonstrating the practicability of a
favourite theory, dbtained the designation of the ' I Whim," a name which it has
since retained. He also rented, under a long lease, a considerable range' of contiguous
ground from Lord Portmore. Upon these rude lands, which consisted
chiefly of a deep moss soil, Sir James set to work, and speedily proved what
could be accomplished by capital, ingenuity, and industry. In a few years the
'' Whim" became one of the most fertile spots in that part of the country.
His next purchase was the extensive estate of Stanhope? lying in the parishes
of Stobo, Drummellier, and Tweedsmuir, and consisting principally of mountainous
sheep-walks. Here, too, he effected great improvements, by erecting enclosures
where serviceable-planting numerous belts of young trees-and building com-
1 He was the first Scotsman who held this office since the establishment of the Court in 1707. * These lands belonged to Sir Alexander Murray of Stanhope, Baronet-the husband of that Lady
Murray, whose beautiful memoirs of her father and mother were, for the first time, printed under the
superintendence of Thomas Thomson, Esquire, from the original MS., in 1822, 8vo. Her husband
ruined himself by his. wild speculations, and his paternal estate passed to other hands.

... SKETCHES. 191 James was one of the first sheriffs appointed by the crown. He obtained the sheriffdom ...

Book 8 p. 269
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BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 35
was at the dinner given by Mr. John Paton, in 1805, on being chosen one of
the Deacons of Mary’s Chapel-an affair of much importance in former days.
Mr. Butter had participated in the jollity of many a “deacons choosing;” and
on the occasion alluded to, in spite of his years and debility, entered into the
spirit of the festive board with all the energy of his younger years.
He was married, and had four daughters ; the eldest of whom, Helen, was
married to the late George Andrew, Esq., writer ; the second, Anne, continued
unmarried, and resided in Perth ; the third, Janet, became the wife of Captain
John Campbell of Glenfalloch ; and the fourth, Jane, was married to Archibald
Campbell, Esq., for many years Lieut.-Colonel of the Royal Edinburgh Highland
Volunteers.
MR., or rather SIR, JOHN MORRISON, of whom the Print affords a
striking likeness, was for many years a Clerk in the Excise Office.’ In early
life he had been valet de chambre to Lord Charles Douglas, and was with that
nobleman in Lisbon, whither he had gone for his health, when the great earthquake
occurred there on the 1st November 1755.’ After the death of Lord
Charles, which occurred in England the year following, Mr. Morrison obtained
a situation in the Excise Office through the influence of the Queensberry
family; and, by the same interest, he was placed on the roll of the Poor
Knights of Windsor, from which circumstance he was generally known by the
title of SIRJ OHMNO RRISON.
Sir John lived in a very quiet manner, first at the Calton Hill, and latterly
in one of Mr. Butter’s houses in Shakspeare Square, His salary as a clerk was
only fifty pounds a year, and the gratuity from his Majesty was supposed to
amount to as much more. By the good management of Mrs. Morrison, who
took in boarders, the gross amount of his yearly income was fully adequate to
his expenditure. They had no young family to educate and bring up, “ Miss
Nancy,” as she was called, the only daughter, having passed her teens, and being
capable of aiding in the management of the house. While living at the Calton
.
The first shock was felt a little before ten o’clock A.M. The greater portion of the city, as
well 89 the shipping, was destroyed; and, according to some accounts, upwards of one hundred
thousand of the inhabitants were buried in the ruins. In a letter written by one of the domestics
of Lord Charles Douglas, dated Lwbon, November 8, the writer says-“ We made our escape over
many dead bodies, that lay under the ruins, and some calliig for mercy and help ; but none dared
stay to help them for fear of their own lives, the earth being still in motion. His lordship and all
of us were saved by staying a minute under an archway. Nobody could be more careful of his
lordship than good Nr. I). ; and, had it pleased God we should die, we had all gone together. His
lordship had surprising strength. When the shocks were a little abated, we set out for the country,
to the British Envoy’s, whose house did not fall, but was much cracked. We lay two nights in a
field near the house : none of us have been in bed these five nights. We are now safe on board the
Ezpedition packet.’’ In another letter, from Abrahalu Castres, Esq., his Majesty’s Envoy
Extraordinary to the King of Portugal, when speaking of the dilapidated state of his own house,
and the great number of countrymen who h d taken refuge with him, he says-“ I have accommodated
them as well as I could under tents in my large garden, nobody but Lord Charles Douglas,
who is actually on board the packet, besides our chaplain and myself, having dared hitherto to
sleep in my howe since the day of our disaster.”

... SKETCHES. 35 was at the dinner given by Mr. John Paton, in 1805, on being chosen one of the Deacons ...

Book 9 p. 47
(Score 0.64)

26 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.
continued with great spirit till near two in the morning, when the company sat down to a most
elegant supper, in four different rooms, where they were served with a profusion of the best wines,
and a most superb dessert. After supper, the dancing recommenced with redoubled vigour, and
w a continued till an hour after sunrising.”
In 1806, when the Opposition came into power, Lord Moira was appointed
Master-General of the Ordnance. In 1810 he was nominated Governor of the
Charter-house. The Earl being generally popular, and having zealously exerted
himself in favour of the Prince of Wales, when the parliamentary inquiry into
his financial embarrassments was going on, he thus stood high in the favour of
the Regent. Accordingly, on the assassination of Mr. Percival in 1812, he was
empowered by his Royal Highness to form a new Ministry. With this view
Lord Grey, Grenville, Erskine, etc., were consulted by his lordship ; but, as is
well known, the proposed arrangements came to nothing.
Soon after this the Prince Regent conferred the Order of the Garter on the
Earl; and in 1813 his lordship was appointed Governor-General and Commander-
in-Chief of the forces of British India. He remained nins years in the
East ; and during that period brought two important wars to a satisfactory conclusion,
and managed affairs with the utmost credit to himself and advantage to
the country. As a reward for his services, he was created (on the 7th December
1816) Viscount Loudon, Earl of Rawdon, and Marquis of Hastings, and twice
received the thanks of the Court of Directors of the East India Company, as
well as ’of both Houses of Parliament. In consequence of ill health the Earl
was recalled, at his own desire, in 1822. He returned to England, but without
having enriched himself by his long residence in a country wThich had proved a
source of wealth to his predecessor. During the summer of 1823, his lordship
and family paid a short visit to Loudon Castle,’ their residence in Ayrshire,
This affair gave rise to much local speculation at the time. In a small volume of poems, by
John Ramsay, Kilmarnock, 1836, the event is celebrated in a poem of some length, entitled “ Hope
and Despair ; or, the Loudon Campaign.” In this burlesque effusion the poet satirises his military
townsmen without mercy. In a prefatory note he says- “If half that old Fame detailed of the
preparations made at Loudon for their entertainment was true, such a slaughter had not taken place
since the dedication of Solomon’s Temple. Many went from feelings of respect to the noble veteran ;
others, whose sentiments we had an opportunity of knowing, were attracted by somethiug of a very
different nature; and some had even promised to use their influence to get their friends and
acquaintances introduced to be sharers of the spoil.” It appears that Fame had indeed prodigiously
magnified the “preparations made at Loudon ;” and it is on the well-merited disappointment which
“the guzzlers” experienced that the humour of the poet hinges.
“ Slow murmuring hameward cam’ the squad,
Their bellies swamp, their hearts richt sad ;
The very Major swore-‘By G-d,
And brocht a stain and odium bad,
It wa9 a shame,
On Hastings’ name.’
“ The drummer raised his plaintive wail,
The rocks gave back the doleful tale j
Yea, and the sober evening gale
That swept alang,
Bore far away, o’er hill and dale,
The mournful saug.”

... BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. continued with great spirit till near two in the morning, when the company sat down to a ...

Book 9 p. 35
(Score 0.64)

INDEX TO VOL . I1 .
PORTRAITS AND BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES .
A’
No . Page
ADVOCATES. Twelve. with wigs on .... cccxx 436
Advocates. Twelve. without wigs ... cccxxvi 462
Alls. The Five ........................... clxxxvii 46
Anderson. Mr . Francis. W . S ............. ccli 241
Angouleme. Duc d‘... ........................ ccxl 198
Austin.Mr . John. author of a “System
of Stenographic Music .............c cxcvii 376
Aytoun. Major-General Roger. ............c. cxl 196
B
BAILLIE, William. Lord Polkemmet ... ccxliii 216
Baillie. William. Lord Polkemmet ........ ccc 380
Baine. Rev . James. A.M., first minister
of the Relief Congregation. South
College Street .............................. cc 82
Baird. Rev . George Husband Baird.
D.D. Principal of the University.
and one of the ministers of the
High Church ........................... cccix 411
Bannatpe ............................. ccxciv 370
Barclay. John. M.D. ..................... cccxxii 448
Beggar’s Feast .............................. cccliii 480
Baird Rev . Principal ........................ cccx 412
Bannatpe. Sir W . M‘Leod. Lord
Bannatyne. Sir W . M‘Leod. Lord
Bannatyne .... ..........................c. cc 380
Bell. Mr . Benjamin, surgeon ..........c lxxxvi 45
Bell, Mr . Hamilton. W.S., carrying s
vintner’s boy from Edinburgh to
Mnsselburgh ........................... cclxiv 282
Bell, Mr. Hamilton. W.S ...............c. clxVi 289
Bell. Robert. Esq., Procurator for the
Bell, George Joseph. Profeasor of the
Law of Scotland .................... cccxxvi 464
Billair. Captain. and his Wife .......... ccxcix 379
Kirk ..................................... c c c a 437
No . Page
Black. Rev . David, of Lady Yester’s
Church .............................. ccxxxviii 192
Black. Donald. chairman ................. ccxcii 367
Blucher. Field.Marahal ................... ccclxi 477
Booksellers, Two ........................... clxxxii 30
Boswell. Claud Irvine. Lord Balmuto cclxii 277
Boswell. Claud I n h e . Lord Balmuto .... ccc 380
14
Boyle, Right Hon . David. Lord Justice-
Clerk ..................................c.c. cxii 417
Braidwood. Mr . Francis. cabinet-maker ccxiii 122
Breadalbane. John first Marquis of .. ccxlviii 233
Breadalbane, Lady ......................c cxlviii 23 4
Brown. Dr . John. alias “the Devil
Killer” .................................... cccv 394
Browne. Citizen M.C., one of the delegates
to the British Conventionccxxd 177
Buchanan. Rev . Dr., of the Canongate
Church .................................. ccxxii 152
Burnet. Captaii James. the last captain
of the City Guard ................... ecxxxv 185
Burnett, John. Esq., advocate ........... cccxx 436
Bums, Miss, a celebrated beauty ......... cxcii 60
Burns, Miss, a celebrated beauty ........c ccvi 399
Butler. Hon . Simon ...................... ccxbx 176
Butter. Mr . William .................... clxxxiii 32
Boyd. Mr . George. clothier ............. c l d
Brougham. Henry .................... cccxxxviii 478
a
CAMPBELLC,o lin. Esq., of Kd berry ... chxii 5
Campbell, Sir James, Bart. of Ardkinglass
.................................. clxxxix 61
Campbell, Sir Ilay. Bart., Lord President
of the Court of Seasion ................. ccii 89
Campbell, Sir Ilay. Lord PreSide .nt ....... ccc 380
Campbell, Mr . John. precentor ............ cciii 92
Campbell, ldr . Alexander .................. cciv 95

... 394 Browne. Citizen M.C., one of the delegates to the British Convention ccxxd 177 Buchanan. Rev . Dr., of the ...

Book 9 p. 676
(Score 0.63)

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 293
days, a macaroni of the fist water ; which, when translated, means “ a pretty
considerable puppy.’’ After taking his degree of M.D. he entered the army,
and served as assistant-surgeon in the 35th Regiment, with which he sojourned
for some time in Ireland. Having there lost his health, the Doctor resolved to
visit his native city, but died suddenly his passage between Belfast and
Glasgow.
The second (on the right) is a capital resemblance of an Italian musician,
named HIERONYMO STABILINI, who was a native of Rome, and came to
Edinburgh about the year 1778. The musical talents of Stabilini were much
admired; and although, unlike the modern Orpheus Paganini, he could not
‘‘ discourse sweet airs ” from a single piece of catgut, his performances on the
four pieces were generally admired. The musician met with an unlucky accident,
however, which materially injured his “bow arm,” while enjoying himself on
one occasion at Leith races. Stabilini, the better to participate in the sport, had
mounted a hackney charger-some ‘‘ red-wud Kilbirnie blastie ”-and not
being destined to “ witch the world with noble horsemanship,” felt considerable
difficulty in maintaining the proper bearing of a gentleman of the turf. At last,
while performing some awkward gambols on the sands, apparently less to his
own satisfaction than to the gratification of the spectators, he happened to come
in contact with another equally accomplished equestrian, when the musician was
unhorsed, and had his arm broken. It was said that after this accident he could
never play on the violin so correctly as formerly.
Stabilini was particularly intimate with Corri, a countryman of his own, a
composer and teacher of eminence, who built the music-rooms, called the Adelphi
Theatre, at the head of Broughton Street.’ The two friends sat down one
evening, after a tiresome exhibition of their musical talents, to regale themselves
over a glass of whisky-toddy, in preference to the less exhilarating wines of their
fatherland. While engaged in this pleasurable occupation, and their hearts
expanding in mutual pledges of friendship, they took no note of time. At
Corri was also some tie manager of the Theatre. In a theatrical critique for 1801, which
animadverta pretty freely on the public of Edinburgh for their inMerence to theatrical repreaentations,
it is said-“By the run of the School for Scandal, our Italian manager, Cod, was enabled for
a while to swim like boys on bladders ; but he n l t i i t e l y sunk under the weight of his debt.+ and
waa only released by the benignity of the British laws. Neither the universal abilities of Wilkinson,
his private worth, nor his full compan~, could draw the attention of the capital of the North, t i he
waa some hundred pounds out of pocket ; and though he was at last assisted, by the interference of
. certain public charactem, yet all his after success did little more than make up his lossea in the
beginning of the s e a o ~ ” Corri applied for and obtained the benefit of the Cessio B- ; and,
upon obtaining a decree freeing his person from imprisonment, he is said to have observed, “ dat he
had got de cessio, but de lawyers had got de bonorum.”
The second Corri (the son) w88, amidst all his difficulties, most regardleas of the intereats of his
creditors and of himself. At the time his sffaira w m at the worst, a friend, going into Weddel the
confectioner’s shop opposite the Tron Church, found Corri very comfortably seated, eating a pineapple-
a great extravagance in those ties. “ Are you not ashamed, Yr. Corri, of thii !” said he.
“What would your creditore think of this (1” s‘Oh, awe,’’ said Corri, “noting at all, noting at all
-what is aewa-and-idxpewx to be divided among my creditors I ”

... SKETCHES. 293 days, a macaroni of the fist water ; which, when translated, means “ a ...

Book 8 p. 412
(Score 0.63)

I 86 MEMORIALS OF EDINBURGH.
The ancient prison of Edinburgh had its EAST and WEST ENDS, known to the last by
these same distinctive appellations, that mark the patrician and plebeian districts of the
British metropolis. The line of division is apparent in our engraved view, showing the
western and larger portion of the building constructed of coarse rubble work, while
the earlier edifice, at the east end, was built of polished stone. This distinction was
still more apparent on the north side, which, though much more ornamental, could
only be viewed in detail, owing to the narrowness of the street, and has not, as far
as we are aware, been represented in any engraving.’ It had, on the first floor, a large
and deeply splayed square window, decorated on either side with richly carved Gothic
niches, surmounted with ornamental canopies of varied designs. A smaller window
on the floor above was flanked with similar decorations, the whole of which were, in all
probability, originally filled with statues. Maitland mentions, and attempts to refute, a
tradition that this had been the mansion of the Provost of St Giles’s Church, but there
seems little reason to doubt that it had been originally erected as some such appendage
to t,he church. The style of ornament was entirely that of a collegiate building attached
to an ecclesiastical edifice ; and its situation and architectural adornments suggest the
idea of its having been the residence of the Provost or Dean, while the prebends and
other members of the college were accommodated in the buildings on the south side
of the church, removed in the year 1632 to make way for the Parliament House. If this
idea is correct, the edifice was, in all probability, built shortly after the year 1466, when
a charter was granted by King James III., erecting St Giles’s into a collegiate church ;
and it may further have included a chapter-house for the college, whose convenient
dimensions would lead to its adoption as a place of meeting for the Scottish Parliaments.
The date thus assigned to the most ancient portion of the “ Heart; of Midlothian,”
receives considerable confirmation from the style of the building ; but
Parliaments had assembled in Edinburgh long before that period ; three, at least, were
held there during the reign of James I., and when his assassination at Perth, iu 1437, led
to the abandonment of the Fair City as the chief residence of the Court, and thh ’capital of
the kingdom, the first general council of the new reign took place in the Castle of Edinburgh.
We have already described the remains of the Old‘ Parliament Hall still existing
there; and this, it is probable, was the scene of all such assemblies as were held at
Edinburgh in earlier reigns.
The next Parliament of James 11. was summoned to meet at Stirling, the following
year, in the month of March; but another was held that same year in the month of
November, “ in pretorio burgi de Edinburgh.” The same Latin term for the Tolbooth is
repeated in the minutes of another Assembly of the Estates held there in 1449 ; and, in
1451, the old Scottish name appears for the first time in “ the parleament of ane richt hie
and excellent prince, and our soverane lorde, James the Secunde, be the grace of Gode,
King of Scotts, haldyn at Edinburgh the begunyn in the Tolbuth of the samyn.”2 A
much older, and probably larger, erection must therefore have existed on the site of the
We have drawn the view at the head of the Chapter from a slight aketch taken shortly before ita demolition, by
Mr D. Somerville ; with the assistance of a most ingenious model of St Giles’s Church and the aurroonding buildings,
made by the Rev. John She, about the year 1805, to which we were also partly indebted for the south view of the aame
building.
Acts of Scottish Parliaments, folio, vol. ii.

... 86 MEMORIALS OF EDINBURGH. The ancient prison of Edinburgh had its EAST and WEST ENDS, known to the last ...

Book 10 p. 204
(Score 0.63)

HISTORICAL INCIDENTS AFTER THE RESTORATION. 1 I7
terior, with the embrasures and loop-holes, aa it appeared before the erection of the Infant
School there.
We have already mentioned the erection of the wall in Leith Wynd, a considerable
portion of which still remains, by virtue of an Act of Parliament in 1540.' Maitland
describes another addition in 1560, extending from thence to the end of the North Loch,
at the foot of Halkerston's Wynd.' The southern wall of the west wing of Trinity Hospital
included part of this ancient defence. It stood about six feet south from the present
retaining wall of the North British Railway, in the Physic Gardens: and was a piece of
such substantial masonry, that its demolition, in 1845, was attended with great labour,
requiring the use of wedges to break up the solid mam. In 1591, the citizens were
empowered, by Parliament, to raise money on all lands and rents within Edinburgh, towards
strengthening the town, by an addition of height and thickness to its walls, with forcing
places, bulwarks, or flankers, 8;c. ; * and finally, the Common Council having, in 1618,
bought from Tours of Innerleith ten acres of land at the Creyfriars' Port, they immediately
ordered it to be enclosed with a wall, a considerable portion of which forms the western
boundary of the Heriot's Hospital grounds. It only remains to be added, that the last
attempt made to render these walls an effective defence, wa.s in the memorable year 1745;
with how little success has already been narrated. From the evidence brought out in the
course of Provost Stewart's trial, they seem to have been, at that period, in a most ruinous
condition, and it is improbable that any efforts were made after that to stay their further
decay.
The changes wrought upon the town itself during the same period are no less remarkable.
Owing to its peculiar situation, crowning the ridge of the hill, on the highest point
of which the Castle is perched, and sloping off to the low grounds on either side, its limits
seemed to our ancestors to be defined almost beyond the possibility of enlargement. The
only approach to the main street, from the west, previous to the commencement of the
North Bridge, in 1765, was up the steep and crooked thoroughfare of the West Bow, by
which kings and nobles so often entered in state, and from thence it extended, in unbroken
continuity to St Mary's and Leith Wynds. The remainder of the street, through the
Canongate, has fortunately, as yet, escaped the revision of '' improvements commissioners,"
and presents, in the continuation of the principal thoroughfare through the Nether Bow to
the Palace, many antique features, awaking associations of the period when the Scottish
nobility resided there in ciose vicinity to the Court.
A very few years, however, have sufficed to do the work of centuries in the demolition
of time-honoured and interesting fabrics. St Giles's Church has been renovated externally,
and reduced to the insipid standard of modern uniformity. George IV. Bridge, and its
approaches, have swept away nearly all the West Bow, Gosford's and the Old Bank Closes,
Libberton's Wynd, and some of the most interesting houses in the Cowgate. The projectors
of the New College have taken for its site another portion, including the Guise Palace,
in. Blyth's Clow, which bore, on its north front, the earliest date then existing on any
private building in Edinburgh ; and the same parties, in their zeal to do honour to Knox's
,
1 Ante, p. 44.
a Maitland, p. 20, where it ia defined aa at the foot of Libbwton'r Wynd, but this is obviously an error. ' So called from having long been the site of the Botanical Gardens. ' Kaitland, p, 45.

... INCIDENTS AFTER THE RESTORATION. 1 I7 terior, with the embrasures and loop-holes, aa it appeared before ...

Book 10 p. 128
(Score 0.63)

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